3．The poverty(貧困)was worse than anything my young companions had ever imagined. Back in the hotel, an air of sadness settled over the group. Many ______ and cried. A．gave up

　　B．broke down C．set off

　　D．held on

　　[解析] B　與cry(哭)并列應(yīng)當(dāng)是break down(情緒失控，精神崩潰)，故選B。 4．It's not easy being a teenager—nor is it easy being the parent of a teenager. You can make your child feel angry, hurt, or ______ by what you say without realizing it yourself. A．dismissed

　　B．misunderstood C．misled

　　D．satisfied

　　[解析] B　與angry(生氣)和hurt(被傷害)意義相關(guān)的應(yīng)當(dāng)是misunderstood(被誤解)，故選B。

　　We made him monitor of our class.

　　我們讓他當(dāng)我們班的班長(zhǎng)。

　　Wei Fang, head of our class, will go abroad for a visit.

　　魏芳，我們的班長(zhǎng)，將去國(guó)外參觀訪問(wèn)。 (2) “make＋賓語(yǔ)＋賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)”中，作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的可以是動(dòng)詞原形、形容詞、名詞、過(guò)去分詞、現(xiàn)在分詞等，意思是“使得……(怎么樣)”。

　　His jokes made us all laugh.

　　他的笑話把我們都逗笑了。 第6講 │ 句型透視

　　(3) 如果make后邊的賓語(yǔ)是不定式或that從句，賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)是形容詞或名詞，這時(shí)往往把形式賓語(yǔ)it放在賓語(yǔ)的位置上，把真正的賓語(yǔ)放在后面。find, feel，think等動(dòng)詞也可以有類似的用法。

　　The use of computers has made it possible for more people to work at home.

　　計(jì)算機(jī)的使用使得更多的人們?cè)诩夜ぷ鞒蔀榭赡堋?第6講 │ 句型透視

　　【溫馨提示】 在“make＋賓語(yǔ)＋賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)中，如果作賓補(bǔ)的是不定式，要省略to，即直接用動(dòng)詞原形；但是當(dāng)改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，要把to還原。 Workers were made to work 10 hours a day. 工人們被迫一天工作十個(gè)小時(shí)。 第6講 │ 句型透視

　　【活學(xué)活用】 1．漢譯英

　　他被迫離開(kāi)了家。

　　________________________. 第6講 │ 句型透視

　　He was made to leave home 2．單項(xiàng)填空

　　Mobile phones and the Internet have made

　　________

　　simple to contact a friend, relative or colleague, wherever they are in the world.

　　A．that

　　B．this

　　C．them

　　D．it

　　[解析] D　考查代詞用法。句意：手機(jī)和因特網(wǎng)使得聯(lián)系朋友、親戚和同事變得容易，無(wú)論他們?cè)谑澜缒膫€(gè)地方。it作形式賓語(yǔ)，代替真正的賓語(yǔ)to contact a friend, relative or colleague。 第6講 │ 句型透視

　　4　Although Yang did not get the best scores on every single

　　test, it was his high scores on the psychological tests that

　　finally won him the status of China’s first astronaut.　盡 管楊利偉并不是每項(xiàng)測(cè)試都得了最高分，但他的各項(xiàng)心理 測(cè)試所得的高分使他最終贏得了中國(guó)首名宇航員的地位。 【句式點(diǎn)撥】 It is/was＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分＋that/who＋其他成分 強(qiáng)調(diào)句型強(qiáng)調(diào)it is/was和that/who之間的成分。在這個(gè)句型中把it is/was和that/who去掉不會(huì)影響句子的完整性。如： 對(duì)下面這個(gè)句子標(biāo)序號(hào)的各個(gè)部分進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào)

　　第6講 │ 句型透視

　　I

　　①found

　　a wallet

　　② in the playground

　?、?yesterday

　?、?

　?、買t was I that/who found a wallet in the playground yesterday. 就是我昨天在操場(chǎng)發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)錢包。

　　②It was a wallet that I found in the playground yesterday. 昨天我在操場(chǎng)發(fā)現(xiàn)的就是一個(gè)錢包。

　　③It was in the playground that I found a wallet yesterday. 我昨天就在是在操場(chǎng)發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)錢包。

　?、躀t was yesterday that I found a wallet in the playground. 就在昨天我在操場(chǎng)發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)錢包。 第6講 │ 句型透視

　　【相關(guān)拓展】 這種結(jié)構(gòu)可以強(qiáng)調(diào)除主語(yǔ)外的賓語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)以及not...until...結(jié)構(gòu)的句子等。注意：這種結(jié)構(gòu)不能強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語(yǔ)，要強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語(yǔ)(只能用在一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般過(guò)去時(shí))可以用助動(dòng)詞do/does/did＋動(dòng)詞原形。 第6講 │ 句型透視

　　【活學(xué)活用】 1．根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)完成句子

　　就是這個(gè)農(nóng)場(chǎng)，他至少參觀過(guò)三次了。

　　_________________he has paid a visit to at least three times. 2．單項(xiàng)填空

　　It was what you do rather than what you say

　　________

　　matters.

　　A．that

　　B．what

　　C．which

　　D．this

　　[解析] A　考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。It was＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分＋that從句。 第6講 │ 句型透視

　　It is the farm that 第6講 │ 跟蹤訓(xùn)練

　　跟蹤訓(xùn)練 Ⅰ.單詞拼寫(xiě) 1．Don’t d ________ her; she is doing her homework. 2．You must ________ (申請(qǐng)) for your visa at the Australian embassy. 3．Curiosity is a sign of the ________ (渴望) to understand the world around us better. 4．Children are c ________ about everything. They are always asking a lot of questions. isturb apply desire urious 5．There are many well-p ________ old buildings in this small town. These buildings attract a lot of visitors every year. 第6講 │ 跟蹤訓(xùn)練

　　reserved Ⅱ.選詞填空(有兩項(xiàng)多余)

　　be curious about， set sail for， as well as，result in， pay off，apply to，look up to sb. 1．The country mouse ________________ the big city. 2．The widening gap between rich and poor is ___________ social tensions. 3．It is expected that another $10,000 will be ________ before long. 4．We should __________ him as an example of devotion to duty. 5．Scientific discoveries are often _________ industrial and agricultural production methods. 第6講 │ 跟蹤訓(xùn)練

　　was curious about resulting in paid off look up to applied to Ⅲ.單項(xiàng)填空 1．At minus 130℃，a living cell can be ________

　　for a thousand years.

　　A．sparedB．protected

　　C．preserved

　　D．developed

　　[解析] C　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：在零下130攝氏度的溫度下，一個(gè)活細(xì)胞可以存活1,000年。preserve保存、保持，符合題意。spare留出，讓給，抽出(時(shí)間)；protect保護(hù)；develop發(fā)展。 第6講 │ 跟蹤訓(xùn)練

　　2．Jenny nearly missed the flight ________ doing too much shopping.

　　A．a(chǎn)s a result of

　　B．on top of

　　C．in front of

　　D．in need of

　　[解析] A　句意：由于大量購(gòu)物珍妮差點(diǎn)錯(cuò)過(guò)了航班。as a result of由于……，符合題意。 第6講 │ 跟蹤訓(xùn)練

　　3．The villagers went out to the mountain

　　________

　　the missing child.

　　A．in a search of

　　B．looking after

　　C．searched for

　　D．in search of

　　[解析] D　in search of介詞短語(yǔ)“尋找”；look after“照顧，照看”；search for“尋找”。根據(jù)句意可知本題應(yīng)該選用介詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)。 第6講 │ 跟蹤訓(xùn)練

　　4．Nobody noticed the thief enter the house because the lights happened to

　　________ .

　　A．go over

　　B．go through

　　C．go on

　　D．go out

　　[解析] D　考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。go out 表示“(燈火等)熄滅”。go over復(fù)習(xí)，go through經(jīng)受，go on繼續(xù)。 第6講 │ 跟蹤訓(xùn)練

　　5．If you are

　　________

　　about Australian cities, just read the book written by Dr Johnson.

　　A．interested

　　B．a(chǎn)nxious

　　C．upset

　　D．curious

　　[解析] D　考查詞語(yǔ)搭配。be interested in對(duì)……感興趣；be anxious about對(duì)……感到擔(dān)憂；be curious about對(duì)……感到好奇。根據(jù)句意：“如果你對(duì)澳大利亞城市充滿好奇的話，就去讀一讀約翰遜博士寫(xiě)的那本書(shū)吧?！笨芍?，應(yīng)選擇D。 第6講 │ 跟蹤訓(xùn)練

　　6．Sometimes we buy a magazine with absolutely no purpose

　　________

　　to kill time.

　　A．other than

　　B．rather than

　　C．a(chǎn)s well as

　　D．a(chǎn)s if

　　[解析] A　考查短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：有時(shí)候我們買雜志除了消磨時(shí)間外，別無(wú)他意。other than 除了；rather than 而不是；as well as 以及，還有；as if 似乎。根據(jù)語(yǔ)意可知A項(xiàng)正確。 第6講 │ 跟蹤訓(xùn)練

　　7．—Believe it or not, last month in America I came across the girl whose photo was in the drift bottle I got three years ago!

　　—Really? That’s the most surprising

　　________

　　I’ve ever heard of!

　　A．a(chǎn)cquaintance

　　B．coincident

　　C．viewpoint

　　D．procedure

　　[解析] B　考查名詞辨析。雙方談到的是“偶遇事件”而非觀點(diǎn)或過(guò)程(程序)，故C、D不對(duì)；A的意思是“熟人”，不合語(yǔ)意；B的意思是“巧合，偶遇事件”。故答案選B。 第6講 │ 跟蹤訓(xùn)練

　　8．All her hard work

　　________

　　in the end, and she finally passed the exam.

　　A．took off

　　B．went off

　　C．paid off

　　D．set off

　　[解析] C　考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：所有的辛苦最終得到回報(bào)，她最后通過(guò)了考試。pay off 回報(bào)，償還；take off 起飛，脫掉，成名；go off離開(kāi)，去世，消失，爆炸，被發(fā)射；set off 出發(fā)，動(dòng)身，使爆炸。故選C。 第6講 │ 跟蹤訓(xùn)練

　　9．It is a disease that can

　　________

　　total deafness if left untreated.

　　A．leave behind

　　B．leave alone

　　C．let down

　　D．result in

　　[解析] D　考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。leave behind遺留，留下，追過(guò)，超過(guò)； leave alone丟下不管，不理會(huì)； let down放下，拋棄，使失望，損壞威信，丟面子； result in引起，導(dǎo)致。故選D。 10．As we all know, copyright

　　________

　　novels, films, music, artwork and architectural designs.

　　A．polishes up

　　B．lies in

　　C．shows off

　　D．a(chǎn)pplies to

　　[解析] D　考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。polish up改善，lie in在于，show off炫耀，apply to適用于，應(yīng)用于。根據(jù)句意可知選擇D項(xiàng)。 閱讀寫(xiě)作(六)[完形填空技法指導(dǎo)之行文邏輯 ]

　　重視首句理解 完形填空首先考查的就是考生對(duì)文章的理解能力。因此考生在做完形填空時(shí)，應(yīng)把它看作一個(gè)意思連貫、結(jié)構(gòu)完整的語(yǔ)篇，而不是單項(xiàng)填空。做題時(shí)要善于利用段首句或首段最大限度地獲取信息。完形填空的首句或前幾句話都是完整的，為考生提供足夠的信息去挖掘文章的思路，而且，這里往往包含主題句，提供理解文章大意和主要內(nèi)容必要的線索。此外，完形填空是具有完整內(nèi)容且按照一定思路發(fā)展的文章，各段及各句之間都有邏輯上的必然聯(lián)系，因此還要注意把握文章發(fā)展的基本線索，搞清段與段、句與句之間的邏輯關(guān)系。 答題時(shí)，考生首先要樹(shù)立起語(yǔ)篇概念，抓住文章主題思想，理清其結(jié)構(gòu)布局， 明辨句子之間以及段落之間的關(guān)系，利用句與句、句群與句群之間的邏輯關(guān)系解題。句子之間的邏輯關(guān)系主要包括：并列關(guān)系(連接詞有and，while等)；轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系(連接詞有but，however，though，whereas，nevertheless等)；因果關(guān)系(連接詞有so，therefore，thus，because, for，since，as等)；讓步關(guān)系(連接詞或短語(yǔ)有though，although，despite, in spite of等)；條件關(guān)系(連接詞或短語(yǔ)有if，unless, once，provided that，in case of等)；解釋關(guān)系(連接詞或短語(yǔ)有i.e.，that is to say, in other words等)；順序關(guān)系(連接詞有before，after，and，first，second，then，next, finally等)。 一、因果關(guān)系 例1　These tell the story of a mother whose baby grows ______ and pale and has changed so much that it is almost unrecognizable to the parents. A．sick

　　B．slim C．short

　　D．small 【點(diǎn)睛】 A　選項(xiàng)中只有sick才與pale有相關(guān)性(因果關(guān)系)，即因?yàn)椤吧　?，所以臉色才?huì)“蒼白”，故選A。 二、同類關(guān)系 例2　Edgar Allan Poe, whose life was short and seemingly unhappy, wrote stories and poems of mystery and ______， insanity(瘋狂)and death. A．happiness

　　B．science C．society

　　D．terror 【點(diǎn)睛】 D　因?yàn)橹挥衪error(恐怖)才與mystery(神秘)、insanity(瘋狂)和death(死亡)是表示同類意義的名詞，而不可能是與“happiness(幸福)”、“science(科學(xué))”或“society(社會(huì))”并列，故選D。 三、類屬關(guān)系 例3　Edgar Allan Poe is also remembered as the father of modern detective fiction, stories of an investigator who has to solve murders and other ______. A．a(chǎn)ccidents

　　B．crimes C．events

　　D．incidents 【點(diǎn)睛】 B　因?yàn)椤癿urder(兇殺)”是各種“crimes(犯罪)”行為中的一種，所以與“murder(兇殺)”并列的應(yīng)是“其他各種犯罪行為”，故選B。 四、相對(duì)關(guān)系 例4　When Christ was born nearly two thousand years ago, many people, rich and ______， gave him presents. A．ill

　　B．healthy C．poor

　　D．tall 【點(diǎn)睛】 C　因?yàn)橛删湟饪芍瑧?yīng)當(dāng)是指“耶穌出生時(shí)，許多人，無(wú)論貧富，都給他禮物”，故選擇與rich相對(duì)意義的poor，即選C。 五、轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系 例5　[2011·江蘇卷] (節(jié)選)

　　______， the boy of our story was a pretty smart guy, even if he couldn't always get what he wanted. A．Therefore

　　B．However C．Moreover

　　D．Otherwise 【點(diǎn)睛】 B　考查副詞詞義辨析。A項(xiàng)意為“因此”；B項(xiàng)意為“然而”；C項(xiàng)意為“而且”；D項(xiàng)意為“否則”。句意為：然而(however)，故事中的男孩是一個(gè)聰明的孩子，即使他并非總能得到他想要的東西。此處是與上文形成對(duì)比，所以選B項(xiàng)表示轉(zhuǎn)折。 【活學(xué)活用】 1．[2011·江蘇卷] (改編) The boy wasn't much of a fruit－eater, preferring a bar of chocolate if given the choice, ______， as they say, the forbidden fruit can be tempting. Seeing the apple, the boy wanted it. A．so

　　B．Then C．But D．or

　　[解析] C　考查并列連詞辨析。句意為：就像人們常說(shuō)的，越禁止的東西，誘惑力越強(qiáng)。和上文不喜愛(ài)吃水果形成對(duì)比關(guān)系，所以選擇C表示轉(zhuǎn)折。 2．Nobel was upset to find out not that he had died, but that, when his time was up, he would be thought of only as one who profited from ______ and destruction. A．death

　　B．disease C．trouble

　　D．a(chǎn)ttack

　　[解析] A　與destruction(毀滅)并列應(yīng)當(dāng)是death(死亡)，故選A。 閱讀寫(xiě)作(六) │ 重視首句理解 【活學(xué)活用】 (1)He _______us to leave soon. (2)We _____ you a merry Christmas. (3)You

　　__________to be careful crossing streets. (4)I have no _______ to discuss the question. (5)Anyone _______to vote must attend the meeting. 第6講 │ 單詞點(diǎn)睛

　　desired wish are desired desire desiring 7　apply　vi.申請(qǐng)；vt.使用，應(yīng)用

　　(1) apply ___ sth. to sb. 向某人申請(qǐng)某物

　　apply

　　___ (sb./sth.)

　　(與某人/某物)有關(guān)，有效，適用于……

　　apply oneself

　　___

　　(doing) sth.集中精力做某事

　　apply oneself / one’s mind / one’s energies to

　　刻苦努力，致力于

　　(2) applied adj.

　　應(yīng)用的；實(shí)用的

　　(3) application n.

　　申請(qǐng)(書(shū))；應(yīng)用

　　applicant n.

　　申請(qǐng)人

　　appliance n.

　　器具；機(jī)械；裝置 第6講 │ 單詞點(diǎn)睛

　　for to

　　to

　　【活學(xué)活用】 (1) What you said doesn’t _______ me. (2) You can’t

　　______ this rule

　　___

　　every case. (3) Were he better qualified, he would

　　________ the position. (4) She

　　_______ herself closely

　　___

　　the study of foreign languages two years ago. (5) The result of this research will ____________ the treatment of lung cancer. 第6講 │ 單詞點(diǎn)睛