Module 3

　　Adventure in Literature and the Cinema

　　Explanations for new words and phrases

　　1、have connection with與……有聯(lián)系/有關(guān)聯(lián)connection前可加a/some/much/(a)little/no等修飾詞表不同含義，如與…有某種/一些/較多的/很少的/沒有任何聯(lián)系(關(guān)聯(lián))等。當(dāng)詢問“是一種什么樣的關(guān)系”時(shí)，多用what進(jìn)行提問。

　　[教材P21]　a story which has no connection with reality　 一個(gè)和現(xiàn)實(shí)毫無關(guān)聯(lián)的故事

　　Does smoking have connection with his lung cancer?吸煙和他的肺癌有關(guān)系嗎？

　　His illness must have some connection with his diet.

　　他的病想必與他的飲食有關(guān)。

　　have a wide connection with the press.

　　他與資訊界有廣泛的聯(lián)系。

　　What connection do you have with those shipping companies? 與那些船運(yùn)公司有著什么往來關(guān)系？

　　拓展in connection with 關(guān)于，與…有關(guān)系be connected with 與…有聯(lián)系have something to do with 與…有關(guān)系be related to 與…有關(guān)系be involved in 與…有牽連I am writing to you in connection with your job application. 此信是有關(guān)你求職一事的。

　　Your cough is connected with your bathing with cool water. 咳嗽與你用涼水洗澡有關(guān)。This broken vase has nothing to do with me, but it just might have something to do with Susan.

　　爸爸，這個(gè)打破的花瓶跟我不相干，不過可能和蘇珊有關(guān)系。素質(zhì)有關(guān)。

　　People's understanding of the rule of law is related to their educational level. 法制觀念與人們的文化

　　solve： vt. 解決。賓語多為problem，difficulty，conflict，dispute等詞。The government is trying to solve the problem of pollution. 政府正在解決污染問題。

　　Each student should help each other to solve the difficulties in life and learning.

　　同學(xué)之間應(yīng)該互相幫助，共同解決在生活中和學(xué)習(xí)中遇到的困難。

　　拓展 solution：n. 解決辦法；處理手段

　　a solution to sth.： 解決…的辦法There’s no easy solution to this problem. 解決這個(gè)問題沒有容易的方法。的辦法。

　　It may take a long time to find a solution to the problem. 也許要花很長時(shí)間才能找到解決這個(gè)問題

　　辨析answer：回答，解答用于對口頭問題的解答，后常接question。

　　solve解決問題，側(cè)重的是給出一個(gè)答案。 常跟的賓語有：problem，mystery，puzzle，difficulty等。

　　settle表“解決”時(shí)，其對象通常是某種爭端。 其賓語常是：argument，quarrel，matter等。

　　Help me to slove my financial troubles.As far as we’re concerned, the matter is settled.

　　Do you think he will answer your question?

　　3、account：

　　同練P54-3

　　1) n. 敘述；描寫；報(bào)道；賬目單；賬戶a true account of the past對過去的真實(shí)描述短語give sb.an account of 向某人描述by/from all accounts據(jù)說，據(jù)報(bào)道on account of 因?yàn)椋捎趏n all accounts == on every account 總之無論如何on no account 決不(句首時(shí)句子要倒)take...into account把…考慮在內(nèi)take no account of對…不予考慮不重視open an account開戶頭The policeman gave an account of the traffic accident. 警察敘述了交通事故的經(jīng)過。

　　There were several different accounts of the story in the newspapers.報(bào)上對此事有幾種不同的說法。

　　I have never been therebut it is by all accounts a lovely place. 從沒去過那地方說那地方很好。

　　We delayed our departure on account of the bad weather. 天氣不好，我們把啟程的時(shí)間推遲了。

　　On no account should you lose heart. 你決不應(yīng)該失去信心。

　　When judging his performancedon’t take his age into account. 評定他的表現(xiàn)時(shí)，不必考慮他的年齡。He has an account with the Bank of China. 他在中國銀行有賬戶。

　　My salary is paid directly into my bank account. 我的工資直接存入我的銀行賬戶。

　　2) vi. 把...視為解釋說明；占(一定數(shù)量或比例)account for 解釋說明；占(比例等)He was accounted a first-rate actor. 他被認(rèn)為是一流演員。

　　Can you account for your absence last Friday?

　　你能解釋一下上周五你為什么缺勤嗎？

　　He could not account for his absence from school. 他無法說清楚為什么曠課。事故占了20.5%。

　　Accidents involving two women drivers account for 20.5 percent of all crashes. 兩個(gè)女司機(jī)相撞的

　　run away：(秘密地)逃跑，逃離；突然離開動(dòng)副結(jié)構(gòu)跟賓語時(shí)要加from。[教材P21]　Huck is a teenage boy who has run away from home.

　　哈克是一個(gè)離家出走的少年。

　　When he got back home he apologized and promised that he would never run away again.

　　他回家以后，表示道歉，并且保證以后再也不跑了。常用短語run away from some place 突然離開(某地)；逃離(某地)run away from sth.逃避/回避某事。

　　He broke the window and ran away. 他打破窗戶逃跑了。

　　He ran away from the prison though the enemy watched carefully. 盡管敵人看管得很緊他還是從

　　You can’t just run away from the situation. 這事你不能只是回避。監(jiān)獄里逃跑了。

　　拓展run after 追趕追求

　　run across＝run into (sb.) 偶遇run into 偶遇；撞上run out (指供應(yīng)品)用完；耗盡run out of (人)用完耗盡(供應(yīng)品)

　　He ran after her, calling her name. 他叫著她的名字追趕她。

　　I ran across my old friend Joan in Paris last week. 上周我在巴黎遇見了老朋友瓊。

　　I ran into an old schoolfriend at the supermarket this morning. 今天早上我在超市碰見了一個(gè)老校友。

　　Do your homework before you run out of time. 在你還有時(shí)間時(shí)做你的家庭作業(yè)吧。

　　O汽油快用完了。We are running out of petrol. 我們的汽油快用完了。

　　傾倒涌出It was pouring all night. 整夜下著傾盆大雨。She poured a glass of water. 她倒了一杯水。He poured me a cup of tea. 他給我倒了一杯茶。

　　After the meeting the people poured out in crowds. 散會后人們成群地涌出來。The chimney was pouring out black smoke. 煙囪里冒出滾滾黑煙。

　　6、遮蔽避難所庇護(hù)所 vt./vi. 掩蔽庇護(hù)保護(hù)躲避避難Trees are a shelter from the sun. 樹木可以遮擋陽光。

　　We took shelter from the rain in a cave. 我們在一個(gè)山洞里避雨。We sheltered under a tree until the shower passed. 我們在樹下躲雨, 直到雨過天晴He sheltered himself behind a hedge. 他躲在樹籬后面。7、用槳?jiǎng)澬〈虡猅hey paddled down the river in a canoe /k?′nu:/?. 他們坐在獨(dú)木舟上向下游劃去。Paddles are used to propel /pr?′pel/ canoes. 短槳用于劃獨(dú)木舟。

　　lie：1) vi. 說謊；撒謊過去式和過去分詞都是liedlie to sb. 向某人說謊

　　You could see from his face that he was lying. 從他的表情上你可以看出他在說謊。

　　He was fired because he lied to his boss. 他因?yàn)閷习逭f謊被開除了。

　　More than 8 in 10 students said they had lied to a parent. 10名學(xué)生中就有8名以上承認(rèn)對家長撒過謊。

　　2) n. [C] 撒謊謊言tell a lie / lies。 big lie彌天大謊white lie善意謊言tell the truth講實(shí)話。His story is nothing but a pack of lies.

　　他說的純粹是一堆謊言。

　　I always know when he’s telling lies. 他說謊話的時(shí)候我總是能知道。lie還有“躺臥位于”意。lie on one‘s back / side / stomach仰臥/側(cè)臥/俯臥lie down躺下屈服lie in/ on /to在于位于在某范圍之內(nèi)lie on/upon依靠全憑He broke his leg and had to lie all the time. 他折斷了腿, 不得不總是躺著。有個(gè)小鎮(zhèn)。The town lies on the coast.該城鎮(zhèn)位于海邊。 There lies a small town at the foot of the mountain.山腳

　　The solution lies in alternative sources of power. 解決的方案在于找到替代能源。It lies on him to support his family. 贍養(yǎng)家庭是他的責(zé)任。

　　lay：vt/vi. 下蛋產(chǎn)卵擱置放置。The duck laid ten eggs this month. 這只鴨子本月下了十個(gè)蛋The hens don't lay during this cold weather. 這樣冷的天氣母雞不會下蛋。He laid his coat over a chair. 他把外衣放在椅子上。

　　The little boy lying on the ground lied that his cock laid an egg. 躺地的小孩撒謊說他的公雞下了一個(gè)蛋。撒謊lie-lied-lied-lying

　　躺臥位于lie-lay-lain-lying

　　產(chǎn)蛋放置lay-laid-laid-laying

　　9、panic：vt.(使)恐慌；(使)驚慌失措

　　panicked, panicked, panicking.

　　同練P61-8

　　[教材P22] When he heard these wordsJim panicked and ran to the raft.聽到這些話時(shí)他驚慌了并跑向木筏。

　　The thunder panicked the horse.

　　雷聲使馬受驚了。

　　panic sb. into doing sth. 使某人(因驚惶)倉促做某事

　　We will not be panicked into making a decision in haste. 我們不會驚慌失措地草率作出決定。

　　n. 驚慌；恐慌。 get into a panic陷入恐慌

　　be in (a) panic 在恐慌中I got into a panic when I found the door was locked. 我發(fā)覺門鎖上了，十分驚慌。

　　The crowd ran out in a panic. 群眾驚慌失措地跑出去。

　　In paniche began to throw water on the burning pan of oil.

　　慌亂中，他開始用水澆起火的油鍋。

　　curious： adj. 好奇的，奇特的，求知欲強(qiáng)的

　　[教材P22]　But although I was frightenedI also felt very curious, so I put my head round the door.

　　而盡管我很害怕，但還是感到十分好奇，于是就把頭湊向了那扇門。

　　be curious about sth.對…好奇be curious＋wh從句be curious to do sth.渴望做；因好奇而想做某事curiosity： n. 好奇，好奇心

　　be full of curiosity充滿好奇心out of curiosity 出于好奇

　　Children are naturally curious about everything around them. 孩子然會對周圍每件事感到好奇。

　　I’m curious whether he passed the exam. 我急切地想知道他是否通過了考試。

　　A student should always be curious to learn. 學(xué)生應(yīng)該始終具有強(qiáng)烈的求知欲。烈的好奇。

　　Such words you may imagine, strongly excited my curiosity. 你可想象得到，番言詞激起了我強(qiáng)

　　I’m full of curiosity about our new house. 我對我們的新家充滿了好奇。

　　The boy pressed that button out of curiosity. 那個(gè)男孩出于好奇按了按那個(gè)按鈕。

　　辨析curious強(qiáng)調(diào)好奇心態(tài)；anxious側(cè)重“憂慮”；eager作“渴望的熱切的”講，強(qiáng)調(diào)一種積極向上的心態(tài)。I love those who know when it’s time to be serious and when it’s time not to be even it is an anxious time. As for me, I am curious about almost everything and always eager to learn.

　　我愛那些知道什么時(shí)候應(yīng)該嚴(yán)肅認(rèn)真，什么時(shí)候應(yīng)該保持清醒頭腦(即使是在焦慮狀態(tài)下)的人，而我自己，則對幾乎任何事情都心懷好奇，并隨時(shí)渴望著去學(xué)習(xí)。

　　系, 拴, 綁n. 領(lǐng)帶領(lǐng)結(jié)關(guān)系聯(lián)系He tied the parcel.他捆上包裹。This is a rope too heavy to tie.這是一根重得不能打結(jié)的繩子。

　　Her long hair was tied back in a bow. 她的長發(fā)用一個(gè)蝴蝶結(jié)扎在后面。He always wears a shirt and tie. 他總是穿襯衫打領(lǐng)帶。They have ties with an American corporation. 他們與美國一家公司有關(guān)系。fright： n. 恐懼，害怕

　　[教材P23]　“He sounds as if he's going to die of fright！” I thought. “I have to find a way to save him！” “聽起來他就要嚇?biāo)懒耍蔽蚁耄拔业迷O(shè)法去救他。”

　　I used to suffer from stage fright before I gave a lecture.

　　我過去在作演講前經(jīng)常怯場。

　　He cried out in fright as the dark figure approached.

　　那個(gè)黑影向他逼近，他嚇得叫了出來。

　　The loud thunder gave me a fright.

　　這聲響雷嚇了我一大跳frighten：vt.使害怕frightened：adj.恐懼的frightening：adj.令人害怕/恐懼的。

　　爬行匍匐前進(jìn); 徐緩而行They crawled from under the table. 他們從桌底爬過來。We learn to crawl before we learn to walk. 我們學(xué)會走路之前先要學(xué)會爬。A tiny spider was crawling up his arm. 一只小蜘蛛慢慢爬上的胳膊。很害怕的,極度驚慌的,嚇壞了的He is terrified of spiders.他很怕蜘蛛。He looked so terrified I thought he’d seen a ghost.

　　他看上去如此害怕,我以為他看見鬼了。We heard a scream from the terrified girl.

　　我們聽見那個(gè)受驚的女孩發(fā)出一聲尖叫。terrifying：adj. 可怕的The most terrifying aspect of nuclear bombing is radiation. 核轟炸最可怕的方面是核輻射。使恐怖驚嚇, 恐嚇= frighten

　　That sort of thing terrifies people. 那樣的事令人感到恐怖terror： n. 恐怖驚駭恐怖活動(dòng)The government rules by terror. 那個(gè)政府實(shí)行恐怖統(tǒng)治。a terror of darkness.對黑暗的恐懼people fled in terror.人們驚恐地逃走。

　　15、play a trick on sb. 捉弄某人，對某人惡作劇 [教材P24]He particularly enjoyed playing a trick on the three men. 他特別喜歡捉弄這三個(gè)人。

　　If the children don't get a treat，they will play a trick on the people. 如得不到招待，將開這人的玩笑。

　　It's bad manners to play a trick on the disabled.

　　捉弄?dú)埣踩耸菦]有禮貌的。

　　play a joke on sb.跟開玩笑 make fun of sb.取笑某人 make a fool of sb.愚弄某人 laugh at sb.嘲笑某人I cannot bear to be made a fool of. 我無法忍受被人愚弄。

　　Sometimes the boys would play a joke on their teacher. 有時(shí)孩子們常要對他們的老師開個(gè)玩笑。

　　He put on a lot of weight and this gave the kids something more to make fun of him.

　　他的體重大增，而這又給了孩子們更多可以用來取笑他的話題。

　　make up: 動(dòng)詞短語，本句中意“編造(故事)”，此處還有“組成占比例化妝鋪床和好和解”等意。

　　I couldn’t remember a story to tell the children，so I made one up as I went along.

　　我想不出什么故事可講給孩子們聽，只好現(xiàn)編現(xiàn)講。醫(yī)療隊(duì)由十二名醫(yī)生組成。

　　Twelve doctors make up the medical team.＝The medical team was made up of twelve doctors.

　　Farm workers make up only a small section of the population. 農(nóng)民只占人口的一小部分。

　　She spent an hour making (herself) up before the party. 她在聚會前化妝用了一個(gè)小時(shí)。

　　We made up the bed in the spare room for our guest. 我們在空著的房間里給客人鋪好床。

　　They had an argument，but they have already made up. 他們有過爭執(zhí)，不過現(xiàn)在他們已和解了。

　　拓展make up for彌補(bǔ)Saturday to make up for the lost time. 周六我們?nèi)旃ぷ鳎瑏韽浹a(bǔ)失去的時(shí)間。We worked all day Nothing can make up for the loss of a child. 孩子的遺失是不可彌補(bǔ)的損失。復(fù)習(xí)： make A into B把A變成B; be made from由…制成(不見原材料，如酒);

　　be made into (＋成品)制成;be made of由…制成(可見到原材料，如門窗);