2024屆高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí) 語(yǔ)篇微寫作強(qiáng)化系列Test16精選導(dǎo)學(xué)案 北師大版

　　Ⅰ.閱讀理解

　　A

　　A senior United Nations Children’s Fund(UNICEF) official on May 29 praised China for its remarkable achievements in children’s welfare(福利)．

　　A．H.M.Farook，UNICEF’s operations area officer for China and Mongolia said that China “can be very satisfied to tell the whole world what can be done with limited resources to help its children to grow healthily and happily.”

　　China’s child population makes up one-fifth of the world’s total.“The reason behind the tremendous(巨大的) achievement is China’s long tradition of caring for children both at home and in society，” he said.

　　“What’s more is that Chinese people have always given special attention to children who are in special need.” The UN official made the remarks when addressing a group of 50 children and staff from the Beijing Children’s Welfare Home at the Shangri-la Hotel，Beijing.

　　The hotel invited the orphans to share snacks(小吃)，sing，dance and play games at a park inside the hotel for a “Share the Sunshine” party，as a prelude(前奏) to celebrations to mark the Children’s Day.

　　The Beijing children’s Welfare Home，set up soon after New China was founded in 1949，has at present more than 400 children.

　　A leading official of the welfare institution said that the children live a happy life and that the agency(機(jī)構(gòu)) spends 400—500 yuan a month for an average orphan.An average Chinese workers earned 440 yuan a month during the first quarter this year.

　　Gu Xiaojin，deputy secretary-general of the China Youth Development Foundation(CYDF)，said people from all walks of life have contributed to the welfare of the Chinese children.

　　She said that CYDF set up the Project Hope in 1989，which calls on people across the country to donate money to help poor children to continue their schooling.

　　By the end of last year，she said，CYDF had collected nearly 700 million yuan in donations，which has helped the establishment of 2,074 Hope Primary Schools and enabled more than 1.25 million dropouts to return to school classrooms.

　　Three “Hope Stars” also attended the party.They were model teenagers chosen among students who are economically supported by the Project Hope to further their nine-year compulsory(義務(wù)) studies in the poverty-stricken regions.They will be torchbearers(火炬接力者) for the Chinese Team for the coming Atlanta Olympic Games this year.

　　1．Children can grow healthily and happily as long as ________.

　　A．parents take good care of them both at home and in society

　　B．the whole society care for children as well as their parents

　　C．schools and teachers pay much attention to the growth of children

　　D．Chinese people always give special attention to children who are in special need

　　答案　B

　　解析　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段得知青少年能健康幸福成長(zhǎng)的條件是社會(huì)和家庭共同關(guān)心小孩，故選 B項(xiàng)。

　　2．Every year the Beijing Children’s Welfare Home spends ________ on the orphans.

　　A．1,920,000 yuan

　　B．2,160,000 yuan

　　C．over 2,400,000 yuan

　　D．2,200,000 yuan or so

　　答案　D

　　解析　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“The Beijing children’s Welfare Home，...has at present spent more than 400 children.”和“...the agency spends 400—500 yuan a month for an average orphan.”可知一年的費(fèi)用在1,920，000 yuan和2,400,000 yuan之間，當(dāng)然也不會(huì)正好是2,160,000 yuan，故答案選D項(xiàng)。

　　3．CYDF collected 700 million yuan with the purpose of ________.

　　A．reducing dropouts

　　B．helping homeless orphans

　　C．supporting the Chinese Team for the coming Atlanta Olympic Games

　　D．establishing 2,074 Hope Primary Schools all over the country

　　答案　A

　　解析　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段可知這筆錢用在貧困地區(qū)建立希望小學(xué)和讓失學(xué)兒童返校。

　　4．We can infer from the text that ________.

　　A．every Chinese child has its own special need，so we should pay special attention to each

　　B．a(chǎn)ll the children in the poverty-stricken regions of China are too poor to go to school

　　C．ever since liberation the Chinese Communist Party has been concerned about the growth of the younger generation

　　D．with the help of UNICEF officials，there are no more dropouts in China

　　答案　C

　　解析　推理判斷題。根據(jù)“The Beijing children’s Welfare Home，set up soon after New China was founded in 1949，has at present more than 400 children.”可知C項(xiàng)為正確答案。

　　5．It is possible that this passage was written in ________.

　　A．1992

　　B．1996

　　C．1998

　　D．2000

　　答案　B

　　解析　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。亞特蘭大奧運(yùn)會(huì)是 1996年召開(kāi)的，再根據(jù)“They will be torchbearers for the Chinese Team for the coming Atlanta Olympic Games this year.”可知這篇文章寫于 1996年，故選B項(xiàng)。

　　B

　　On Saturday August 12,2000，during Northern Fleet training exercises in the Barents Sea，the Russian nuclear submarine Kursk sank in about 100 meters of water with some 118 sailors aboard.It’s known later that several officers were also aboard，observing the training exercises.The Kursk is lying on the ocean floor in the Barents Sea.The Russian Navy said that it was listing 30 degrees to port.Other sources reported it was listing as much 60 as degrees.According to a Russian newspaper，when the submarine Kursk failed to make_contact_with the naval command at the right time later that day，Northern Fleet Commander Admiral Vyachesav Popov ordered rescue ships into the area.It took hours to find the submarine，as it didn’t launch(發(fā)射) a marking buoy(浮) before sinking.

　　Russian Navy Chief insisted that the submarine Kursk had been involved in a major collision(碰撞)，but a great deal of information shows that this is not true.Up till now，it’s believed that an explosion in the torpedo compartment(魚(yú)雷艙) in the nose of the Kursk was the likely cause.Now Russian government officially asked Norway for help in recovering of sailors’ bodies first of all，and Norway has agreed to offer all help.But Russian insisted that only Russians work inside the submarine Kursk and that the work last for about 10～18 working days.It is expected to recover only 25～35 bodies from the Kursk.

　　It was not until October 25，when a team of Russian divers entered the submarine Kursk，some 350 feet below the surface，that truth became clear.On November 7，in the morning，owing to the icy and the cold weather，a special rescue meeting held on Murmansk decided to stop the whole bodies recovering operation.

　　6．From the text we can infer that ________ led to the sinking of the submarine Kursk.

　　A．a(chǎn) small fighting with another foreign submarine

　　B．a(chǎn)n explosion inside the submarine Kursk

　　C．a(chǎn) great collision inside the submarine Kursk

　　D．a(chǎn)n attack from another foreign submarine

　　答案　B

　　解析　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第二句話可知答案。

　　7．After Kursk accident occurred，Northern Fleet Commander Popov ________.

　　A．decided to recover all the sailors’ bodies immediately

　　B．went to apply to Norway for help at once

　　C．decided to find out the real cause of sinking at once

　　D．sent several rescue ships into the Barents Sea

　　答案　D

　　解析　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段倒數(shù)第二句“...Northern Fleet Commander Admiral Vyachesav Popov ordered rescue ships into the area.”可知答案。

　　8．Which of the following is NOT true according to the text?

　　A．If the rescue work did within 10～18 days，there would be about 30 sailors to be recovered.

　　B．It was not believed that there were many nuclear weapons inside the Kursk.

　　C．A team of divers from Norway entered the submarine Kursk successfully on Oct.25.

　　D．It’s reported that a major collision was unlikely to cause the sinking of the Kursk.

　　答案　C

　　解析　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段倒數(shù)第二句話可得出答案。

　　9．Why did Russia insist that only Russian divers can work inside the submarine Kursk?

　　A．Because the Barents Sea is very icy and the weather is too cold.

　　B．Because Russia feared that the top secrets inside the Kursk will be let out.

　　C．Because Russian divers are much more skilled than those from Norway.

　　D．Because Russian government wants to bring the cost down to the lowest degree.

　　答案　B

　　解析　推理判斷題。此題屬考查考生的國(guó)際軍事外交常識(shí)。其中四個(gè)選項(xiàng)文章中均沒(méi)有提及到，但比較四個(gè)選項(xiàng)可以發(fā)現(xiàn)B選項(xiàng)(核潛艇內(nèi)部設(shè)備屬于國(guó)家機(jī)密，不允許別國(guó)的人入內(nèi)，以免泄密)較合情理。

　　10．The underlined words “make contact with” in the first paragraph refers to the idea that the submarine Kursk can’t________.

　　A．get in touch after much effort with the naval command

　　B．send up the nuclear weapons in the training exercises

　　C．get the naval officers to return to the Northern Fleet

　　D．get in touch after much effort with Russian government

　　答案　A

　　解析　詞義猜測(cè)題。從第一段后部分內(nèi)容中可猜出是 the naval command與 submarine Kurst“失去聯(lián)系”后，Northern Fleet Commander估計(jì) submarine Kurst發(fā)生了事故，才派遣搜救船隊(duì)。

　　Ⅱ.微寫作

　　寫作素材

　　1．我在英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)中的主要問(wèn)題如下。

　　2．記單詞難，說(shuō)英語(yǔ)時(shí)緊張。

　　3．希望你能給我一些記生詞的建議。

　　4．在你的幫助下我的英語(yǔ)會(huì)取得很大的進(jìn)步。

　　(素材來(lái)源于2024·四川·書(shū)面表達(dá))

　　提示：盡量使用高級(jí)表達(dá)：as follows；it作形式賓語(yǔ)；狀語(yǔ)從句的省略；do用于強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語(yǔ)；賓語(yǔ)從句等。

　　連句成篇(將以上句子連成一篇50詞左右的英語(yǔ)短文)

　　My main problems in my English study are as follows：I feel it difficult to learn words by heart and I often feel nervous when speaking English.I do hope you can give me some advice on how to memorize new words and I believe I can make much progress in English with your help.

　　1．a(chǎn)ttention n．注意力；照料　pay attention to注意　attract/draw one’s attention吸引某人注意　bring sth.to one’s attention某事引起某人注意

　　2．involve v．包含；需要；牽涉　involve doing...需要做……　get involved in與……有關(guān)　involve sb.in sth.鼓勵(lì)某人參與……

　　3．care for喜歡；照顧　care about介意　with care小心地　take care of照顧

　　4．from all walks of life來(lái)自各行各業(yè)

　　5．It was not until October 25，when a team of Russian divers entered the submarine Kursk，some 350 feet below the surface，that truth became clear.

　　本句為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，強(qiáng)調(diào)until引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，連詞when引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾October_25。some意為“大約”。改為正常句子為：Truth_didn’t_become_clear_until_October_25,when_a_team_of_Russian_divers_entered_the_submarine_Kursk，some_350_feet_below_the_surface.

　　如何處理閱讀理解中生詞量比較多的文章？

　　1．巧妙繞開(kāi)生詞

　　也就是說(shuō)，只要我們總體上把握了文章的意思，不必認(rèn)識(shí)每一個(gè)單詞也能理解整篇文章。(1)英語(yǔ)文章中不是所有的詞的功能都是同等的，有些詞擔(dān)負(fù)著傳達(dá)主要信息的功能，而有些詞主要起語(yǔ)法作用或傳達(dá)的信息和下文的其他信息沒(méi)有聯(lián)系。這類詞有：表示人名、地名、機(jī)構(gòu)名等的專有名詞。遇到這些詞，只要能辨認(rèn)出它是專有名詞，就能理解文章而不必知道它的意思。(2)不必認(rèn)識(shí)每一個(gè)單詞的另一原因是，它們的后面往往有一個(gè)同位語(yǔ)來(lái)解釋意思，或者讀者可根據(jù)上下文的其他信息來(lái)幫助判斷。這類信息有：同位語(yǔ)、下定義、解釋、舉例、同義詞、反義詞、構(gòu)詞法以及標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)(如破折號(hào)、冒號(hào)都表示解釋和說(shuō)明)等。

　　2．學(xué)會(huì)只猜測(cè)生詞的大概意義，而不去追求其準(zhǔn)確含義。

　　例如：The Asian gibbon，like other apes，is specially adapted for life in trees.只要猜出gibbon是ape的一種就行，不需知道其準(zhǔn)確意思。再如本節(jié)中的B篇文章中生詞量比較大，有些生詞我們沒(méi)必要知道其確切意義，只知其大概意義即可。

　　3．通過(guò)上下文猜測(cè)詞義，可以利用某一生詞前后出現(xiàn)的其他單詞的意思或整個(gè)句子的意思來(lái)猜測(cè)生詞，也可利用語(yǔ)法知識(shí)和標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)來(lái)猜測(cè)，或者利用說(shuō)明詞義的定語(yǔ)從句或同位語(yǔ)從句來(lái)猜測(cè)。如B篇中On Saturday August 12,2000，during Northern Fleet training

　　exercises in the Barents Sea，the Russian nuclear submarine Kursk sank in about 100 meters of water with some 118 sailors aboard.通過(guò)資訊知識(shí)和上下文語(yǔ)境我們知道，本文描述的是2000年8月12日，俄羅斯的一艘潛水艇連同120余名官兵沉入Barents海100多米的水底的故事，所以我們可以大體上猜測(cè)一下submarine的意義。

　　2024屆高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí) 語(yǔ)篇微寫作強(qiáng)化系列Test16精選導(dǎo)學(xué)案 北師大版

　　Ⅰ.閱讀理解

　　A

　　A senior United Nations Children’s Fund(UNICEF) official on May 29 praised China for its remarkable achievements in children’s welfare(福利)．

　　A．H.M.Farook，UNICEF’s operations area officer for China and Mongolia said that China “can be very satisfied to tell the whole world what can be done with limited resources to help its children to grow healthily and happily.”

　　China’s child population makes up one-fifth of the world’s total.“The reason behind the tremendous(巨大的) achievement is China’s long tradition of caring for children both at home and in society，” he said.

　　“What’s more is that Chinese people have always given special attention to children who are in special need.” The UN official made the remarks when addressing a group of 50 children and staff from the Beijing Children’s Welfare Home at the Shangri-la Hotel，Beijing.

　　The hotel invited the orphans to share snacks(小吃)，sing，dance and play games at a park inside the hotel for a “Share the Sunshine” party，as a prelude(前奏) to celebrations to mark the Children’s Day.

　　The Beijing children’s Welfare Home，set up soon after New China was founded in 1949，has at present more than 400 children.

　　A leading official of the welfare institution said that the children live a happy life and that the agency(機(jī)構(gòu)) spends 400—500 yuan a month for an average orphan.An average Chinese workers earned 440 yuan a month during the first quarter this year.

　　Gu Xiaojin，deputy secretary-general of the China Youth Development Foundation(CYDF)，said people from all walks of life have contributed to the welfare of the Chinese children.

　　She said that CYDF set up the Project Hope in 1989，which calls on people across the country to donate money to help poor children to continue their schooling.

　　By the end of last year，she said，CYDF had collected nearly 700 million yuan in donations，which has helped the establishment of 2,074 Hope Primary Schools and enabled more than 1.25 million dropouts to return to school classrooms.

　　Three “Hope Stars” also attended the party.They were model teenagers chosen among students who are economically supported by the Project Hope to further their nine-year compulsory(義務(wù)) studies in the poverty-stricken regions.They will be torchbearers(火炬接力者) for the Chinese Team for the coming Atlanta Olympic Games this year.

　　1．Children can grow healthily and happily as long as ________.

　　A．parents take good care of them both at home and in society

　　B．the whole society care for children as well as their parents

　　C．schools and teachers pay much attention to the growth of children

　　D．Chinese people always give special attention to children who are in special need

　　答案　B

　　解析　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段得知青少年能健康幸福成長(zhǎng)的條件是社會(huì)和家庭共同關(guān)心小孩，故選 B項(xiàng)。

　　2．Every year the Beijing Children’s Welfare Home spends ________ on the orphans.

　　A．1,920,000 yuan

　　B．2,160,000 yuan

　　C．over 2,400,000 yuan

　　D．2,200,000 yuan or so

　　答案　D

　　解析　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“The Beijing children’s Welfare Home，...has at present spent more than 400 children.”和“...the agency spends 400—500 yuan a month for an average orphan.”可知一年的費(fèi)用在1,920，000 yuan和2,400,000 yuan之間，當(dāng)然也不會(huì)正好是2,160,000 yuan，故答案選D項(xiàng)。

　　3．CYDF collected 700 million yuan with the purpose of ________.

　　A．reducing dropouts

　　B．helping homeless orphans

　　C．supporting the Chinese Team for the coming Atlanta Olympic Games

　　D．establishing 2,074 Hope Primary Schools all over the country

　　答案　A

　　解析　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段可知這筆錢用在貧困地區(qū)建立希望小學(xué)和讓失學(xué)兒童返校。

　　4．We can infer from the text that ________.

　　A．every Chinese child has its own special need，so we should pay special attention to each

　　B．a(chǎn)ll the children in the poverty-stricken regions of China are too poor to go to school

　　C．ever since liberation the Chinese Communist Party has been concerned about the growth of the younger generation

　　D．with the help of UNICEF officials，there are no more dropouts in China

　　答案　C

　　解析　推理判斷題。根據(jù)“The Beijing children’s Welfare Home，set up soon after New China was founded in 1949，has at present more than 400 children.”可知C項(xiàng)為正確答案。

　　5．It is possible that this passage was written in ________.

　　A．1992

　　B．1996

　　C．1998

　　D．2000

　　答案　B

　　解析　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。亞特蘭大奧運(yùn)會(huì)是 1996年召開(kāi)的，再根據(jù)“They will be torchbearers for the Chinese Team for the coming Atlanta Olympic Games this year.”可知這篇文章寫于 1996年，故選B項(xiàng)。

　　B

　　On Saturday August 12,2000，during Northern Fleet training exercises in the Barents Sea，the Russian nuclear submarine Kursk sank in about 100 meters of water with some 118 sailors aboard.It’s known later that several officers were also aboard，observing the training exercises.The Kursk is lying on the ocean floor in the Barents Sea.The Russian Navy said that it was listing 30 degrees to port.Other sources reported it was listing as much 60 as degrees.According to a Russian newspaper，when the submarine Kursk failed to make_contact_with the naval command at the right time later that day，Northern Fleet Commander Admiral Vyachesav Popov ordered rescue ships into the area.It took hours to find the submarine，as it didn’t launch(發(fā)射) a marking buoy(浮) before sinking.

　　Russian Navy Chief insisted that the submarine Kursk had been involved in a major collision(碰撞)，but a great deal of information shows that this is not true.Up till now，it’s believed that an explosion in the torpedo compartment(魚(yú)雷艙) in the nose of the Kursk was the likely cause.Now Russian government officially asked Norway for help in recovering of sailors’ bodies first of all，and Norway has agreed to offer all help.But Russian insisted that only Russians work inside the submarine Kursk and that the work last for about 10～18 working days.It is expected to recover only 25～35 bodies from the Kursk.

　　It was not until October 25，when a team of Russian divers entered the submarine Kursk，some 350 feet below the surface，that truth became clear.On November 7，in the morning，owing to the icy and the cold weather，a special rescue meeting held on Murmansk decided to stop the whole bodies recovering operation.

　　6．From the text we can infer that ________ led to the sinking of the submarine Kursk.

　　A．a(chǎn) small fighting with another foreign submarine

　　B．a(chǎn)n explosion inside the submarine Kursk

　　C．a(chǎn) great collision inside the submarine Kursk

　　D．a(chǎn)n attack from another foreign submarine

　　答案　B

　　解析　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第二句話可知答案。

　　7．After Kursk accident occurred，Northern Fleet Commander Popov ________.

　　A．decided to recover all the sailors’ bodies immediately

　　B．went to apply to Norway for help at once

　　C．decided to find out the real cause of sinking at once

　　D．sent several rescue ships into the Barents Sea

　　答案　D

　　解析　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段倒數(shù)第二句“...Northern Fleet Commander Admiral Vyachesav Popov ordered rescue ships into the area.”可知答案。

　　8．Which of the following is NOT true according to the text?

　　A．If the rescue work did within 10～18 days，there would be about 30 sailors to be recovered.

　　B．It was not believed that there were many nuclear weapons inside the Kursk.

　　C．A team of divers from Norway entered the submarine Kursk successfully on Oct.25.

　　D．It’s reported that a major collision was unlikely to cause the sinking of the Kursk.

　　答案　C

　　解析　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段倒數(shù)第二句話可得出答案。

　　9．Why did Russia insist that only Russian divers can work inside the submarine Kursk?

　　A．Because the Barents Sea is very icy and the weather is too cold.

　　B．Because Russia feared that the top secrets inside the Kursk will be let out.

　　C．Because Russian divers are much more skilled than those from Norway.

　　D．Because Russian government wants to bring the cost down to the lowest degree.

　　答案　B

　　解析　推理判斷題。此題屬考查考生的國(guó)際軍事外交常識(shí)。其中四個(gè)選項(xiàng)文章中均沒(méi)有提及到，但比較四個(gè)選項(xiàng)可以發(fā)現(xiàn)B選項(xiàng)(核潛艇內(nèi)部設(shè)備屬于國(guó)家機(jī)密，不允許別國(guó)的人入內(nèi)，以免泄密)較合情理。

　　10．The underlined words “make contact with” in the first paragraph refers to the idea that the submarine Kursk can’t________.

　　A．get in touch after much effort with the naval command

　　B．send up the nuclear weapons in the training exercises

　　C．get the naval officers to return to the Northern Fleet

　　D．get in touch after much effort with Russian government

　　答案　A

　　解析　詞義猜測(cè)題。從第一段后部分內(nèi)容中可猜出是 the naval command與 submarine Kurst“失去聯(lián)系”后，Northern Fleet Commander估計(jì) submarine Kurst發(fā)生了事故，才派遣搜救船隊(duì)。

　　Ⅱ.微寫作

　　寫作素材

　　1．我在英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)中的主要問(wèn)題如下。

　　2．記單詞難，說(shuō)英語(yǔ)時(shí)緊張。

　　3．希望你能給我一些記生詞的建議。

　　4．在你的幫助下我的英語(yǔ)會(huì)取得很大的進(jìn)步。

　　(素材來(lái)源于2024·四川·書(shū)面表達(dá))

　　提示：盡量使用高級(jí)表達(dá)：as follows；it作形式賓語(yǔ)；狀語(yǔ)從句的省略；do用于強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語(yǔ)；賓語(yǔ)從句等。

　　連句成篇(將以上句子連成一篇50詞左右的英語(yǔ)短文)

　　My main problems in my English study are as follows：I feel it difficult to learn words by heart and I often feel nervous when speaking English.I do hope you can give me some advice on how to memorize new words and I believe I can make much progress in English with your help.

　　1．a(chǎn)ttention n．注意力；照料　pay attention to注意　attract/draw one’s attention吸引某人注意　bring sth.to one’s attention某事引起某人注意

　　2．involve v．包含；需要；牽涉　involve doing...需要做……　get involved in與……有關(guān)　involve sb.in sth.鼓勵(lì)某人參與……

　　3．care for喜歡；照顧　care about介意　with care小心地　take care of照顧

　　4．from all walks of life來(lái)自各行各業(yè)

　　5．It was not until October 25，when a team of Russian divers entered the submarine Kursk，some 350 feet below the surface，that truth became clear.

　　本句為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，強(qiáng)調(diào)until引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，連詞when引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾October_25。some意為“大約”。改為正常句子為：Truth_didn’t_become_clear_until_October_25,when_a_team_of_Russian_divers_entered_the_submarine_Kursk，some_350_feet_below_the_surface.

　　如何處理閱讀理解中生詞量比較多的文章？

　　1．巧妙繞開(kāi)生詞

　　也就是說(shuō)，只要我們總體上把握了文章的意思，不必認(rèn)識(shí)每一個(gè)單詞也能理解整篇文章。(1)英語(yǔ)文章中不是所有的詞的功能都是同等的，有些詞擔(dān)負(fù)著傳達(dá)主要信息的功能，而有些詞主要起語(yǔ)法作用或傳達(dá)的信息和下文的其他信息沒(méi)有聯(lián)系。這類詞有：表示人名、地名、機(jī)構(gòu)名等的專有名詞。遇到這些詞，只要能辨認(rèn)出它是專有名詞，就能理解文章而不必知道它的意思。(2)不必認(rèn)識(shí)每一個(gè)單詞的另一原因是，它們的后面往往有一個(gè)同位語(yǔ)來(lái)解釋意思，或者讀者可根據(jù)上下文的其他信息來(lái)幫助判斷。這類信息有：同位語(yǔ)、下定義、解釋、舉例、同義詞、反義詞、構(gòu)詞法以及標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)(如破折號(hào)、冒號(hào)都表示解釋和說(shuō)明)等。

　　2．學(xué)會(huì)只猜測(cè)生詞的大概意義，而不去追求其準(zhǔn)確含義。

　　例如：The Asian gibbon，like other apes，is specially adapted for life in trees.只要猜出gibbon是ape的一種就行，不需知道其準(zhǔn)確意思。再如本節(jié)中的B篇文章中生詞量比較大，有些生詞我們沒(méi)必要知道其確切意義，只知其大概意義即可。

　　3．通過(guò)上下文猜測(cè)詞義，可以利用某一生詞前后出現(xiàn)的其他單詞的意思或整個(gè)句子的意思來(lái)猜測(cè)生詞，也可利用語(yǔ)法知識(shí)和標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)來(lái)猜測(cè)，或者利用說(shuō)明詞義的定語(yǔ)從句或同位語(yǔ)從句來(lái)猜測(cè)。如B篇中On Saturday August 12,2000，during Northern Fleet training

　　exercises in the Barents Sea，the Russian nuclear submarine Kursk sank in about 100 meters of water with some 118 sailors aboard.通過(guò)資訊知識(shí)和上下文語(yǔ)境我們知道，本文描述的是2000年8月12日，俄羅斯的一艘潛水艇連同120余名官兵沉入Barents海100多米的水底的故事，所以我們可以大體上猜測(cè)一下submarine的意義。