2024年高考英語二輪復習學案：狀語從句
總課時數(shù)科目 英語 使用時間
主備人
王
鋒 使用人
課題名稱 二輪復習—— 狀語從句
學習目標：狀語從句的各種類型，并正確使用從屬連詞
狀語從句中的時態(tài)表達法
在復合句中修飾主句中的動詞、形容詞和副詞的從句叫狀語從句。
狀語從句根據(jù)它表達的意思不同可分為時間狀語從句、地點狀語從句、條件狀語從句、比較狀語從句、目的狀語從句、結(jié)果狀語從句、方式狀語從句、讓步狀語從句和原因狀語從句等。狀語從句如果放在主句前通常用逗號分開。一、復習時需注意的要點
1、如果hardly, scarcely 或no sooner等置于句首，句子必須用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)：
例如：Hardly / Scarcely had I got home when it began to rain.
No sooner had I got home than it began to rain.
2、Not until …在句首，主句用倒裝。
例如：Not until the early years of the 19th century did man know what heat is.
直到19 世紀初，人類才知道熱能是什么。
Not until I began to work did I realize how much time I had wasted.
直到我開始工作，我才認識到了我已蹉跎了幾多歲月。
3、當從句的動作發(fā)生于主句動作之前，只能用when 引導這個從句，不可用as 或 while。
例如：When you have finished your work, you may have a rest.
4、如從句表示"隨時間推移"，連詞能用as，不用when 或while。
例如：As the day went on, the weather got worse.
日子一天天過去，天氣越變越壞。
5、as, though 引導的倒裝句
as / though引導的讓步從句必須把表語或狀語提前（形容詞、副詞、分詞、實義動詞提前）。句首名詞不能帶任何冠詞。
如句首是實義動詞，助動詞放在主語后。如果實義動詞有賓語和狀語，隨實義動詞一起放在主語之前。
例如：Child as /though he was, he knew what was the right thing to do.
= Though he was a small child, he knew what was the right thing to do.
Try hard as he will, he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily.
= Though he tries hard, he never seems…
雖然他盡了努力，但他的工作總做的不盡人意。
二、歷屆高考試題分析
例1、Generally speaking, _________ according to directions, the drug has no sid-effect.
A. when taking
B. when taken
C. when to take
D. when to be taken
答案為B。
【解析】
這是一個由when引導的時間狀語從句，原句應為“Generally speaking ,when it is taken according…”。由于take用被動時，主從句主語一致，因此從句中的it was可以被省略，簡化為when taken…分詞短語作狀語，而選A、C時則缺乏主語。譯文：通常地說，當這藥按照指導說明被服用的話是沒有副作用的。
例2、—Dad, I've finished my assignment.
—Good ,and _________ you play or watch TV ,you mustn't disturb me.
A. whenever
B. whether
C. whatever
D. no matter
答案為B。
【解析】
no matter不能直接引導讓步狀語從句，應用no matter + wh族疑問詞方可，故排除D；盡管A、C都有“無論”的意思，但只有B項whether可與or連用，表示選擇，即“無論你玩還是看電視，不許打擾我”。
例3、The famous scientist grew up _______ he was born and in 1930 he came to Shanghai.
A. when
B. whenever
C. where
D. wherever
答案為C。
【解析】
where引導的是地點狀語從句。譯文：這位著名的科學家在他的出生地長大，1930年他來到上海。因為在從句中有表示時間的介詞短語in 1930,所以可以排除when和whenever; wherever引導讓步狀語，意思是“無論在哪里”，與句意不符。
例4、________, I have never seen anyone who's as capable as John.
A. As long as I have traveled
B. Now that I have traveled so much
C. Much as I have traveled
D. As I have traveled so much
答案為C。w.w.w.g.k.x.x.c.o.m
【解析】
這是一個讓步狀語從句。as在引導讓步狀語從句時，要把形容詞或副詞放在它的前面。如果是名詞，一般不加冠詞。如：Child as he is, he has learned two thousand new words .As long
as“只要……”引導條件狀語從句；Now that“既然”引導原因狀語從句；As“因為”引導原因狀語從句。譯文：雖然我走過了那么多地方，我從來沒有見過像約翰這樣有能力的人。
例5、In such dry weather, the flowers will have to be watered if they________.
A. have survived
B. are to survive
C. would survive
D. will survive
答案為B。
【解析】
這是一個條件狀語從句，主句用了一般將來時態(tài)。在條件狀語從句中，一般不能使用將來時，但能和be to do的形式連用，所以應填are to survive。譯文：在如此干旱的天氣里，如果你想要花成活，就得給它們澆水。
例6、The WTO cannot live up to its name _____ it does not include a country that is home to one fifth of mankind.
A．a(chǎn)s long as
B．while
C．if
D．even though
答案選C。
【解析】
從句子意思可知，是一個條件狀語從句。as long as“只要……”引導條件狀語從句經(jīng)常用肯定句，所以要填if。譯文：如果WTO不包括一個占人類五分之一的國家，它就名不符實了。
例7、She found her calculator
________ she lost it.
A. where
B. when
C. in which
D. that
答案為A。w.w.w.g.k.x.x.c.o.m
【解析】
這是一個地點狀語從句，意思是“東西是在丟的地方找到的。”in which用于定語從句中，其前必須有先行詞。這個句子中沒有先行詞，所以不能填in which。
例8、—I'm going to the post office.
— ________you're there, can you get me some stamps?
A. As
B. While
C. Because
D. If
答案為B。
【解析】
while引導時間狀語從句，意思是“當……時”。這句話的意思是“當你在那兒的時候，是否能給我買一些郵票？”as雖然也可以引導時間狀語從句，但其意思是“一邊……一邊……”；because引導的是原因狀語從句；if引導的是條件狀語從句，對方已經(jīng)說明要到郵局去，不能再作假設。
例9、You should make it a rule to leave things ________you can find them again.
A. when
B. where
C. then
D. there
答案為B。
【解析】
where引導地點狀語從句。這句話的意思是“你應該作出一個規(guī)矩，把東西放在你能再找到它們的地方。”
例10、We'll have to finish the job, ________.
A. long it takes however
B. it takes however long
C. long however it takes
D. however long it takes
答案選D。
【解析】
however引導讓步狀語從句。要用陳述句的語序。
鞏固練習
Direction: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer that completes the sentence.
1. It is ___ he has behaved so badly that he must be punished.
A. as
B. since
C. because
D. that
2. Practise as ___ as you can.
A. much
B. many
C. more
D. hardly
3. ___ I admit that the problems are difficult, I don’t agree that they cannot be solved.
A. Since
B. As
C. Even though
D. Because
4. I will let you drive ___ you have a driving licence.
A. unless
B. except
C. on condition that
D. so that
5. Mike acted ___ nothing had happened. w.w.w.g.k.x.x.c.o.m
A. as
B. as though
C. as although
D. just like
6. Roses need special care _____ they can live through winter.
A. because
B. so that
C. even if
D. as
7. The thief ran ____ he was out of sight in a short while.
A. so fast that
B. too fast that
C. fast enough that
D. such fast that
8. ___ you understand this rule, you will have no further difficulty.
A. Before
B. While
C. As
D. Once
9. Don’t go to the party until ____.
A. invite
B. invite to
C. invited to
D. to invite
10.The protection device can help to eliminate the possible faults ______they cause more damage.
A. unless
B. although
C. until
D. before
11. These two areas are similar ____ they both have a high rainfall during this season.
A. to that
B. besides that
C. in that
D. except that
12. ____ that he is only a beginner, it is understandable for him to make such mistakes.
A. Considering
B. Considered
C. Consider
D. To consider
13. Although he knew little about the large amount of work done in the field, he succeeded ____other more well-informed experimenters failed.
A. which
B. that
C. what
D. where
14. Excuse me. If your call’s not too urgent, do you mind ____ mine first.
A. I make
B. if I make
C. me to make
D. that I make
15. ____ the calculation is right, scientists can never be sure that they have included all variables and modeled them accurately. w.w.w.g.k.x.x.c.o.m
A. Even if
B. As far as
C. If only
D. So long as
16. Michael used to look hurt and surprised when ____ .
A. scolding
B. to scold
C. having scolded
D. scolded
17. I was just to go out ____ it began to rain.
A. as
B. when
C. after
D. whole
18. I felt somewhat disappointed and was about to leave ____ something occurred which attracted my attention.
A. unless
B. until
C. when
D. while
19. No sooner had we reached the top of the hill ____ we all sat down to rest.
A. when
B. then
C. than
D. until
20. I have kept that portrait ____ I can see it every day, as it always reminds me of my university days in London.
A. which
B. where
C. whether
D. when
21. Richard is ____ boy that everyone in the class likes him.
A. a so bright
B. so a bright
C. such bright a
D. so bright a
22. We’ll wait here ____ you get back.
A. soon after
B. until
C. as soon as
D. when
23. Important ____ his discovery was, it was regarded as a matter of no account in his time.
A. for
B. to
C. although
D. as
24. Speak to him slowly ____ he may understand better.
A. in case that
B. so that
C. because that
D. least
25. The harder you study, ____ you will serve the people. w.w.w.g.k.x.x.c.o.m
A. the better
B. better
C. the best
D. the better that
26. Mr. Smith is _____ a good teacher _____ we all respect.
A. such…that
B. such… as
C. so…that
D. so…as
27. Our profits will be good _____ the dollar remains strong.
A. if
B. although
C. unless
D. as long as
28. _____ is mentioned above, there are more and more trade between China and America.
A. Which
B. As
C. That
D. What
29.he took a wrong bus , ______he was a full hour late on the first day he went to work .
A. On condition that
B. which
C. so that
D. on the ground that
30. Emily had failed many times; _____, she was confident she would succeed in the end.
A. nevertheless
B. although
C. therefore
D. otherwise
答案:
1CACCBB 6-10 BADCD
11-15 CADBA
16-20 CBCCB
21-25 DBDBA
26-30 BDBCA
