2024屆高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí) Unit4《Earthquakes》詞匯全方位訓(xùn)練1 新人教版必修1
2024屆高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)全方位配套訓(xùn)練人教版必修一Unit 4 Earthquakes詞匯1
1.congratulation;congratulate n.;vt.祝賀；（復(fù)數(shù)）賀詞，祝賀
【常考用法】
offer my congratulations on/upon his success我祝賀他成功
Congratulations （to you）!祝賀你！
many letters in congratulation of his birthday很多祝賀他生日的信件
congratulate you on/upon having done such a good job祝賀你工作完成出色
congratulate him on/upon the birth of his son祝賀他喜得貴子
congratulate you with all my heart我衷心祝賀你
congratulate you on your being elected as President of the General Assembly
祝賀你當(dāng)選本屆大會(huì)主席
【辨析】congratulate與celebrate
（1）congratulate意為“祝賀”，其賓語為人。
（2）celebrate意為“慶祝”，其賓語為物。
【十年高考鏈接】
（1）（2024·江蘇高考）—Don’t worry，Mum.The doctor said it was only the flu.
—
! I’ll tell Dad there’s nothing serious.
A.What a relief B.Congratulations C.How surprising D.I’m so sorry
答案：A
A項(xiàng)意為“這下可放心了”；B項(xiàng)意為“恭喜，祝賀”；C項(xiàng)意為“好奇怪”；D項(xiàng)意為“對不起”。句意：“別擔(dān)心，媽媽。醫(yī)生說只是流感。”“這下可放心了！我將告訴你爸爸你沒事。”母親一直擔(dān)心孩子的病，現(xiàn)在孩子告訴母親只是流感，母親自然是“放心”，故選A。
（2）（2009·山東高考）— John and I will celebrate our fortieth wedding anniversary next month.
—Oh，
!
A.cheer up
B.well done C.go ahead
D.congratulations
答案：D
本題考查交際用語。cheer up“振作起來”，表示鼓勵(lì)；well done干得好；go ahead干吧（做吧，用吧）；congratulations祝賀。根據(jù)上句“我和約翰將在下月慶祝結(jié)婚四十周年紀(jì)念”可知，答語應(yīng)是表示祝賀。
（3）（2008·上海高考）The two sportsmen congratulated each other
winning the match by shaking hands.
A.with
B.on
C.in
D.to
答案：B
本題考查介詞與動(dòng)詞共同構(gòu)成的固定搭配形式。congratulate sb.on （doing） sth.表示“就某事向某人表示祝賀”，是固定搭配形式。
（4）（2008·安徽高考）—I have some big news for you.You’ve been accepted as a member of our club.
—
That’s great!
A.Have I?
B.Pardon?
C.Congratulations!
D.Good idea!
答案：A
考查情景交際。句意：“我有好消息要告訴你。你被接受加入我們的俱樂部了。”“是嗎？太好了！”根據(jù)語境可知應(yīng)選A項(xiàng)。
2.judge n.裁判員，法官vt.斷定，判斷；判決
【常考用法】
as far as I can judge據(jù)我判斷
judging from/by his manner從他的舉止來看
judging from/by what he said由他說的話來判斷
judge them （to be ）the best plays認(rèn)為它們是最好的話劇
judge it safer to go away than to stay認(rèn)為離開比留下安全
judge it of little importance斷定它毫不重要
judge them to have gone斷定他們已經(jīng)走了
judge that the students had finished the exercises估計(jì)學(xué)生們已做完了練習(xí)
too young to judge which is better太年輕，不能判斷哪一個(gè)更好
as a judge作為法官
3.express vt.表示，表達(dá) n.快車；速遞
【常考用法】
change here for an express在這里換乘快車
express the same ideas表達(dá)同一種思想
express my heartfelt gratitude to you again再一次地向大家表示衷心的感謝
express oneself表達(dá)自己的意思
express myself in good English用很好的英語來表達(dá)自己的觀點(diǎn)
the express train快車
express our thought by means of words用詞句來表達(dá)思想
express an opinion發(fā)表意見
express their interest in the project表明自己對這個(gè)項(xiàng)目的興趣
express our heartfelt thanks to you向你表示衷心的感謝
express to you how grateful I am for your help你對我的幫助，我感激不盡
【拓展】
expression n.表情
【十年高考鏈接】
（1）（2024·山東高考）My first
of him was that he was a kind and thoughtful young man.
A.expression B.attention C.satisfaction D.impression
答案：D
首先了解四個(gè)選項(xiàng)的意思。A項(xiàng)表示“表情；表達(dá)；詞語”；B項(xiàng)表示“注意（力）；專心；關(guān)注”；C項(xiàng)表示“滿意，滿足”；D項(xiàng)表示“印象”。由題干中的關(guān)鍵信息he was a kind and thoughtful young man可推知這是“我”對他的“印象”。句意：他給我的第一印象就是，他是一個(gè)和善且關(guān)心別人的年輕人。
（2）（2011·福建高考）I’d prefer to
my judgement until I find all the evidence.
A.show B.express C.pass D.reserve
答案：D
本題考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在我找到所有的證據(jù)之前，我寧愿保留我的看法。show顯示，表明；express表明，表達(dá)；pass傳遞，通過；reserve保留。由句意可知D項(xiàng)正確。
（3）（2011·湖南高考）The ability
an idea is as important as the idea itself.
A.expressing
B.expressed C.to express D.to be expressed
答案：C
本題考查非謂語動(dòng)詞作后置定語。句意：表達(dá)觀點(diǎn)的能力和觀點(diǎn)本身同等重要。ability后通常跟動(dòng)詞不定式（短語）作后置定語，故排除A、B兩項(xiàng)；此處the ability與to express是邏輯上的同位關(guān)系，故排除D項(xiàng)。解答這類題時(shí)，一定要弄清該用哪類非謂語動(dòng)詞以及非謂語動(dòng)詞和被修飾詞之間的邏輯關(guān)系。
（4）（2009·江蘇高考）He did not regret saying what he did but felt that he
it differently.
A.could express B.would express C.could have expressed D.must have expressed
答案：C
本題考查虛擬語氣的用法。句意:他并沒有遺憾說了他所做的事情，但是他覺得他本來可以表達(dá)得有所不同。因?yàn)槭菍^去的情況進(jìn)行的一種虛擬，所以用“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+完成時(shí)”這個(gè)形式來表示。
2024屆高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)全方位配套訓(xùn)練人教版必修一Unit 4 Earthquakes詞匯1
1.congratulation;congratulate n.;vt.祝賀；（復(fù)數(shù)）賀詞，祝賀
【常考用法】
offer my congratulations on/upon his success我祝賀他成功
Congratulations （to you）!祝賀你！
many letters in congratulation of his birthday很多祝賀他生日的信件
congratulate you on/upon having done such a good job祝賀你工作完成出色
congratulate him on/upon the birth of his son祝賀他喜得貴子
congratulate you with all my heart我衷心祝賀你
congratulate you on your being elected as President of the General Assembly
祝賀你當(dāng)選本屆大會(huì)主席
【辨析】congratulate與celebrate
（1）congratulate意為“祝賀”，其賓語為人。
（2）celebrate意為“慶祝”，其賓語為物。
【十年高考鏈接】
（1）（2024·江蘇高考）—Don’t worry，Mum.The doctor said it was only the flu.
—
! I’ll tell Dad there’s nothing serious.
A.What a relief B.Congratulations C.How surprising D.I’m so sorry
答案：A
A項(xiàng)意為“這下可放心了”；B項(xiàng)意為“恭喜，祝賀”；C項(xiàng)意為“好奇怪”；D項(xiàng)意為“對不起”。句意：“別擔(dān)心，媽媽。醫(yī)生說只是流感。”“這下可放心了！我將告訴你爸爸你沒事。”母親一直擔(dān)心孩子的病，現(xiàn)在孩子告訴母親只是流感，母親自然是“放心”，故選A。
（2）（2009·山東高考）— John and I will celebrate our fortieth wedding anniversary next month.
—Oh，
!
A.cheer up
B.well done C.go ahead
D.congratulations
答案：D
本題考查交際用語。cheer up“振作起來”，表示鼓勵(lì)；well done干得好；go ahead干吧（做吧，用吧）；congratulations祝賀。根據(jù)上句“我和約翰將在下月慶祝結(jié)婚四十周年紀(jì)念”可知，答語應(yīng)是表示祝賀。
（3）（2008·上海高考）The two sportsmen congratulated each other
winning the match by shaking hands.
A.with
B.on
C.in
D.to
答案：B
本題考查介詞與動(dòng)詞共同構(gòu)成的固定搭配形式。congratulate sb.on （doing） sth.表示“就某事向某人表示祝賀”，是固定搭配形式。
（4）（2008·安徽高考）—I have some big news for you.You’ve been accepted as a member of our club.
—
That’s great!
A.Have I?
B.Pardon?
C.Congratulations!
D.Good idea!
答案：A
考查情景交際。句意：“我有好消息要告訴你。你被接受加入我們的俱樂部了。”“是嗎？太好了！”根據(jù)語境可知應(yīng)選A項(xiàng)。
2.judge n.裁判員，法官vt.斷定，判斷；判決
【常考用法】
as far as I can judge據(jù)我判斷
judging from/by his manner從他的舉止來看
judging from/by what he said由他說的話來判斷
judge them （to be ）the best plays認(rèn)為它們是最好的話劇
judge it safer to go away than to stay認(rèn)為離開比留下安全
judge it of little importance斷定它毫不重要
judge them to have gone斷定他們已經(jīng)走了
judge that the students had finished the exercises估計(jì)學(xué)生們已做完了練習(xí)
too young to judge which is better太年輕，不能判斷哪一個(gè)更好
as a judge作為法官
3.express vt.表示，表達(dá) n.快車；速遞
【常考用法】
change here for an express在這里換乘快車
express the same ideas表達(dá)同一種思想
express my heartfelt gratitude to you again再一次地向大家表示衷心的感謝
express oneself表達(dá)自己的意思
express myself in good English用很好的英語來表達(dá)自己的觀點(diǎn)
the express train快車
express our thought by means of words用詞句來表達(dá)思想
express an opinion發(fā)表意見
express their interest in the project表明自己對這個(gè)項(xiàng)目的興趣
express our heartfelt thanks to you向你表示衷心的感謝
express to you how grateful I am for your help你對我的幫助，我感激不盡
【拓展】
expression n.表情
【十年高考鏈接】
（1）（2024·山東高考）My first
of him was that he was a kind and thoughtful young man.
A.expression B.attention C.satisfaction D.impression
答案：D
首先了解四個(gè)選項(xiàng)的意思。A項(xiàng)表示“表情；表達(dá)；詞語”；B項(xiàng)表示“注意（力）；專心；關(guān)注”；C項(xiàng)表示“滿意，滿足”；D項(xiàng)表示“印象”。由題干中的關(guān)鍵信息he was a kind and thoughtful young man可推知這是“我”對他的“印象”。句意：他給我的第一印象就是，他是一個(gè)和善且關(guān)心別人的年輕人。
（2）（2011·福建高考）I’d prefer to
my judgement until I find all the evidence.
A.show B.express C.pass D.reserve
答案：D
本題考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在我找到所有的證據(jù)之前，我寧愿保留我的看法。show顯示，表明；express表明，表達(dá)；pass傳遞，通過；reserve保留。由句意可知D項(xiàng)正確。
（3）（2011·湖南高考）The ability
an idea is as important as the idea itself.
A.expressing
B.expressed C.to express D.to be expressed
答案：C
本題考查非謂語動(dòng)詞作后置定語。句意：表達(dá)觀點(diǎn)的能力和觀點(diǎn)本身同等重要。ability后通常跟動(dòng)詞不定式（短語）作后置定語，故排除A、B兩項(xiàng)；此處the ability與to express是邏輯上的同位關(guān)系，故排除D項(xiàng)。解答這類題時(shí)，一定要弄清該用哪類非謂語動(dòng)詞以及非謂語動(dòng)詞和被修飾詞之間的邏輯關(guān)系。
（4）（2009·江蘇高考）He did not regret saying what he did but felt that he
it differently.
A.could express B.would express C.could have expressed D.must have expressed
答案：C
本題考查虛擬語氣的用法。句意:他并沒有遺憾說了他所做的事情，但是他覺得他本來可以表達(dá)得有所不同。因?yàn)槭菍^去的情況進(jìn)行的一種虛擬，所以用“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+完成時(shí)”這個(gè)形式來表示。
