【北師大版】2024高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)講練精品學(xué)案:選修7 Unit 20 New Frontiers
Module 7
Unit 20 New Frontiers
1.
assist vt.幫助,協(xié)助
精講拓展
assist sb. with sth.幫助某人做某事
assist sb. in doing sth.幫助某人做某事
assist sb. to do sth.幫助某人做某事
詞語(yǔ)辨析
help/assist/aid
(1)動(dòng)詞help和assist的含義往往相同,但assist較正式,而且總是暗示被幫助者自己也在做一部分工作,若某人處于困境,你幫助他用help,而不說(shuō)assist。如:
They helped the drowning man.他們救了那個(gè)溺水的人。
(2)aid系正式用語(yǔ),與help相似,但不經(jīng)常使用。
(3)在help,assist后面可以接動(dòng)詞不定式,aid則不能這樣使用。
He helped me (to) pass my exam.他幫助我通過(guò)了考試。
典型例句
A man is assisting police(with their inquiries).
一名男子協(xié)助警方調(diào)查。[朗文當(dāng)代]
Unless we receive more financial assistance from the government,the hospital will have to close.
如果我們得不到政府財(cái)政上更多的援助,這家醫(yī)院就得停辦。[朗文當(dāng)代]
Our friends assisted us in fixing the car.
我們的朋友幫我們修車。[美國(guó)傳統(tǒng)]
即學(xué)即用
完成句子
①Don’t be nervous.The police________ ________you in finding her address.
不要緊張,警察會(huì)幫你找出她的地址。
②Li Hua________ ________ ________ me ________ my English.李華一直幫助我學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)。
答案:①will assist ②has been assisting;with
2.worn adj.用舊的,用壞的;疲憊的
精講拓展
a pair of worn blue jeans一條磨破了的藍(lán)色牛仔褲
look worn and sad 顯得疲憊憂傷
worn-out (=extremely tired;exhausted)疲憊不堪的
wear glasses 戴眼鏡
wear one’s hair long/short留長(zhǎng)發(fā)/短發(fā)
wear puzzled expressions 面帶疑惑的表情
wear well(主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義)耐用,耐穿,耐磨
典型例句
We were worn-out from the long trip.
長(zhǎng)途旅行之后我們精疲力竭。[美國(guó)傳統(tǒng)]
She usually wears her hair up.
她通常都把頭發(fā)梳得高高的。[朗文當(dāng)代]
He wore dark glasses to protect his eyes from the strong sunlight.
他戴墨鏡以防強(qiáng)烈的陽(yáng)光刺傷眼睛。[朗文當(dāng)代]
詞語(yǔ)辨析
wear out/be worn out
(1)wear out 穿破,用壞;結(jié)構(gòu)為wear out+n./wear+pron.+out
He wore out two pairs of shoes in one month.
他在一個(gè)月內(nèi)穿破了兩雙鞋。
He has worn them out.他把它們穿破了。
(2)be worn out表示狀態(tài),“穿破了”,用作表語(yǔ),還可表示“筋疲力盡”,相當(dāng)于be very tired,be tired out。
His shirt was worn out,so he bought a new one.
他的襯衫穿破了,所以他買了一件新的。
He was worn out after a whole day’s work.
工作一整天后,他十分疲勞。
即學(xué)即用
③________ after a long walk,Mike called and said he
couldn’t come to the party.
A.Having worn out
B.Being worn out
C.To wear out
D.Worn out
解析:句意為:長(zhǎng)距離步行之后十分疲勞,邁克打電話說(shuō)
他不能來(lái)參加聚會(huì)了。Having worn out表示發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)
動(dòng)作之前的主動(dòng)動(dòng)作;Being worn out表示和謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作同
時(shí)發(fā)生的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作;To wear out不定式表示目的;worn
out過(guò)去分詞表示發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作之前的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作,也可
以表示狀態(tài),在此句中表原因,D為正確答案。
答案:D
3.
issue n.&v.議題,爭(zhēng)論點(diǎn);(期刊的)期,號(hào);發(fā)布,公
布,發(fā)行
精講拓展
a big/key/ major issue重要議題
make an issue of sth.挑起爭(zhēng)端
be at issue of sth.在審議/爭(zhēng)議中的
take issue with sb.about /on/over sth.
就某事向某人提出異議;就某事向某人爭(zhēng)論
issue sth.to sb.向某人宣布某事
issue sth.to sb./issue sb.with sth.(正式)發(fā)給(供給)某人某物
典型例句
I don’t want to make an issue of it.
我不想爭(zhēng)論這件事。[朗文當(dāng)代]
The Christmas issue of the magazine had a picture of carol singers on its cover.
圣誕節(jié)那期雜志的封面上刊有唱圣誕頌歌者的照片。[朗文當(dāng)代]
Her ability is not at issue;it’s her character I’m worried about.
她的能力毫無(wú)爭(zhēng)議,我擔(dān)心的是她的人品。[朗文當(dāng)代]
The government is expected to issue a statement about the crisis.
預(yù)料政府會(huì)對(duì)這場(chǎng)危機(jī)發(fā)表一個(gè)聲明。[朗文當(dāng)代]
They issued the firemen with breathing equipment.
他們發(fā)給消防隊(duì)隊(duì)員氧氣設(shè)備。[朗文當(dāng)代]
He took issue with my view of the problem.
他不同意我對(duì)這個(gè)問(wèn)題的看法。[美國(guó)傳統(tǒng)]
即學(xué)即用
翻譯句子
④公共教育是這次會(huì)議的最重要的議題之一 。
__________________________________________________
⑤這是一個(gè)重大問(wèn)題 ,我們需要花較多的時(shí)間考慮。
__________________________________________________
⑥ 錢不是問(wèn)題。
__________________________________________________
⑦警方已發(fā)出尋找目擊證人的呼吁。
__________________________________________________
答案:④Public education was one of the biggest issues at
the meeting.
⑤This is a big issue,we need more time to think about it.
⑥Money is not an issue.
⑦The police have issued an appeal for witnesses.
4.donate vt.捐贈(zèng);贈(zèng)送
精講拓展
donate sth.to sb.捐贈(zèng)某物給某人
make a generous donation向……慷慨相助
典型例句
We often donate clothing to the Red Cross.
我們經(jīng)常向紅十字會(huì)捐贈(zèng)衣物。[美國(guó)傳統(tǒng)]
We are collecting donations for the relief fund.
我們?cè)跒榫葷?jì)基金募捐。[朗文當(dāng)代]
They made a generous donation to charity.
他們對(duì)慈善事業(yè)慷慨捐助。[朗文當(dāng)代]
⑧As is well known,she has ________ her books to the
library,which is a great help to our school.
A.offer
B.donated
C.given
D.supplying
解析:本題考查詞語(yǔ)辨析。句意為:眾所周知,她把她
的書本捐贈(zèng)給了圖書館,這對(duì)我們學(xué)校是極大的幫助。
donate sth.to sb.“捐贈(zèng)某物給某人”,故B項(xiàng)正確。
答案:B
5.a(chǎn)ssess vt.評(píng)價(jià);評(píng)估;評(píng)判;評(píng)定
精講拓展
assess at估價(jià),核定
assess a tax at...核定稅額為……
典型例句
It’s difficult to assess the effects of the new legislation just yet.
現(xiàn)在還難以評(píng)價(jià)新法令的效果。[朗文當(dāng)代]
He’s so lazy that it’s difficult to assess his ability.
他懶惰得很難對(duì)他的能力作出評(píng)估。[朗文當(dāng)代]
They assessed the cost of the flood damage at £1,500.
他們估定洪水造成的損失為1 500英鎊。(劍橋高階)
詞語(yǔ)辨析
assess/value/evaluate/estimate
(1)assess通常表示“估計(jì)”出某物的價(jià)值,以便有效地利用它。
(2)value指“估計(jì)某物的價(jià)值、價(jià)格”,用于一般人所作的“估計(jì)”.
(3)evaluate很少用來(lái)表示“估價(jià)”或“估計(jì)”某物的市場(chǎng)價(jià)值,而是表示“評(píng)價(jià)”。
(4)estimate表示的“估價(jià)”或“估計(jì)”只是猜測(cè),多多少少有些不準(zhǔn)確的估計(jì),甚至只是一種想法。
The value of this property was assessed at one million dollars.這財(cái)產(chǎn)的價(jià)值估定為一百萬(wàn)美元。
He valued the ring at $80.他估計(jì)這枚戒指值80美元。
By marks in numbers or letters,the teacher evaluates a student’s work.
老師用數(shù)字或字母的符號(hào)來(lái)評(píng)價(jià)學(xué)生的作業(yè)。
We got two or three estimates before having the roof repaired.
我們修理屋頂之前先找了兩三家估價(jià)。
即學(xué)即用
⑨She looked at the house and ________ its price at 200,000
yuan.
A.fixed
B.a(chǎn)ccessed
C.evaluated
D.a(chǎn)ssessed
解析:詞語(yǔ)辨析考查。fix“修理”;access入口,進(jìn)入獲
取;evaluate“評(píng)價(jià)”;assess“估計(jì)”;句意為:她看了看
房子估價(jià)為二十萬(wàn)元。
答案:D
6.rescue vt.&n.拯救;救援;營(yíng)救
精講拓展
rescue sb.from將某人從……中解救出來(lái)
come/go to one’s rescue援救或幫助某人
典型例句
She died when trying to rescue her children from the blaze.
她在試圖從大火中救出自己的孩子時(shí)身亡。[朗文當(dāng)代]
Hundreds are still in the water,waiting to be rescued.
數(shù)以百計(jì)的人仍在水中,等待救援。[朗文當(dāng)代]
A rescue team is trying to reach the trapped miners.
營(yíng)救隊(duì)正設(shè)法到達(dá)礦工被困的位置。[朗文當(dāng)代]
I didn’t know anybody at the party,but the hostess came to
my rescue(=helped me out of a difficult situation) by
introducing me to a few people.
在聚會(huì)上我誰(shuí)也不認(rèn)識(shí),但女主人過(guò)來(lái)救了我的駕,把我介
紹給幾個(gè)客人。[劍橋高階]
詞語(yǔ)辨析
rescue/save
(1)rescue多指在直接的危險(xiǎn)或禍患中給予迅速而有效的救
援,一般指救人。
(2)save是普通而含義廣泛的常用詞,指通過(guò)救援不但使受害
者(人、動(dòng)物或物)能脫離危險(xiǎn)或禍患,而且使其在今后能安
全地生存下去,有時(shí)可與rescue通用。
He sacrificed his life to rescue another.
他為了救別人而犧牲了自己的生命。
I saved the animals from the flood.
我把動(dòng)物從洪水中救了出來(lái)。
即學(xué)即用
The lifeboat was sent out to________ the sailors from the sinking ship.
A.rescue
B.prevent
C.protect
D.keep
解析:句意為:救生艇已被派出去營(yíng)救沉船中的水手。rescue“營(yíng)救”;prevent“阻止”;protect“保護(hù)”;keep“保持,保存”。通過(guò)分析可知A項(xiàng)正確。
答案:A
⑩
7.primitive adj.原始的;簡(jiǎn)陋的
精講拓展
(1)同義詞:original adj.最初的,原始的
(2)反義詞:present adj.現(xiàn)在的;
modern adj.近代的,現(xiàn)代的
(3) primitive有兩方面的含義:
①表示某事物遠(yuǎn)古的。如:
They found a primitive tool in the mountain.
他們?cè)谏缴习l(fā)現(xiàn)一件原始工具。
②表示某工具粗糙的、簡(jiǎn)陋的。如:
The natives of that region still live in primitive straw huts.
那個(gè)地區(qū)的居民依然住在簡(jiǎn)陋的茅草屋里。
典型例句
Primitive man made himself primitive tools from sharp stones and animal bones.
原始人用尖石塊和獸骨為自己制作原始的工具。[朗文當(dāng)代]
Small seashells were often used as a primitive kind of money.
小貝殼常被用作簡(jiǎn)單的貨幣。[朗文當(dāng)代]
Early settlers had to cope with very primitive living conditions.
早期殖民者不得不應(yīng)付非常原始的生存條件。[劍橋高階]
即學(xué)即用
?Living conditions in the village are still quite ________.
A.modern
B.primitive
C.theoretical
D.far-reaching
解析:本題考查詞語(yǔ)辨析。句意為:在這個(gè)村莊的生活條件仍
然是非常簡(jiǎn)單樸素的。modern“現(xiàn)代的”,primitive“原始的”;
theoretical“理論上的;假設(shè)的”;far-reaching“影響深遠(yuǎn)的”。
答案:B
8.permit vt.允許,準(zhǔn)許
精講拓展
同義詞:allow vt.允許;反義詞:forbid vt.禁止
permit sth./doing sth.允許某事/做某事
permit sb.to do sth.允許某人做某事
警示誤區(qū):permit的過(guò)去式,過(guò)去分詞須雙寫最后一個(gè)
字母t再加ed,即:permitted,permitted。它的現(xiàn)在分
詞為permitting。
詞語(yǔ)辨析
permit/allow/let/promise
(1)permit指強(qiáng)調(diào)權(quán)威性的正式批準(zhǔn)。常用句型“permit sb.to do
sth.”或“permit doing sth.”。
(2)allow意為“允許”,暗含有默許,放縱之意。常用句型“allow
sb.to do sth.”或“allow doing sth.”。
(3)let指允許或無(wú)力阻止某事,暗指對(duì)某事采取漠不關(guān)心,聽之任之的態(tài)度。常用句型“l(fā)et sb.do sth.”。
(4)promise主語(yǔ)允諾要干某事。常用句型
“promise sb.to do/promise that...”。
注意:可以說(shuō)allow/permit sb.to do sth.不能說(shuō)allow/permit to do
sth.。類似的動(dòng)詞還有:advise,consider,forbid 等 。
Smoking is not allowed here.此處不許吸煙。
Smoking is not permitted here.此處禁止吸煙。
The nurse allowed him to remain there,though it was not permitted.
護(hù)士允許他呆在那里,盡管這是不允許的。
Don’t let your child play with matches.別讓孩子玩火柴 。
典型例句
The prison authorities permit visiting only once a month.
監(jiān)獄部門只允許一月探監(jiān)一次。[劍橋高階]