英語學(xué)習(xí)之四級(jí)考試虛擬語氣考點(diǎn)及對(duì)策
于理解與記憶，我們把虛擬語氣分成三大塊來討論：1.名詞從句中的虛擬語氣 標(biāo)志詞+should+動(dòng)詞原形2.條件從句中的虛擬語氣 ①三種基本態(tài) ②倒裝虛擬句 ③混時(shí)虛擬句 ④含蓄虛擬句 ⑤跳層虛擬句3.其它情形中的虛擬語氣
一.三種基本形態(tài)
表虛擬的時(shí)間 if從句謂語形式 主句謂語形式
現(xiàn)在： did / were would +do
過去： had done/ had been would +have done
將來： were to/ should+do would +do
三種基本形態(tài)
與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反：If I had enough money, I would buy a book.
與過去事實(shí)相反：If I had had enough money, I would have bought a book.
與將來事實(shí)相反：If I were to have enough money, I would buy a book.
If I should have enough money, I would buy a book.
二、倒裝虛擬句
Had I had enough money, I would have bought a book.
Were I to have enough money, I would buy a book.
Should I have enough money, I would buy a book.
三、混合時(shí)間虛擬語氣
If I had studied English at school, I could read the English novel now.
If she were not so careless, she wouldnt have made such a mistake.
四、含蓄虛擬句
What would I have done without you?
But for their help, I would not have finished the task.
But that the doctor arrived on time that day, they would have been dead.
Given more time, I would have been able to finish the test.
五、跳層虛擬句 He would put on weight, but he doesnt eat much.
He would have put on weight, but he didnt eat much.
I forget where I read the article, or I would show it to you now. ask, advise, beg, command, demand, decide, desire, insist, order, prefer, propose, require, recommend, request, suggest, urge等表示命令、要求、建議等含義的動(dòng)詞后的賓語從句中，謂語動(dòng)詞用+動(dòng)詞原形, eg. I suggest / suggested that we go tomorrow.名詞從句虛擬語氣 It is ++that的從句中，形容詞主要是表示令人吃驚的、重要的、必要的、關(guān)鍵的等詞匯。形容詞：astonishing, amazing, advisable, appropriate, crucial, desirable, essential, important, imperative, keen, necessary, natural, normal, odd, proper, preferable, strange, sorry, shocked, surprising, urgent, unusual, vital等。名詞從句虛擬語氣 過去分詞：decided, desired, demanded, ordered, requested, recommended, suggested等;名詞：advice, decision, desire, demand, suggestion, motion, pray, resolution, wish, preference, proposal, recommendation, requirement, idea, order等
七、其它虛擬語氣 Wish
I wish I knew the answer./ I wish I had known the answer.
I wish you would shut up.
If only If only I were taller. / If only he had followed your advice! /If only the rain would stop.
It is time It is time you thought about your future.
would rather I would rather you didnt speak rudely to her.
Id rather you hadnt spoken rudely to her.
Lest, in case, for fear that，這是因它們答案特征相同，即 +動(dòng)詞原形。eg. He took his umbrella lest it should rain.
大學(xué)英語虛擬語氣考題總結(jié):答案的特征
1.+動(dòng)詞原形記住信號(hào)詞以及l(fā)est.2. 一般過去時(shí)：wish/If only/would rather/Its time that.
3.基本形式,特別注意時(shí)間狀語
4.倒裝的兩個(gè)時(shí)間：與過去，與將來相反;三個(gè)形式提前大寫，if省去;
5.but/or/or else/otherwise
于理解與記憶，我們把虛擬語氣分成三大塊來討論：1.名詞從句中的虛擬語氣 標(biāo)志詞+should+動(dòng)詞原形2.條件從句中的虛擬語氣 ①三種基本態(tài) ②倒裝虛擬句 ③混時(shí)虛擬句 ④含蓄虛擬句 ⑤跳層虛擬句3.其它情形中的虛擬語氣
一.三種基本形態(tài)
表虛擬的時(shí)間 if從句謂語形式 主句謂語形式
現(xiàn)在： did / were would +do
過去： had done/ had been would +have done
將來： were to/ should+do would +do
三種基本形態(tài)
與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反：If I had enough money, I would buy a book.
與過去事實(shí)相反：If I had had enough money, I would have bought a book.
與將來事實(shí)相反：If I were to have enough money, I would buy a book.
If I should have enough money, I would buy a book.
二、倒裝虛擬句
Had I had enough money, I would have bought a book.
Were I to have enough money, I would buy a book.
Should I have enough money, I would buy a book.
三、混合時(shí)間虛擬語氣
If I had studied English at school, I could read the English novel now.
If she were not so careless, she wouldnt have made such a mistake.
四、含蓄虛擬句
What would I have done without you?
But for their help, I would not have finished the task.
But that the doctor arrived on time that day, they would have been dead.
Given more time, I would have been able to finish the test.
五、跳層虛擬句 He would put on weight, but he doesnt eat much.
He would have put on weight, but he didnt eat much.
I forget where I read the article, or I would show it to you now. ask, advise, beg, command, demand, decide, desire, insist, order, prefer, propose, require, recommend, request, suggest, urge等表示命令、要求、建議等含義的動(dòng)詞后的賓語從句中，謂語動(dòng)詞用+動(dòng)詞原形, eg. I suggest / suggested that we go tomorrow.名詞從句虛擬語氣 It is ++that的從句中，形容詞主要是表示令人吃驚的、重要的、必要的、關(guān)鍵的等詞匯。形容詞：astonishing, amazing, advisable, appropriate, crucial, desirable, essential, important, imperative, keen, necessary, natural, normal, odd, proper, preferable, strange, sorry, shocked, surprising, urgent, unusual, vital等。名詞從句虛擬語氣 過去分詞：decided, desired, demanded, ordered, requested, recommended, suggested等;名詞：advice, decision, desire, demand, suggestion, motion, pray, resolution, wish, preference, proposal, recommendation, requirement, idea, order等
七、其它虛擬語氣 Wish
I wish I knew the answer./ I wish I had known the answer.
I wish you would shut up.
If only If only I were taller. / If only he had followed your advice! /If only the rain would stop.
It is time It is time you thought about your future.
would rather I would rather you didnt speak rudely to her.
Id rather you hadnt spoken rudely to her.
Lest, in case, for fear that，這是因它們答案特征相同，即 +動(dòng)詞原形。eg. He took his umbrella lest it should rain.
大學(xué)英語虛擬語氣考題總結(jié):答案的特征
1.+動(dòng)詞原形記住信號(hào)詞以及l(fā)est.2. 一般過去時(shí)：wish/If only/would rather/Its time that.
3.基本形式,特別注意時(shí)間狀語
4.倒裝的兩個(gè)時(shí)間：與過去，與將來相反;三個(gè)形式提前大寫，if省去;
5.but/or/or else/otherwise
