專八漢譯英熱身練習(xí)場(chǎng)--五
原文：
比文明這個(gè)詞還用得更不確切、更加無(wú)拘無(wú)束的詞簡(jiǎn)直寥寥無(wú)幾。文明是什么意思?它意指一個(gè)建立在平民百姓輿論基礎(chǔ)上的社會(huì)。 它意味著暴力、武士和暴君的統(tǒng)治、戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)沖突、暴動(dòng)暴政為立法議會(huì)所取代，被法律得以長(zhǎng)期維護(hù)的獨(dú)立法庭所代替。這就是文明，在文明的土壤里，自由、舒適和文化不斷發(fā)展壯大。如果文明在任何一個(gè)國(guó)家里占了支配地位，那么便可給人民群眾提供一種更加寬松的較為平靜的生活，過(guò)去的傳統(tǒng)則受人珍重，英明偉人或勇士們留給我們的遺產(chǎn)則成為咱們大家共同享用的豐富的財(cái)產(chǎn)。
參考譯文：
There are few words which are used more loosely than the word civilization. What does it mean? It means a society based upon the opinion of civilians. It means that violence， the rule of warriors and despotic chiefs， the conditions of camps and warfare， of riot and tyranny， give place to parliaments where laws are made， and independent courts of justice in which over long periods those laws are maintained. That is Civilization ---and in its soil grow continually freedom， comfort and culture. When Civilization reigns in any country， a wider and less harassed life is afforded to the masses of the people， the traditions of the past are cherished， and the inheritance bequeathed to us by former wise or valiant men becomes a rich estate to be enjoyed and used by all.
原文：
比文明這個(gè)詞還用得更不確切、更加無(wú)拘無(wú)束的詞簡(jiǎn)直寥寥無(wú)幾。文明是什么意思?它意指一個(gè)建立在平民百姓輿論基礎(chǔ)上的社會(huì)。 它意味著暴力、武士和暴君的統(tǒng)治、戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)沖突、暴動(dòng)暴政為立法議會(huì)所取代，被法律得以長(zhǎng)期維護(hù)的獨(dú)立法庭所代替。這就是文明，在文明的土壤里，自由、舒適和文化不斷發(fā)展壯大。如果文明在任何一個(gè)國(guó)家里占了支配地位，那么便可給人民群眾提供一種更加寬松的較為平靜的生活，過(guò)去的傳統(tǒng)則受人珍重，英明偉人或勇士們留給我們的遺產(chǎn)則成為咱們大家共同享用的豐富的財(cái)產(chǎn)。
參考譯文：
There are few words which are used more loosely than the word civilization. What does it mean? It means a society based upon the opinion of civilians. It means that violence， the rule of warriors and despotic chiefs， the conditions of camps and warfare， of riot and tyranny， give place to parliaments where laws are made， and independent courts of justice in which over long periods those laws are maintained. That is Civilization ---and in its soil grow continually freedom， comfort and culture. When Civilization reigns in any country， a wider and less harassed life is afforded to the masses of the people， the traditions of the past are cherished， and the inheritance bequeathed to us by former wise or valiant men becomes a rich estate to be enjoyed and used by all.
