2024高考英語(yǔ)二輪精選基礎(chǔ)詞匯及語(yǔ)法知識(shí)強(qiáng)化系列（15）及答案

　　Ⅰ.品句填詞

　　1．The contrast of the computer screen is too low，please____________(調(diào)整)it.

　　答案：adjust

　　2．Some soldiers ____________(交叉) their arms while they walk.

　　答案：fold

　　3．He walked about whole nation in the next ____________(十年)．

　　答案：decade

　　4．The twists and turns on the mountain road ____________(與……相似)the shape of a huge snake.

　　答案：resemble

　　5．I cannot ____________(保證)to deliver your goods within a week.

　　答案：guarantee

　　6．We were ____________(激動(dòng)的，興奮的)to hear his exciting story.

　　答案：thrilled

　　7．After a long ____________(缺席)，she came back to work again.

　　答案：absence

　　8．I made some ____________(購(gòu)買物)in the supermarket yesterday.

　　答案：purchases

　　9．Don’t laugh at others，which ____________(使窘迫)others.

　　答案：embarrasses

　　10．She broke the dish on ____________(目的，意圖)just to show her anger.

　　答案：purpose

　?、?完成句子

　　1．你是故意打壞花瓶的，還是無(wú)意打壞了它？

　　Did you break the vase by accident or________ ________？

　　答案：on purpose

　　2．那種新方法很易于理解，很多工人很快就熟練掌握了。

　　The new method________ ________and many workers became very skillful at it soon.

　　答案：caught on

　　3．瑪麗發(fā)現(xiàn)自己很難適應(yīng)夜間工作。

　　Mary found ________ ________ ________ ________ ________working at night.

　　答案：it hard to adjust to

　　4．我們祝賀他通過(guò)了考試。

　　We ________him ________ ________the exam.

　　答案：congratulated；on passing

　　5．簡(jiǎn)單地說(shuō)，如果你要成功就必須努力工作。

　　________ ________ ________simply，you must work hard if you want to be successful.

　　答案：To put it

　　.易錯(cuò)模塊

　　1．The disc，digitally________in the studio，sounded fantastic at the party that night.

　　A．recordedB．recording

　　C．to be recorded

　　D．having recorded

　　解析：選A。由語(yǔ)境可知，所選項(xiàng)應(yīng)該在句中作定語(yǔ)，且表示被動(dòng)和完成，故選擇A。

　　2．Don’t use words，expressions or phrases________only to people with specific knowledge.

　　A．being known

　　B．having being known

　　C．to be known

　　D．known

　　解析：選D。這里是過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句which are known...，故用過(guò)去分詞。

　　3．The Town Hall ________in the 1800’s was the most distinguished building at that time.

　　A．to be completed

　　B．having been completed

　　C．completed

　　D．being completed

　　解析：選C。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，所選項(xiàng)應(yīng)該在句中作定語(yǔ)，且表示被動(dòng)和完成，故用過(guò)去分詞。B項(xiàng)，現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式不能作定語(yǔ)；A項(xiàng)，不定式表將來(lái)；D項(xiàng)，現(xiàn)在分詞表示正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，均不符合題意。

　　4．“Things ________never come again！”I couldn’t help talking to myself.

　　A．lost

　　B．losing

　　C．to lose

　　D．having lost

　　解析：選A。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，所選項(xiàng)應(yīng)該在句中作定語(yǔ)，排除D；lose與邏輯主語(yǔ)things是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故用過(guò)去分詞。

　　5．Five people won the “China’s Green Figure”award，a title ________to ordinary people for their contributions to environmental protection.

　　A．being given

　　B．is given

　　C．given

　　D．was given

　　解析： 選C。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，空格處為定語(yǔ)修飾a title，排除B、D；give與title之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，表示一般情況，不表示正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，故用過(guò)去分詞充當(dāng)定語(yǔ)。

　　.語(yǔ)法專練

　　1．(·高考遼寧卷)When the news came

　　________the war broke out, he decided to serve in the army.

　　A．since

　　B．which

　　C．that

　　D．because

　　解析：選C。考查同位語(yǔ)從句。句意：當(dāng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)爆發(fā)的消息傳來(lái)時(shí)，他決定去參軍。此處的“

　　the war broke out”解釋說(shuō)明the news的具體內(nèi)容，且從句中不缺少成分，故為同位語(yǔ)從句，用that連接。

　　2．(·高考天津卷)Modern science has given clear evidence ________ smoking can lead to many diseases.

　　A．what

　　B．which

　　C．that

　　D．where

　　解析：選C?？疾槊~性從句中的同位語(yǔ)從句。句意為：現(xiàn)代科學(xué)已經(jīng)給出了明確的證據(jù)：吸煙可能引起許多疾病。

　　3．(2024·南京調(diào)研)—Go and have great fun！I will cope with________you leave to me properly.

　　—Thanks a lot.

　　A．why

　　B．when

　　C．what

　　D．which

　　解析：選C。這里考查what引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句，what在從句中作賓語(yǔ)。leave sth.to sb.將某事留給某人處理。句意：——好好玩吧！我會(huì)把你交給我的事情處理好的?！x謝。

　　4．(·鄭州畢業(yè)班質(zhì)量預(yù)測(cè))A plan has been put forward________more graduates should go to work in the country this year.

　　A．when

　　B．that

　　C．whether

　　D．how

　　解析：選B?？疾橥徽Z(yǔ)從句。句意：一個(gè)計(jì)劃已經(jīng)被提出，更多的畢業(yè)生今年應(yīng)到農(nóng)村工作。從空格處到句末是同位語(yǔ)從句，用來(lái)解釋說(shuō)明a plan的具體內(nèi)容。

　　5．(2024·皖南八校聯(lián)考)—Mary looks down today.What is up?

　　—Well ，________happened between Mary and me is none of your business.

　　A．wherever

　　B．whoever

　　C．whatever

　　D．no matter what

　　解析：選C。whatever引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句，whatever在從句中作主語(yǔ)。

　　6．(2024·合肥教學(xué)檢測(cè))Many parents feel that their child’s IQ is________determines how well they are going to do in their future life.

　　A．what

　　B．that

　　C．which

　　D．where

　　解析：選A。what在賓語(yǔ)從句中作is的表語(yǔ)，又在表語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)，具有雙重功能。

　　7．By improving reading skills，you can read faster and understand more of________you once thought impossible to understand.

　　A．that

　　B．what

　　C．which

　　D．whether

　　解析：選B。考查名詞性從句。句意：通過(guò)提高閱讀技能，你可以讀得更快，并且對(duì)你曾經(jīng)認(rèn)為不可能理解的東西理解得更多。

　　8．(·泉州培元期中考)—I phoned your home at around 9 yesterday evening.Why didn’t you answer it?

　　—Really？Oh，now I remember；it was________I was taking a bath.

　　A．when

　　B．which

　　C．where

　　D．what

　　解析：選A。句意：——昨晚九點(diǎn)左右我給你家打電話，你怎么不接電話?。俊豢赡堋Ｅ叮蚁肫饋?lái)了，當(dāng)時(shí)我在洗澡。本題考查表語(yǔ)從句的用法，根據(jù)上下文可知A為正確答案。when＝the time when...。

　　9．There is a saying ________swimming is a good way to keep fit.

　　A．which

　　B．what

　　C．that

　　D．where

　　解析：選C?？疾橥徽Z(yǔ)從句。swimming is a good way to keep fit是saying的具體內(nèi)容。從句中不缺少任何成分，所以排除A、B、D項(xiàng)。再依據(jù)句意可知答案為C。

　　10．(2024·西城區(qū)抽樣)After ten years’ absence she came back，only to find her old house was not ________ it used to be.

　　A．which

　　B．what

　　C．when

　　D．how

　　解析：選B?？疾楸碚Z(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞。從句子結(jié)構(gòu)看，該詞要引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句并充當(dāng)該表語(yǔ)從句中be動(dòng)詞的表語(yǔ)，所以用what。what在此相當(dāng)于the house that。

　　2024高考英語(yǔ)二輪精選基礎(chǔ)詞匯及語(yǔ)法知識(shí)強(qiáng)化系列（15）及答案

　?、?品句填詞

　　1．The contrast of the computer screen is too low，please____________(調(diào)整)it.

　　答案：adjust

　　2．Some soldiers ____________(交叉) their arms while they walk.

　　答案：fold

　　3．He walked about whole nation in the next ____________(十年)．

　　答案：decade

　　4．The twists and turns on the mountain road ____________(與……相似)the shape of a huge snake.

　　答案：resemble

　　5．I cannot ____________(保證)to deliver your goods within a week.

　　答案：guarantee

　　6．We were ____________(激動(dòng)的，興奮的)to hear his exciting story.

　　答案：thrilled

　　7．After a long ____________(缺席)，she came back to work again.

　　答案：absence

　　8．I made some ____________(購(gòu)買物)in the supermarket yesterday.

　　答案：purchases

　　9．Don’t laugh at others，which ____________(使窘迫)others.

　　答案：embarrasses

　　10．She broke the dish on ____________(目的，意圖)just to show her anger.

　　答案：purpose

　　Ⅱ.完成句子

　　1．你是故意打壞花瓶的，還是無(wú)意打壞了它？

　　Did you break the vase by accident or________ ________？

　　答案：on purpose

　　2．那種新方法很易于理解，很多工人很快就熟練掌握了。

　　The new method________ ________and many workers became very skillful at it soon.

　　答案：caught on

　　3．瑪麗發(fā)現(xiàn)自己很難適應(yīng)夜間工作。

　　Mary found ________ ________ ________ ________ ________working at night.

　　答案：it hard to adjust to

　　4．我們祝賀他通過(guò)了考試。

　　We ________him ________ ________the exam.

　　答案：congratulated；on passing

　　5．簡(jiǎn)單地說(shuō)，如果你要成功就必須努力工作。

　　________ ________ ________simply，you must work hard if you want to be successful.

　　答案：To put it

　　.易錯(cuò)模塊

　　1．The disc，digitally________in the studio，sounded fantastic at the party that night.

　　A．recordedB．recording

　　C．to be recorded

　　D．having recorded

　　解析：選A。由語(yǔ)境可知，所選項(xiàng)應(yīng)該在句中作定語(yǔ)，且表示被動(dòng)和完成，故選擇A。

　　2．Don’t use words，expressions or phrases________only to people with specific knowledge.

　　A．being known

　　B．having being known

　　C．to be known

　　D．known

　　解析：選D。這里是過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句which are known...，故用過(guò)去分詞。

　　3．The Town Hall ________in the 1800’s was the most distinguished building at that time.

　　A．to be completed

　　B．having been completed

　　C．completed

　　D．being completed

　　解析：選C。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，所選項(xiàng)應(yīng)該在句中作定語(yǔ)，且表示被動(dòng)和完成，故用過(guò)去分詞。B項(xiàng)，現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式不能作定語(yǔ)；A項(xiàng)，不定式表將來(lái)；D項(xiàng)，現(xiàn)在分詞表示正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，均不符合題意。

　　4．“Things ________never come again！”I couldn’t help talking to myself.

　　A．lost

　　B．losing

　　C．to lose

　　D．having lost

　　解析：選A。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，所選項(xiàng)應(yīng)該在句中作定語(yǔ)，排除D；lose與邏輯主語(yǔ)things是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故用過(guò)去分詞。

　　5．Five people won the “China’s Green Figure”award，a title ________to ordinary people for their contributions to environmental protection.

　　A．being given

　　B．is given

　　C．given

　　D．was given

　　解析： 選C。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，空格處為定語(yǔ)修飾a title，排除B、D；give與title之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，表示一般情況，不表示正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，故用過(guò)去分詞充當(dāng)定語(yǔ)。

　　.語(yǔ)法專練

　　1．(·高考遼寧卷)When the news came

　　________the war broke out, he decided to serve in the army.

　　A．since

　　B．which

　　C．that

　　D．because

　　解析：選C?？疾橥徽Z(yǔ)從句。句意：當(dāng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)爆發(fā)的消息傳來(lái)時(shí)，他決定去參軍。此處的“

　　the war broke out”解釋說(shuō)明the news的具體內(nèi)容，且從句中不缺少成分，故為同位語(yǔ)從句，用that連接。

　　2．(·高考天津卷)Modern science has given clear evidence ________ smoking can lead to many diseases.

　　A．what

　　B．which

　　C．that

　　D．where

　　解析：選C?？疾槊~性從句中的同位語(yǔ)從句。句意為：現(xiàn)代科學(xué)已經(jīng)給出了明確的證據(jù)：吸煙可能引起許多疾病。

　　3．(2024·南京調(diào)研)—Go and have great fun！I will cope with________you leave to me properly.

　　—Thanks a lot.

　　A．why

　　B．when

　　C．what

　　D．which

　　解析：選C。這里考查what引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句，what在從句中作賓語(yǔ)。leave sth.to sb.將某事留給某人處理。句意：——好好玩吧！我會(huì)把你交給我的事情處理好的?！x謝。

　　4．(·鄭州畢業(yè)班質(zhì)量預(yù)測(cè))A plan has been put forward________more graduates should go to work in the country this year.

　　A．when

　　B．that

　　C．whether

　　D．how

　　解析：選B?？疾橥徽Z(yǔ)從句。句意：一個(gè)計(jì)劃已經(jīng)被提出，更多的畢業(yè)生今年應(yīng)到農(nóng)村工作。從空格處到句末是同位語(yǔ)從句，用來(lái)解釋說(shuō)明a plan的具體內(nèi)容。

　　5．(2024·皖南八校聯(lián)考)—Mary looks down today.What is up?

　　—Well ，________happened between Mary and me is none of your business.

　　A．wherever

　　B．whoever

　　C．whatever

　　D．no matter what

　　解析：選C。whatever引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句，whatever在從句中作主語(yǔ)。

　　6．(2024·合肥教學(xué)檢測(cè))Many parents feel that their child’s IQ is________determines how well they are going to do in their future life.

　　A．what

　　B．that

　　C．which

　　D．where

　　解析：選A。what在賓語(yǔ)從句中作is的表語(yǔ)，又在表語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)，具有雙重功能。

　　7．By improving reading skills，you can read faster and understand more of________you once thought impossible to understand.

　　A．that

　　B．what

　　C．which

　　D．whether

　　解析：選B?？疾槊~性從句。句意：通過(guò)提高閱讀技能，你可以讀得更快，并且對(duì)你曾經(jīng)認(rèn)為不可能理解的東西理解得更多。

　　8．(·泉州培元期中考)—I phoned your home at around 9 yesterday evening.Why didn’t you answer it?

　　—Really？Oh，now I remember；it was________I was taking a bath.

　　A．when

　　B．which

　　C．where

　　D．what

　　解析：選A。句意：——昨晚九點(diǎn)左右我給你家打電話，你怎么不接電話?。俊豢赡堋Ｅ叮蚁肫饋?lái)了，當(dāng)時(shí)我在洗澡。本題考查表語(yǔ)從句的用法，根據(jù)上下文可知A為正確答案。when＝the time when...。

　　9．There is a saying ________swimming is a good way to keep fit.

　　A．which

　　B．what

　　C．that

　　D．where

　　解析：選C?？疾橥徽Z(yǔ)從句。swimming is a good way to keep fit是saying的具體內(nèi)容。從句中不缺少任何成分，所以排除A、B、D項(xiàng)。再依據(jù)句意可知答案為C。

　　10．(2024·西城區(qū)抽樣)After ten years’ absence she came back，only to find her old house was not ________ it used to be.

　　A．which

　　B．what

　　C．when

　　D．how

　　解析：選B?？疾楸碚Z(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞。從句子結(jié)構(gòu)看，該詞要引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句并充當(dāng)該表語(yǔ)從句中be動(dòng)詞的表語(yǔ)，所以用what。what在此相當(dāng)于the house that。