選修8 Unit 1（2）

　　That is why today over 40% of Californians speak Spanish as a first or second language.

　　這就是今天有超過40%的加利福尼亞人把西班牙語作為第一或第二語言的原因。

　　(1)This/That is why...為表語從句的常用句型結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“這/那就是為什么……”，用來表示原因。

　　(2)That’s because...這是因?yàn)椤?，because從句表示原因

　　(3)The reason why...is/was that...……的原因是……，表語從句常用that引導(dǎo)，而不用because。

　?、賂om came late for the meeting.That_was_because he was ill.

　　湯姆開會(huì)遲到了，那是他病了。

　?、赥om was ill.That_was_why he came late for the meeting.

　　湯姆病了，那就是他開會(huì)遲到的原因。

　?、跿he reason why Tom came late for the meeting was that he was ill.湯姆開會(huì)遲到的原因是他病了。However，it is likely that Native Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago.

　　然而，可能美洲土著人至少一萬五千年前就生活在加利福尼亞。

　　本句式中it為形式主語，真正的主語為that從句。

　　It is likely that...……是可能的，此句型可轉(zhuǎn)化為：sb./sth.be likely to do...某人/物可能干某事。

　　①It is very likely that，in many schools，the students are going to spend less time in doing homework than they used to.

　　在很多學(xué)校學(xué)生做作業(yè)的時(shí)間有可能比從前少。

　?、贏s far as I know，he is likely to drop out of school to attend to his sick mother.

　?。紸s far as I know，it’s_likely_that he will drop out of school to attend to his sick mother.

　　據(jù)我所知，他有可能輟學(xué)照顧生病的母親。

　　It is believed that before long the mix of nationalities will be so great that there will be no distinct major racial or cultural groups，but simply a mixture of many races and cultures.

　　人們認(rèn)為，要不了多久，多種國籍的混合將會(huì)非常之大，以至于不可能存在一種明顯主要的種族或文化群體，而只是多種族、多文化的混合體。

　　It is believed that...人們認(rèn)為……。在該句型中，it是形式主語，that引導(dǎo)主語從句。

　　①It_is_generally_believed_that IT has both advantages and disadvantages.人們普遍認(rèn)為信息技術(shù)既有優(yōu)點(diǎn)又有缺點(diǎn)。

　　It’s said that...據(jù)說……

　　It’s reported that...據(jù)報(bào)道……

　　It’s hoped that...大家希望……

　　It’ s well-known that...眾所周知……

　　It’s thought that...大家認(rèn)為……

　　It’s suggested that...據(jù)建議……

　?、贗t is hoped that the cost of medical care can be cut down.

　　人們希望醫(yī)療費(fèi)能夠降低。

　?、?句型轉(zhuǎn)換

　　1．Human beings are said to be naturally equipped to speak.

　　→________ ________ ________ ________human beings are naturally equipped to speak.

　　答案：　It is said that

　　2．A visit to the rainforest for us students is likely to be an unforgettable experience.

　　→________ ________ ________ ________a visit to the rainforest for us students will be an unforgettable experience.

　　答案：　It is likely that

　?、?單項(xiàng)填空

　　1．(2024·南昌二模)Nuclear radiation is said________the biggest health challenge in Japanese Earthquake over the past few months.

　　A．being B．to be

　　C．to have been D．that it is解析：　考查非謂語動(dòng)詞?！皊b./sth.＋be＋reported/said/believed/thought etc.＋to do sth.(＝It is/was＋reported/said/believed/thought etc.＋that...)”為常用句式，由此可排除A和D選項(xiàng)。且根據(jù)題干中的時(shí)間狀語“over the past few months”可知，空格處應(yīng)該使用不定式的完成式。

　　答案：　C

　　2．(2024·江西贛州高三下學(xué)期4月模擬考試)The meeting which is reported ________this month has been

　　put off till the end of next month.

　　A．being held

　　B．to hold

　　C．to be held

　　D．holding

　　解析：　考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意為：本來宣布要這個(gè)月舉行的會(huì)議已經(jīng)被推遲到下月底了。hold與The meeting之間是邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故用被動(dòng)語態(tài)，不定式則表示將來的動(dòng)作。

　　答案：　C

　　3．(2024·湖南省十二校聯(lián)考)—You see，I’m poor in math，but good at English，while you are good at math，but weak in English.

　　—That’s________we should help each other.

　　A．when B．why

　　C．how D．what

　　解析：　句意為：——你瞧，我的數(shù)學(xué)差，但英語好，而你數(shù)學(xué)好，但英語差。——這正是我們應(yīng)該互相幫助的原因。why表示“為什么”，指的是要互相幫助的原因，在表語從句中作原因狀語，符合句意。

　　答案：　B

　　4．(2024·青島模擬)—Have you heard the news that he was admitted into Beijing University?

　　—Yes，that’s________he worked so hard all the time，so his efforts paid off.

　　A．why B．because

　　C．how D．what

　　解析：　根據(jù)語境，前者說的是結(jié)果“他被北京大學(xué)錄取”，后者解釋原因，所以用because。

　　答案：　B

　　5．(2024·唐山摸底考試)Since he was 67，it didn’t seem________that he would continue long in that position.

　　A．impossible B．necessary

　　C．particular D．likely

　　解析：　考查形容詞。句意為：他已經(jīng)67歲了，看起來不可能在那個(gè)職位上待很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了。A、B選項(xiàng)用于It’s impossible/important/necessary/unusual that...句型，that從句常用should＋動(dòng)詞原形，而非would＋動(dòng)詞原形。C項(xiàng)不符合題意，故選D。

　　答案：　D

　　elect v．選擇；決定做某事；選舉某人

　　elect to do...選擇或決定……

　　elect sb.(to be/as)．..選舉某人為……

　　He was elected (as/to be) the new Prime Minister.

　　他被選為新一屆首相。

　　live on繼續(xù)生存；繼續(xù)存在

　　The government has taken measures to make this custom live on.

　　政府已經(jīng)采取措施使這個(gè)風(fēng)俗得以延續(xù)下去。

　　mark out畫線；標(biāo)出……界線When doing my reading，I often mark out what I regard as important in a book.讀書的時(shí)候，我常在書上把我所認(rèn)為重要的地方標(biāo)出。

　　【寫作素材】

　　1．自從1978年改革以來，中國經(jīng)歷了移民大潮。

　　2．據(jù)報(bào)道成千上萬的農(nóng)民從農(nóng)村來到城市。

　　3．盡管辛苦，他們中的多數(shù)人都能適應(yīng)城市生活。

　　4．有些甚至申請(qǐng)到了城市居民權(quán)。

　　5．他們通過努力工作為城市的繁榮作出了貢獻(xiàn)。

　　提示：黑體部分用本單元詞匯表達(dá)。

　　【連句成篇】

　　Since the reform in 1978，China has experienced immigration movements.It is reported that thousands and thousands of farmers came from the countryside to the cities.The majority of them can make a life in the cities despite great hardship，and some even have applied for right to live in

　　the

　　city.They

　　have

　　made

　　great contributions to the boom of the cities by means of working hard.

　　名詞性從句

　　1．(2024·安徽江南十校聯(lián)考)The best moment was________the Chinese player scored the winning goal.

　　A．if B．how

　　C．when D．that

　　解析：　考查表語從句。句意為：最精彩的時(shí)刻是中國隊(duì)選手贏得決勝球時(shí)。when表示“在……時(shí)候，在……情況下”，用于談?wù)撃硞€(gè)時(shí)間或某種情況。

　　答案：　C

　　2．(2024·皖南八校第二次聯(lián)考)________Mo Yan had been awarded the 2024 Nobel Prize for Literature made us very proud.

　　A．As B．That

　　C．Which D．What解析：　考查名詞性從句。句意為：莫言獲得2024年諾貝爾文學(xué)獎(jiǎng)讓我們感到非常自豪。分析句子成分可知，made是謂語動(dòng)詞，us是賓語，very proud是賓語補(bǔ)足語，因此________Mo Yan had been awarded the 2024 Nobel Prize for Literature是主語從句，并在句中作主語，主語從句成分齊全，因此用that作引導(dǎo)詞，不作句子成分，只起連接作用。

　　答案：　B

　　3． (2024·皖南八校第三次聯(lián)考)It hasn’t been made clear________the new underground line is to be open to traffic.

　　A．when

　　B．that

　　C．what

　　D．where

　　解析：　考查名詞性從句。句意為：新的地鐵線路何時(shí)開放還不清楚。句中it是形式主語，空處引導(dǎo)的是主語從句。根據(jù)句意可知選when。

　　答案：　A

　　4．(2024·石家莊質(zhì)檢)At first he hated the new job but decided to give himself a few months to see________it got any better.

　　A．when B．how

　　C．why D．if

　　解析：　考查賓語從句。句意為：一開始他不喜歡這份新工作，但決定給自己幾個(gè)月的時(shí)間看看情況會(huì)不會(huì)有所好轉(zhuǎn)。根據(jù)句意可知，選D項(xiàng)。

　　答案：　D

　　5．(2024·河北保定二模)Can I have a word with________is in charge of the guest room department?

　　A．a(chǎn)nyone B．who

　　C．whom D．whoever

　　解析：　考查賓語從句。此處with之后為介詞的賓語從句，whoever作賓語從句的主語。句意為：我能和負(fù)責(zé)客房部的人談?wù)剢幔?/p>

　　答案：　D

　　選修8 Unit 1（2）

　　That is why today over 40% of Californians speak Spanish as a first or second language.

　　這就是今天有超過40%的加利福尼亞人把西班牙語作為第一或第二語言的原因。

　　(1)This/That is why...為表語從句的常用句型結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“這/那就是為什么……”，用來表示原因。

　　(2)That’s because...這是因?yàn)椤琤ecause從句表示原因

　　(3)The reason why...is/was that...……的原因是……，表語從句常用that引導(dǎo)，而不用because。

　　①Tom came late for the meeting.That_was_because he was ill.

　　湯姆開會(huì)遲到了，那是他病了。

　?、赥om was ill.That_was_why he came late for the meeting.

　　湯姆病了，那就是他開會(huì)遲到的原因。

　?、跿he reason why Tom came late for the meeting was that he was ill.湯姆開會(huì)遲到的原因是他病了。However，it is likely that Native Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago.

　　然而，可能美洲土著人至少一萬五千年前就生活在加利福尼亞。

　　本句式中it為形式主語，真正的主語為that從句。

　　It is likely that...……是可能的，此句型可轉(zhuǎn)化為：sb./sth.be likely to do...某人/物可能干某事。

　?、買t is very likely that，in many schools，the students are going to spend less time in doing homework than they used to.

　　在很多學(xué)校學(xué)生做作業(yè)的時(shí)間有可能比從前少。

　?、贏s far as I know，he is likely to drop out of school to attend to his sick mother.

　　＝As far as I know，it’s_likely_that he will drop out of school to attend to his sick mother.

　　據(jù)我所知，他有可能輟學(xué)照顧生病的母親。

　　It is believed that before long the mix of nationalities will be so great that there will be no distinct major racial or cultural groups，but simply a mixture of many races and cultures.

　　人們認(rèn)為，要不了多久，多種國籍的混合將會(huì)非常之大，以至于不可能存在一種明顯主要的種族或文化群體，而只是多種族、多文化的混合體。

　　It is believed that...人們認(rèn)為……。在該句型中，it是形式主語，that引導(dǎo)主語從句。

　　①It_is_generally_believed_that IT has both advantages and disadvantages.人們普遍認(rèn)為信息技術(shù)既有優(yōu)點(diǎn)又有缺點(diǎn)。

　　It’s said that...據(jù)說……

　　It’s reported that...據(jù)報(bào)道……

　　It’s hoped that...大家希望……

　　It’ s well-known that...眾所周知……

　　It’s thought that...大家認(rèn)為……

　　It’s suggested that...據(jù)建議……

　　②It is hoped that the cost of medical care can be cut down.

　　人們希望醫(yī)療費(fèi)能夠降低。

　　Ⅰ.句型轉(zhuǎn)換

　　1．Human beings are said to be naturally equipped to speak.

　　→________ ________ ________ ________human beings are naturally equipped to speak.

　　答案：　It is said that

　　2．A visit to the rainforest for us students is likely to be an unforgettable experience.

　　→________ ________ ________ ________a visit to the rainforest for us students will be an unforgettable experience.

　　答案：　It is likely that

　?、?單項(xiàng)填空

　　1．(2024·南昌二模)Nuclear radiation is said________the biggest health challenge in Japanese Earthquake over the past few months.

　　A．being B．to be

　　C．to have been D．that it is解析：　考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。“sb./sth.＋be＋reported/said/believed/thought etc.＋to do sth.(＝It is/was＋reported/said/believed/thought etc.＋that...)”為常用句式，由此可排除A和D選項(xiàng)。且根據(jù)題干中的時(shí)間狀語“over the past few months”可知，空格處應(yīng)該使用不定式的完成式。

　　答案：　C

　　2．(2024·江西贛州高三下學(xué)期4月模擬考試)The meeting which is reported ________this month has been

　　put off till the end of next month.

　　A．being held

　　B．to hold

　　C．to be held

　　D．holding

　　解析：　考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意為：本來宣布要這個(gè)月舉行的會(huì)議已經(jīng)被推遲到下月底了。hold與The meeting之間是邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故用被動(dòng)語態(tài)，不定式則表示將來的動(dòng)作。

　　答案：　C

　　3．(2024·湖南省十二校聯(lián)考)—You see，I’m poor in math，but good at English，while you are good at math，but weak in English.

　　—That’s________we should help each other.

　　A．when B．why

　　C．how D．what

　　解析：　句意為：——你瞧，我的數(shù)學(xué)差，但英語好，而你數(shù)學(xué)好，但英語差。——這正是我們應(yīng)該互相幫助的原因。why表示“為什么”，指的是要互相幫助的原因，在表語從句中作原因狀語，符合句意。

　　答案：　B

　　4．(2024·青島模擬)—Have you heard the news that he was admitted into Beijing University?

　　—Yes，that’s________he worked so hard all the time，so his efforts paid off.

　　A．why B．because

　　C．how D．what

　　解析：　根據(jù)語境，前者說的是結(jié)果“他被北京大學(xué)錄取”，后者解釋原因，所以用because。

　　答案：　B

　　5．(2024·唐山摸底考試)Since he was 67，it didn’t seem________that he would continue long in that position.

　　A．impossible B．necessary

　　C．particular D．likely

　　解析：　考查形容詞。句意為：他已經(jīng)67歲了，看起來不可能在那個(gè)職位上待很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了。A、B選項(xiàng)用于It’s impossible/important/necessary/unusual that...句型，that從句常用should＋動(dòng)詞原形，而非would＋動(dòng)詞原形。C項(xiàng)不符合題意，故選D。

　　答案：　D

　　elect v．選擇；決定做某事；選舉某人

　　elect to do...選擇或決定……

　　elect sb.(to be/as)．..選舉某人為……

　　He was elected (as/to be) the new Prime Minister.

　　他被選為新一屆首相。

　　live on繼續(xù)生存；繼續(xù)存在

　　The government has taken measures to make this custom live on.

　　政府已經(jīng)采取措施使這個(gè)風(fēng)俗得以延續(xù)下去。

　　mark out畫線；標(biāo)出……界線When doing my reading，I often mark out what I regard as important in a book.讀書的時(shí)候，我常在書上把我所認(rèn)為重要的地方標(biāo)出。

　　【寫作素材】

　　1．自從1978年改革以來，中國經(jīng)歷了移民大潮。

　　2．據(jù)報(bào)道成千上萬的農(nóng)民從農(nóng)村來到城市。

　　3．盡管辛苦，他們中的多數(shù)人都能適應(yīng)城市生活。

　　4．有些甚至申請(qǐng)到了城市居民權(quán)。

　　5．他們通過努力工作為城市的繁榮作出了貢獻(xiàn)。

　　提示：黑體部分用本單元詞匯表達(dá)。

　　【連句成篇】

　　Since the reform in 1978，China has experienced immigration movements.It is reported that thousands and thousands of farmers came from the countryside to the cities.The majority of them can make a life in the cities despite great hardship，and some even have applied for right to live in

　　the

　　city.They

　　have

　　made

　　great contributions to the boom of the cities by means of working hard.

　　名詞性從句

　　1．(2024·安徽江南十校聯(lián)考)The best moment was________the Chinese player scored the winning goal.

　　A．if B．how

　　C．when D．that

　　解析：　考查表語從句。句意為：最精彩的時(shí)刻是中國隊(duì)選手贏得決勝球時(shí)。when表示“在……時(shí)候，在……情況下”，用于談?wù)撃硞€(gè)時(shí)間或某種情況。

　　答案：　C

　　2．(2024·皖南八校第二次聯(lián)考)________Mo Yan had been awarded the 2024 Nobel Prize for Literature made us very proud.

　　A．As B．That

　　C．Which D．What解析：　考查名詞性從句。句意為：莫言獲得2024年諾貝爾文學(xué)獎(jiǎng)讓我們感到非常自豪。分析句子成分可知，made是謂語動(dòng)詞，us是賓語，very proud是賓語補(bǔ)足語，因此________Mo Yan had been awarded the 2024 Nobel Prize for Literature是主語從句，并在句中作主語，主語從句成分齊全，因此用that作引導(dǎo)詞，不作句子成分，只起連接作用。

　　答案：　B

　　3． (2024·皖南八校第三次聯(lián)考)It hasn’t been made clear________the new underground line is to be open to traffic.

　　A．when

　　B．that

　　C．what

　　D．where

　　解析：　考查名詞性從句。句意為：新的地鐵線路何時(shí)開放還不清楚。句中it是形式主語，空處引導(dǎo)的是主語從句。根據(jù)句意可知選when。

　　答案：　A

　　4．(2024·石家莊質(zhì)檢)At first he hated the new job but decided to give himself a few months to see________it got any better.

　　A．when B．how

　　C．why D．if

　　解析：　考查賓語從句。句意為：一開始他不喜歡這份新工作，但決定給自己幾個(gè)月的時(shí)間看看情況會(huì)不會(huì)有所好轉(zhuǎn)。根據(jù)句意可知，選D項(xiàng)。

　　答案：　D

　　5．(2024·河北保定二模)Can I have a word with________is in charge of the guest room department?

　　A．a(chǎn)nyone B．who

　　C．whom D．whoever

　　解析：　考查賓語從句。此處with之后為介詞的賓語從句，whoever作賓語從句的主語。句意為：我能和負(fù)責(zé)客房部的人談?wù)剢幔?/p>

　　答案：　D