第一節(jié) 解題策略和備考建議

　　一.閱讀B節(jié)大綱樣題給我們的啟示

　　我們要注意這部分考的是段落的理解，我們要通讀全文尋找重復(fù)的連接手段，并確定話題詞，然后再對選項進行語篇層次的剖析，發(fā)掘選項中的重復(fù)的話題，然后用選項的話題詞來匹配文章段落的話題詞，做到對號入座。

　　Directions：

　　In the following article， some sentences have been removed. For Questions l5， choose the most suitable one from the list AG to fit into each of the numbered blank.There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.

　　Long before Man lived on the Earth, there were fishes, reptiles, birds, insects, and some mammals. Although some of these animals were ancestors of kinds living today, others are now extinct, that is, they have no descendants alive now. 1)________

　　本段話題：滅絕動物 關(guān)鍵詞：extinct

　　Very occasionally the rocks show impression of skin, so that, apart from color, we can build up a reasonably accurate picture of an animal that died millions of years ago. The kind of rock in which the remains are found tells us much about the nature of the original land, often of the plants that grew on it, and even of its climate.

　　本段話題：巖石 關(guān)鍵詞：rock

　　2)__________________ . Nearly all of the fossils that we know were preserved in rocks formed by water action, and most of these are of animals that lived in or near water. Thus it follows that there must be many kinds of mammals, birds, and insects of which we know nothing.

　　本段話題： 水保存動物化石 關(guān)鍵詞：water

　　3)_____________________ There were also crab-like creatures, whose bodies were covered with a horny substance. The body segments each had tow pairs of legs, one pair for walking on the sandy bottom, the other for swimming. The head was a kind of shield with a pair of compound eyes, often with thousands of lenses .They were usually an inch or tow long but some were 2 feet.

　　本段話題: 像蟹一樣的早期海洋動物 關(guān)鍵詞：crab-like creatures

　　4)_______________________. Of these, the ammonites are very interesting and important. They have a shell composed of many chambers, each representing a temporary home of the animal. As the young grew larger it grew a new chamber and sealed off the previous one. Thousands of these can be seen in the rocks on the Dorset Coast.

　　本段話題： 甲殼動物 關(guān)鍵詞：ammonites, shell

　　5)______________

　　About 75 million years ago the Age of Reptiles was over and most of the groups died out. The mammals quickly developed, and we can trace the evolution of many familiar animals such as the elephant and horse. Many of the later mammals, though now extinct, were known to primitive man and were featured by him in cave paintings and on bone carvings.

　　本段話題：爬行動物以及哺乳動物 關(guān)鍵詞：reptiles, mammals

　　The shellfish have a long history in the rock and many different kinds are known.

　　Nevertheless, we know a great deal about many of them because their bones and shells have been preserved in the rocks as fossils .From them we can tell their size and shape, how they walked, the kind of food they ate.

　　The first animals with true backbones were the fishes, first known in the rocks of 375 million years ago. About 300 million years ago the amphibians, the animals able to live both on land and in water, appeared. They were giant, sometimes 8 feet long, and many of them lived in the swampy pools in which our coal seam, or layer, or formed. The amphibians gave rise to the reptiles and for nearly 150 million years these were the principal forms of life on land, in the sea, and in the air.

　　The best index fossils tend to be marine creatures. These animals evolved rapidly and spread over large areas of the world.

　　The earliest animals whose remains have been found were all very simple kinds and lived in the sea. Later forms are more complex, and among these are the sea-lilies, relations of the star- fishes, which had long arms and were attached by a long stalk to the sea bed, or to rocks.

　　When an animal dies, the body, its bones, or shell, may often be carried away by streams into lakes or the sea and there get covered up by mud. If the animal lived in the sea its body would probably sink and be covered with mud .More and more mud would fall upon it until the bones or shell become embedded and preserved.

　　Many factors can influence how fossils are preserved in rocks. Remains of an organism may be replaced by minerals, dissolved by an acidic solution to leave only their impression, or simply reduced to a more stable form.

　　啟發(fā)思維：

　　這篇文章講述的中心是化石，也可說是滅絕動物的尸體。前三段介紹化石如何的形成以及保存化石的條件，在其后的段落中按時間次序介紹了早期海洋動物，爬行動物以及哺乳動物之前的一些物種情況。

　　再讀選項，大致確定7個選項的啟示是：

　　第一節(jié) 解題策略和備考建議

　　一.閱讀B節(jié)大綱樣題給我們的啟示

　　我們要注意這部分考的是段落的理解，我們要通讀全文尋找重復(fù)的連接手段，并確定話題詞，然后再對選項進行語篇層次的剖析，發(fā)掘選項中的重復(fù)的話題，然后用選項的話題詞來匹配文章段落的話題詞，做到對號入座。

　　Directions：

　　In the following article， some sentences have been removed. For Questions l5， choose the most suitable one from the list AG to fit into each of the numbered blank.There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.

　　Long before Man lived on the Earth, there were fishes, reptiles, birds, insects, and some mammals. Although some of these animals were ancestors of kinds living today, others are now extinct, that is, they have no descendants alive now. 1)________

　　本段話題：滅絕動物 關(guān)鍵詞：extinct

　　Very occasionally the rocks show impression of skin, so that, apart from color, we can build up a reasonably accurate picture of an animal that died millions of years ago. The kind of rock in which the remains are found tells us much about the nature of the original land, often of the plants that grew on it, and even of its climate.

　　本段話題：巖石 關(guān)鍵詞：rock

　　2)__________________ . Nearly all of the fossils that we know were preserved in rocks formed by water action, and most of these are of animals that lived in or near water. Thus it follows that there must be many kinds of mammals, birds, and insects of which we know nothing.

　　本段話題： 水保存動物化石 關(guān)鍵詞：water

　　3)_____________________ There were also crab-like creatures, whose bodies were covered with a horny substance. The body segments each had tow pairs of legs, one pair for walking on the sandy bottom, the other for swimming. The head was a kind of shield with a pair of compound eyes, often with thousands of lenses .They were usually an inch or tow long but some were 2 feet.

　　本段話題: 像蟹一樣的早期海洋動物 關(guān)鍵詞：crab-like creatures

　　4)_______________________. Of these, the ammonites are very interesting and important. They have a shell composed of many chambers, each representing a temporary home of the animal. As the young grew larger it grew a new chamber and sealed off the previous one. Thousands of these can be seen in the rocks on the Dorset Coast.

　　本段話題： 甲殼動物 關(guān)鍵詞：ammonites, shell

　　5)______________

　　About 75 million years ago the Age of Reptiles was over and most of the groups died out. The mammals quickly developed, and we can trace the evolution of many familiar animals such as the elephant and horse. Many of the later mammals, though now extinct, were known to primitive man and were featured by him in cave paintings and on bone carvings.

　　本段話題：爬行動物以及哺乳動物 關(guān)鍵詞：reptiles, mammals

　　The shellfish have a long history in the rock and many different kinds are known.

　　Nevertheless, we know a great deal about many of them because their bones and shells have been preserved in the rocks as fossils .From them we can tell their size and shape, how they walked, the kind of food they ate.

　　The first animals with true backbones were the fishes, first known in the rocks of 375 million years ago. About 300 million years ago the amphibians, the animals able to live both on land and in water, appeared. They were giant, sometimes 8 feet long, and many of them lived in the swampy pools in which our coal seam, or layer, or formed. The amphibians gave rise to the reptiles and for nearly 150 million years these were the principal forms of life on land, in the sea, and in the air.

　　The best index fossils tend to be marine creatures. These animals evolved rapidly and spread over large areas of the world.

　　The earliest animals whose remains have been found were all very simple kinds and lived in the sea. Later forms are more complex, and among these are the sea-lilies, relations of the star- fishes, which had long arms and were attached by a long stalk to the sea bed, or to rocks.

　　When an animal dies, the body, its bones, or shell, may often be carried away by streams into lakes or the sea and there get covered up by mud. If the animal lived in the sea its body would probably sink and be covered with mud .More and more mud would fall upon it until the bones or shell become embedded and preserved.

　　Many factors can influence how fossils are preserved in rocks. Remains of an organism may be replaced by minerals, dissolved by an acidic solution to leave only their impression, or simply reduced to a more stable form.

　　啟發(fā)思維：

　　這篇文章講述的中心是化石，也可說是滅絕動物的尸體。前三段介紹化石如何的形成以及保存化石的條件，在其后的段落中按時間次序介紹了早期海洋動物，爬行動物以及哺乳動物之前的一些物種情況。

　　再讀選項，大致確定7個選項的啟示是：