【2024高考調(diào)研】（新課標(biāo)·名校調(diào)研）北師大版·英語(yǔ)（高三總復(fù)習(xí)）Unit 7 The sea（課時(shí)作業(yè)）

　　Ⅰ.單項(xiàng)填空

　　1. Chris, please ________ a meeting with Mr. Du for me this evening who came back from Canada yesterday.

　　A. manage

　　B. organize

　　C. plan

　　D. arrange

　　答案

　　D

　　解析

　　考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：克里斯,請(qǐng)安排我今晚與杜先生見面,他是昨天從加拿大回來(lái)的。arrange sth. for sb. “為某人安排某事”，符合語(yǔ)境。

　　2. (2024·杭州模擬)I turned back only to find an old schoolmate whose name ________ me for the moment.

　　A. avoided

　　B. escaped

　　C. failed

　　D. slipped

　　答案

　　B

　　解析

　　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：我轉(zhuǎn)身卻發(fā)現(xiàn)一個(gè)老校友,一時(shí)想不起他的名字了。sth. escape sb. “某人想不起某物”。avoid“避免”; fail“失敗”; slip“滑動(dòng)”。根據(jù)句意選B。

　　3. Those ________ at the meeting included the manager and the secretary.

　　A. presence

　　B. absent

　　C. present

　　D. absence

　　答案

　　C

　　解析

　　考查詞匯辨析。句意：那些出席會(huì)議的人包括經(jīng)理和秘書。present用作形容詞,意為“出席的;在場(chǎng)的”,故選C。

　　4.— Shall we go to the art exhibition right away?

　　— ________.

　　A. It’s your opinion

　　B. I don’t mind

　　C. It’s all up to you

　　D. That’s your decision

　　答案

　　C

　　解析

　　考查情景交際。句意：——我們現(xiàn)在就去參觀藝術(shù)展覽嗎?——完全由你決定。It’s your opinion“那是你的看法”; I don’t mind“我不介意”; It’s all up to you“完全由你決定”; That’s your decision“那是你的決定”。只有C符合句意。

　　5. (2024·寧波模擬)Paper bags produced every year are ________ the world’s production of vehicles.

　　A. three times the weight of

　　B. three times weight of

　　C. as three times heavy as

　　D. three times as heavier as

　　答案

　　A

　　解析

　　考查倍數(shù)表達(dá)法。句意：每年生產(chǎn)的紙袋是世界上生產(chǎn)的車的三倍重。倍數(shù)+the+n.+of ... 為倍數(shù)表達(dá)法的一種,故選A。

　　6. (2024·濰北模擬)They try to ________ him not to smoke so heavily, but he is so stubborn that it seems nothing can change his mind.

　　A. persuade

　　B. suggest

　　C. advise

　　D. command

　　答案

　　A

　　解析

　　考查動(dòng)詞的用法。句意：他們?cè)噲D說(shuō)服他不要抽那么多煙,但他是如此固執(zhí)好像什么也不能改變他的主意。因?yàn)椴淮嬖趕uggest sb. to do的用法,排除B;try to persuade sb. to do sth. 表示

　　“企圖勸說(shuō)某人做某事”,但未說(shuō)服,符合語(yǔ)境; command表“命令”; advise一般不與try to連用。

　　7. (2024·鹽城模擬)— How do you like our city?

　　— It has changed beyond ________ in the past 20 years, a completely new one in front of me.

　　A. realization

　　B. description

　　C. expression

　　D. recognition

　　答案

　　D

　　解析

　　考查名詞辨析。句意：——你認(rèn)為我們的城市怎么樣?——在過(guò)去的二十年中已經(jīng)變得認(rèn)不出來(lái)了,在我面前是一個(gè)全新的城市。change beyond recognition為固定搭配,意為“變得認(rèn)不出來(lái)了”,故選D。

　　8. The company is starting a new advertising campaign to ________ new customers to its stores.

　　A. join

　　B. attract

　　C. stick

　　D. transfer

　　答案

　　B

　　解析

　　句意：這家公司正在開展一項(xiàng)新的廣告運(yùn)動(dòng),目的是吸引新的顧客來(lái)它的商店。join“參加”; attract“吸引”; stick“粘貼”; transfer“轉(zhuǎn)移”。

　　9. The signal for help was ________ by another ship which happened to pass by.

　　A. picked up

　　B. picked off

　　C. picked out

　　D. picked at

　　答案

　　A

　　解析

　　考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：求救信號(hào)被碰巧經(jīng)過(guò)的另一艘船只接收到。pick up“接收”; pick off“摘去”; pick out“認(rèn)出”; pick at“指責(zé)”。根據(jù)句意選A。

　　10. Mathilde and her husband turned the whole room upside down ________ the lost necklace.

　　A. in favor of

　　B. in want of

　　C. in charge of

　　D. in search of

　　答案

　　D

　　解析

　　考查介詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：瑪?shù)贍柕潞退恼煞虬颜麄€(gè)房間弄得亂七八糟以尋找丟失的項(xiàng)鏈。in favor of “贊成;有利于”; in want of“需要”; in charge of“掌管”; in search of“尋找”。根據(jù)句意選D。

　　11. Students are encouraged to ________ the design competition for robots at the university.

　　A. take part

　　B. operate

　　C. join to

　　D. participate in

　　答案

　　D

　　解析

　　句意：在大學(xué)里學(xué)生們被鼓勵(lì)參加機(jī)器人設(shè)計(jì)大賽。take part不及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ),“參加”;operate“操作”;join to“連接”;participate in sth. 意為“參加(某項(xiàng)活動(dòng))”。

　　12. With the help of the government, a large number of people ________ after the earthquake in 2008.

　　A. survived

　　B. suspended

　　C. suffered

　　D. submitted

　　答案

　　A

　　解析

　　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：2008年地震后,在政府的幫助下,許多人存活下來(lái)。survive“幸存;存活”; suspend“使懸浮”; suffer“遭受”; submit“服從”。根據(jù)句意選A。

　　13. (2024·鷹潭模擬)When I wanted to express my thanks to him, words ________ me. I just held his hands firmly and choked.

　　A. left

　　B. fled

　　C. forgot

　　D. escaped

　　答案

　　D

　　解析

　　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：當(dāng)我向他表達(dá)謝意時(shí),我找不到合適的語(yǔ)言。我只是緊緊地握著他的手,說(shuō)不出話來(lái)。sth. escape sb. “某人想不起某物”,故選D。

　　14. — What do you think of the hotel?

　　— Wonderful. You couldn’t have found ________.

　　A. a good one

　　B. a better one

　　C. a best one

　　D. the best

　　答案

　　B

　　解析

　　考查形容詞的比較級(jí)和否定詞連用,表達(dá)最高級(jí)含義。答句意思是“棒極了,你不可能找到比這更好的旅館了”。

　　15. If Barry can’t ________ it to the airport, we have to go without him.

　　A. got

　　B. took

　　C. sent

　　D. made

　　答案

　　D

　　解析

　　考查固定短語(yǔ)。句意：如果巴里無(wú)法及時(shí)趕到機(jī)場(chǎng)，我們只好不等他就走了。make it to ...“及時(shí)／成功趕到某地”。

　　Ⅱ.閱讀理解

　　For millions of years, sharks have been the kings of the oceans, the top of the food chain. But these days, the hunter has become the hunted, because of better methods from commercial fishermen who are looking for fins(魚鰭)to make expensive soup sold mostly in Asia. Shark fins are far more valuable than shark meat, so fishermen cut the fins off live fish and throw the sharks overboard to maximize the catch they bring back.

　　Shark finning is illegal in the United States, but there’re tournament sport fishermen, who target and kill the biggest ones they take from the sea. These tournaments, the prizes of which can reach ＄5 000 or more, attract large crowds of anglers but also draw protests from animal rights groups and environmentalists.

　　The competitors say they are enjoying a fun and legal sport, the impact on the overall shark population is very small, and most of the sharks caught are returned to the ocean. Dave Johnson, who is from Kennebunkport, Maine, said no one ever comes close to the limit set by the government of killing one shark per day during the three month season.

　　“I enjoy watching these animals, but I also enjoy catching and releasing(釋放)them, and very rarely killing them and eating them,”he said. “If I thought killing one shark was endangering(危及)the species and contributing to their decline I’d stop doing it tomorrow.”

　　That is exactly what marine biologists like Luke Tipple want to happen. “I believe that they should just stop it. In fact, we don’t need to be targeting, in any way, any of these threatened populations，” he said. Up to 73 million sharks are killed annually, and many species are at risk of extinction(滅絕).

　　1. Fishermen throw the sharks back into the sea after catching them to ________.

　　A. drop useless shark meat

　　B. let them grow new fins

　　C. avoid law punishment

　　D. make higher profits

　　2. The undertined word“anglers”in Paragraph 2 refers to ________.

　　A. angry animal activists

　　B. tournament organizers

　　C. commercial fishermen

　　D. lovers of shark fishing

　　3. Johnson’s words suggest that ________.

　　A. he opposes killing sharks

　　B. he will soon quit the hobby

　　C. he believes sharks are endangered 

　　D. he feels his behavior is of little harm

　　4. In Tipple’s opinion, ________.

　　A. no shark should be caught or killed

　　B. the tournaments should target common species

　　C. sport fishermen should release sharks in time 

　　D. more strict limits should be set by the government

　　答案與解析

　　【語(yǔ)篇解讀】

　　本文為一篇說(shuō)明文。鯊魚，令海洋動(dòng)物膽寒的“冷面殺手”，如今卻成了某些人緊追不舍的獵物。

　　1. 答案

　　D

　　解析

　　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“fishermen cut the fins off live fish and throw the sharks overboard to maximize the catch they bring back.”可知，漁民把割掉鰭的鯊魚扔回海中，是為了節(jié)省船上的空間，以存放更多的鯊魚鰭，從而獲得更大的收益。

　　2. 答案

　　D

　　解析

　　詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段的描述可知，該詞指的是“鯊魚捕釣愛好者”。

　　3. 答案

　　D

　　解析

　　推理判斷題。由第三、四段約翰遜的話可推斷出，他把捕到的鯊魚大部分放生，很少殺掉，他認(rèn)為自己的行為沒(méi)多大危害。

　　4. 答案

　　A

　　解析

　　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。最后一段第一句話“That is exactly what marine biologists like Luke Tipple want to happen.”承接上文“I’d stop doing it tomorrow.”的含義。結(jié)合“we don’t need to be targeting, in any way ....”的含義可推斷出，蒂波的意見是一條鯊魚也不應(yīng)該捕撈和獵殺。

　　In Psychology Today, writer Carlin Flora suggests that America’s fascination with celebrity is a symptom of a larger cultural obsession with the three A’s-affluence(富有), attractiveness and achievement. Celebrities seem to represent all of these.

　　Affluence, attractiveness and achievement are understandably desirable, and certainly not harmful，but fixation on these can sometimes divert individuals, especially young people, from other values, such as community, charity and dommitment.

　　If you want your children to grow up with an understanding that looks aren’t everything, that we can’t buy happiness, and that we are more than the sum of our achievements and failures, then they will need critical thinking skills. Educators and psychologists say these skills will help children deconstruct the mixed messages they get from celebrity-crazed media.

　　Here are some tips to help parents to teach critical thinking to their kids.

　　Resist putting a television and computer in your children’s room. This allows them to watch without care. It is better for you to know what they’re watching; that way you can discuss the programs.

　　Encourage your children to think about their favorite shows and media personalities. Why do they like them? Do they reflect the values of their family, school, community or church? Speculate about the real lives of some of the celebrities they love. Would they really want to be like Paris Hilton or Jessica Simpson?

　　Ask your children to talk about the kinds of things they like best about the people they know, including their own friends, family members, teachers and coaches. Is it that they’re famous and rich and pretty? Or is it that they’re funny, helpful, caring, friendly and smart?

　　Encourage kids to be skeptical. Get them to ask questions such as “Is the only reason I’m interested in that person on TV is because he is on TV?”

　　Stay current with the programs, music and video games your kids are consuming. It’s the only way you’ll be able to have intelligent and informed discussions with them about the people and images they’re exposed to. It’s the only way you’ll know what they’re thinking, and the only way you can help them think more critically.

　　5. The main purpose of the text is to ________.

　　A. explain why children are addicted to celebrity culture

　　B. advise how to guide children through celebrity culture

　　C. tell us what attitude children should have towards celebrities

　　D. explain the importance of critical thinking skills

　　6. The author believes the fixation on the three A’s will _______.

　　A. direct children to right values

　　B. do harm to children completely

　　C. make children neglect other important values

　　D. make children form their own ideas ahout celebrities

　　7. Children are asked to talk about the kinds of things they like best about the people they know so that they can ________.

　　A. realize only common people can be happy

　　B. see who is more helpful to them

　　C. realize celebrities are common people too

　　D. find good qualities in common people

　　8. Which of the following can help your children think more critically?

　　A. Let them focus on studying.

　　B. Have a discussion with them about their schoollife.

　　C. Ask them to think about the real reasons why they like the celebrities.

　　D. Let them compare the people around with themselves.