五、“似是而非”定語從句 第一組 ①It was the small city ________ I once worked. ②It was in the small city ________ I once worked. A．where

　　B．which

　　C．that

　　D．on which 答案?、貯?、贑 強調句型可以還原：若將It is/was和that/who去掉而句中不缺成分，結構完整，說明原句是強調句型；若結構不完整，則說明原句可能為定語從句。 第二組 ①She is such a pretty girl ________ I daren't look directly at. ②She is such a pretty girl ________ I daren't look directly at her. A．as

　　B．like

　　C．which

　　D．that 答案?、貯?、贒 比較such ...as與such...that：前者引導的是定語從句，as須作主語、賓語、表語等；后者引導的是結果狀語從句，that不作成分。 第三組 ①I still live ________ I was born. ②I still live in the town ________ I was born. ③I still have a question ________ I was born. A．where

　　B．in which

　　C．A & B 答案　①A?、贑?、跘 where引導定語從句時，其前須有地點名詞，where?？捎谩敖樵~＋which”取代；where引導的從句前如無地點名詞，則不是定語從句，where就不可用“介詞＋which”取代。 第四組 ①________ is known to everyone，the moon travels round the earth once every month. ②________ is known to everyone that the moon travels round the earth once every month. ③________ is known to everyone is that the moon travels round the earth once every month. A．It

　　B．As

　　C．That

　　D．What 答案?、貰?、贏　③D as引導的定語從句位于句首時，與主句之間須用逗號隔開；it作形式主語時，其后一般不用逗號。what引導的主語從句位于句首時，其后一般不用逗號，主語從句后須有謂語動詞。 第五組 ①I have two sisters，________ are teachers. ②I have two sisters，and ________ are teachers. ③I have two sisters；________ are teachers. ④I have two sisters，________ teachers. A．both of who B．both of them C．both of whom 答案　①C?、贐?、跙　④B 非限制性定語從句：從句前須有逗號，沒有連詞，且從句中須有謂語動詞；并列句：一般由and等并列連詞連接或中間有分號隔開；獨立主格結構：無謂語動詞。 第六組 ①The fact ________ he is lying is clear. ②The fact ________ he told us was surprising. A．that

　　B．which

　　C．不填

　　D．A，B&C 答案?、貯?、贒 名詞后接同位語從句時，that不在從句中作成分，that一般不可??；后接定語從句時，that須在從句中作主語、賓語、表語等，作賓語時可省。 高頻語法講練 第一章　定語從句

　　△定語從句講解△ 一、定語從句的三個基本概念 1．先行詞：被定語從句修飾的名詞、代詞或整個句子。 2．關系詞：代替先行詞，用來連接先行詞和定語從句，同時在定語從句中充當主語、賓語、表語、定語、狀語等成分。 3．定語從句：放在先行詞之后，用來修飾先行詞的句子。 【例1】 This is the boy ________ we are looking for. A．what

　　B．which

　　C．that

　　D．whose 答案　C 二、判斷關系詞的方法 1．看是限制性定語從句還是非限制性定語從句。 2．看先行詞指人還是指物。 3．根據關系詞在從句中所作的成分。 【例2】 The person ________ often comes to help me is my father. A．who

　　B．whom

　　C．what

　　D．which 答案　A 【例3】 I'll never forget those years ________ I lived in the country with the farmers，________ has a great effect on my later life. A．in which；that

　　B．when；which C．which；that

　　D．when；who 答案　B 三、關系詞的基本用法 1．關系代詞that的用法 先行詞是人或物，that在從句中作主語、賓語、表語。 【例4】 The student ________ is studying English often gives me books ________ I want very much. A．that；that

　　B．which；which C．that；what

　　D．which；that 答案　A 【例5】 China isn't the country ________ it used to be. A．which

　　B．that

　　C．as

　　D．where 答案　B 2．關系代詞which的用法 先行詞是物，which在從句中作主語、賓語。 【例6】 In fact the Swede didn't understand the three questions ________ were asked in French. A．where

　　B．who

　　C．in which

　　D．which 答案　D 3．關系代詞who/whom的用法 先行詞是人，who在從句中作主語或賓語，whom只作賓語。 【例7】 I've become good friends with several of the students in my school ________ I met in the English speech contest last year.

　　(2010·湖南) A．who

　　B．where

　　C．when

　　D．which 答案　A 【例8】 Do you know the woman ________ we met at the gate? A．which

　　B．what

　　C．whom

　　D．where 答案　C 4．關系代詞whose的用法 先行詞是人或物，whose在從句中作定語。whose＋n.＝ the＋n.＋of which/whom＝ of which/whom＋the＋n. 【例9】 His parents wouldn't let him marry anyone ________ family was poor. A．of whom

　　B．whom C．of whose

　　D．whose 答案　A 【例10】 Please pass me the dictionary ________ cover is black. A．of which

　　B．which C．of whose

　　D．whose 答案　D 5．關系副詞when的用法 先行詞是時間，when在從句中作時間狀語。 【例11】 That's the day ________ my father was born in America. A．that

　　B．when

　　C．where

　　D．which 答案　B 6．關系副詞where的用法 先行詞是地點，where在從句中作地點狀語。 【例12】 —Can you believe I had to pay 30 dollars for a haircut? —You should try the barber's ________ I go.It's only 15.(2010·天津) A．as

　　B．which

　　C．where

　　D．that 答案　C 7．關系副詞why的用法 先行詞是reason，why在從句中作原因狀語。 【例13】 Do you know the reason ________ he was late for the party? A．that

　　B．when

　　C．why

　　D．how 答案　C 8．關系代詞but的用法 先行詞是否定，but本身也是否定且在從句中一般只作主語。but ＝ that ...not 【例14】 In the world there is no one ________ has a few faults. A．that

　　B．but

　　C．who

　　D．whom 答案　B 四、定語從句的注意事項 1．限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句的比較 限制性定語從句 非限制性定語從句 形　式 其前無逗號 其前有逗號 翻　譯 譯在先行詞前(即：從句譯作先行詞的定語) 譯成與主句并列的一個分句 (即：譯作兩句) 功　能 修飾名詞或代詞 可修飾名詞或代詞，也可修飾整個主句 關系詞 可用that引導；作賓語的關系代詞?？墒?不可用that引導；關系詞一律不省 意　義 起限制作用(若被省 去，原句意義不完整) 起補充說明作用(若被省去，原句意義不受影響) 【例15】 He has a strange character，________ makes him hard to get along with. A．who

　　B．which

　　C．that

　　D．what 答案　B 【例16】 That is Tom's father ________ works in Chuangxin. A．whom

　　B．who

　　C．that

　　D．what 答案　B 2．注意定語從句謂語動詞的形式 關系代詞作定語從句的主語時，從句的謂語動詞必須與先行詞保持一致。 【例17】 He who ________ reach the Great Wall is not a true man. A．don't

　　B．doesn't

　　C．isn't

　　D．aren't 答案　B 下列兩種情況須特別注意 (1)在“one of＋復數名詞”后面，定語從句的謂語用復數。 (2)在“the (only) one of＋復數名詞”后面，定語從句的謂語用單數。 【例18】 Barbara is easy to recognize as she's the only one of the women who ________ evening dress.(2010·全國Ⅱ) A．wear

　　B．wears C．has worn

　　D．have worn 答案　B 3．關系詞常可省略的情況 (1)關系代詞在限制性定語從句中作賓語時； (2)先行詞是某些表示時間的名詞(如time等)時； (3)先行詞the way后面的關系詞作狀語時(可理解為省略關系詞that或in which)。 【例19】 It's time ________ we went to school. A．when

　　B．as

　　C．不填

　　D．which 答案　C 4．由“介詞＋whom/which”引出的定語從句 介詞的選用：(1)看介詞和從句中的動詞、形容詞的習慣搭配； (2)看介詞和前面先行詞的習慣搭配； (3)看從句謂語部分與前面先行詞之間的搭配； (4)表示“所有關系”或整體中的一部分時常用of。(注意：該結構中的關系代詞一般不用that/who，且其中的whom/which不可省。) 【例21】 The settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people，many of ________ left their village homes for a better life in the city.

　　(2010·浙江) A．whom

　　B．which

　　C．them

　　D．those 答案　A 【例22】 Wind power is an ancient source of energy ________ we may return in the near future.

　　(2010·上海) A．on which

　　B．by which C．to which

　　D．from which 答案　C 【例23】 Is this the dictionary ________ you spent five dollars? A．to which

　　B．for which C．on which

　　D．that 答案　C 5．先行詞指“物”時，用that一般不用which的情況 (1)先行詞是不定代詞all，none，little，much，everything，nothing等時； (2)先行詞被形容詞最高級修飾時； (3)先行詞被序數詞或the last，the only，the very修飾時； (4)先行詞既有人又有物時； (5)關系代詞在限制性定語從句中作表語時。 【例24】 I refuse to accept the blame for something ________ was someone else's fault.

　　(2010·全國Ⅱ) A．who

　　B．that

　　C．as

　　D．what 答案　B 【例25】 They talked about the things and persons ________ they remembered in the school in the past. A．which

　　B．that

　　C．whom

　　D．what 答案　B 【例26】 She was the only person in her office ________ was invited to the ball. A．who

　　B．that

　　C．where

　　D．which 答案　A/B 6．as和which引導非限制性定語從句的比較 相同點：(1)先行詞都可指代整個主句；(2)都可在從句中作主語、賓語或表語。 不同點：(1)as引導的從句可位于句首，而which則不行； (2)as有“正如……”之意，而which表示“這一點”。 【例27】 ________ is known to everyone，the moon travels round the earth once every month. A．It

　　B．As

　　C．Which

　　D．What 答案　B 【例28】 My father has returned from abroad，________ makes our family very happy. A．that

　　B．which

　　C．it

　　D．as 答案　B 7．與the same連用的關系詞 比較the same...as與the same...that：一般說來，前者表“同類”，后者表“同一”。 【例29】 Tom took away the camera because it was just the same camera ________ he lost last week. A．as

　　B．like

　　C．which

　　D．that 答案　D 8．先行詞表示時間、地點或原因時，關系詞用that或which的情況 有時，先行詞雖表時間、地點或原因，但關系詞在從句中作主語、賓語等而不是作狀語，這時，不用when，where或why，要用that或which。 【例30】 I can never forget the day ________ we worked together and the day ________ we spent together. A．when；which

　　B．which；when C．what；that

　　D．on which；when 答案　A 【例31】 This is the reason ________ prevented us from coming. A．why

　　B．for which C．that

　　D．what 答案　C

　　五、“似是而非”定語從句 第一組 ①It was the small city ________ I once worked. ②It was in the small city ________ I once worked. A．where

　　B．which

　　C．that

　　D．on which 答案　①A　②C 強調句型可以還原：若將It is/was和that/who去掉而句中不缺成分，結構完整，說明原句是強調句型；若結構不完整，則說明原句可能為定語從句。 第二組 ①She is such a pretty girl ________ I daren't look directly at. ②She is such a pretty girl ________ I daren't look directly at her. A．as

　　B．like

　　C．which

　　D．that 答案?、貯?、贒 比較such ...as與such...that：前者引導的是定語從句，as須作主語、賓語、表語等；后者引導的是結果狀語從句，that不作成分。 第三組 ①I still live ________ I was born. ②I still live in the town ________ I was born. ③I still have a question ________ I was born. A．where

　　B．in which

　　C．A & B 答案　①A　②C?、跘 where引導定語從句時，其前須有地點名詞，where常可用“介詞＋which”取代；where引導的從句前如無地點名詞，則不是定語從句，where就不可用“介詞＋which”取代。 第四組 ①________ is known to everyone，the moon travels round the earth once every month. ②________ is known to everyone that the moon travels round the earth once every month. ③________ is known to everyone is that the moon travels round the earth once every month. A．It

　　B．As

　　C．That

　　D．What 答案?、貰?、贏　③D as引導的定語從句位于句首時，與主句之間須用逗號隔開；it作形式主語時，其后一般不用逗號。what引導的主語從句位于句首時，其后一般不用逗號，主語從句后須有謂語動詞。 第五組 ①I have two sisters，________ are teachers. ②I have two sisters，and ________ are teachers. ③I have two sisters；________ are teachers. ④I have two sisters，________ teachers. A．both of who B．both of them C．both of whom 答案?、貱?、贐　③B?、蹷 非限制性定語從句：從句前須有逗號，沒有連詞，且從句中須有謂語動詞；并列句：一般由and等并列連詞連接或中間有分號隔開；獨立主格結構：無謂語動詞。 第六組 ①The fact ________ he is lying is clear. ②The fact ________ he told us was surprising. A．that

　　B．which

　　C．不填

　　D．A，B&C 答案?、貯　②D 名詞后接同位語從句時，that不在從句中作成分，that一般不可?。缓蠼佣ㄕZ從句時，that須在從句中作主語、賓語、表語等，作賓語時可省。 高頻語法講練 第一章　定語從句

　　△定語從句講解△ 一、定語從句的三個基本概念 1．先行詞：被定語從句修飾的名詞、代詞或整個句子。 2．關系詞：代替先行詞，用來連接先行詞和定語從句，同時在定語從句中充當主語、賓語、表語、定語、狀語等成分。 3．定語從句：放在先行詞之后，用來修飾先行詞的句子。 【例1】 This is the boy ________ we are looking for. A．what

　　B．which

　　C．that

　　D．whose 答案　C 二、判斷關系詞的方法 1．看是限制性定語從句還是非限制性定語從句。 2．看先行詞指人還是指物。 3．根據關系詞在從句中所作的成分。 【例2】 The person ________ often comes to help me is my father. A．who

　　B．whom

　　C．what

　　D．which 答案　A 【例3】 I'll never forget those years ________ I lived in the country with the farmers，________ has a great effect on my later life. A．in which；that

　　B．when；which C．which；that

　　D．when；who 答案　B 三、關系詞的基本用法 1．關系代詞that的用法 先行詞是人或物，that在從句中作主語、賓語、表語。 【例4】 The student ________ is studying English often gives me books ________ I want very much. A．that；that

　　B．which；which C．that；what

　　D．which；that 答案　A 【例5】 China isn't the country ________ it used to be. A．which

　　B．that

　　C．as

　　D．where 答案　B 2．關系代詞which的用法 先行詞是物，which在從句中作主語、賓語。 【例6】 In fact the Swede didn't understand the three questions ________ were asked in French. A．where

　　B．who

　　C．in which

　　D．which 答案　D 3．關系代詞who/whom的用法 先行詞是人，who在從句中作主語或賓語，whom只作賓語。 【例7】 I've become good friends with several of the students in my school ________ I met in the English speech contest last year.

　　(2010·湖南) A．who

　　B．where

　　C．when

　　D．which 答案　A 【例8】 Do you know the woman ________ we met at the gate? A．which

　　B．what

　　C．whom

　　D．where 答案　C 4．關系代詞whose的用法 先行詞是人或物，whose在從句中作定語。whose＋n.＝ the＋n.＋of which/whom＝ of which/whom＋the＋n. 【例9】 His parents wouldn't let him marry anyone ________ family was poor. A．of whom

　　B．whom C．of whose

　　D．whose 答案　A 【例10】 Please pass me the dictionary ________ cover is black. A．of which

　　B．which C．of whose

　　D．whose 答案　D 5．關系副詞when的用法 先行詞是時間，when在從句中作時間狀語。 【例11】 That's the day ________ my father was born in America. A．that

　　B．when

　　C．where

　　D．which 答案　B 6．關系副詞where的用法 先行詞是地點，where在從句中作地點狀語。 【例12】 —Can you believe I had to pay 30 dollars for a haircut? —You should try the barber's ________ I go.It's only 15.(2010·天津) A．as

　　B．which

　　C．where

　　D．that 答案　C 7．關系副詞why的用法 先行詞是reason，why在從句中作原因狀語。 【例13】 Do you know the reason ________ he was late for the party? A．that

　　B．when

　　C．why

　　D．how 答案　C 8．關系代詞but的用法 先行詞是否定，but本身也是否定且在從句中一般只作主語。but ＝ that ...not 【例14】 In the world there is no one ________ has a few faults. A．that

　　B．but

　　C．who

　　D．whom 答案　B 四、定語從句的注意事項 1．限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句的比較 限制性定語從句 非限制性定語從句 形　式 其前無逗號 其前有逗號 翻　譯 譯在先行詞前(即：從句譯作先行詞的定語) 譯成與主句并列的一個分句 (即：譯作兩句) 功　能 修飾名詞或代詞 可修飾名詞或代詞，也可修飾整個主句 關系詞 可用that引導；作賓語的關系代詞?？墒?不可用that引導；關系詞一律不省 意　義 起限制作用(若被省 去，原句意義不完整) 起補充說明作用(若被省去，原句意義不受影響) 【例15】 He has a strange character，________ makes him hard to get along with. A．who

　　B．which

　　C．that

　　D．what 答案　B 【例16】 That is Tom's father ________ works in Chuangxin. A．whom

　　B．who

　　C．that

　　D．what 答案　B 2．注意定語從句謂語動詞的形式 關系代詞作定語從句的主語時，從句的謂語動詞必須與先行詞保持一致。 【例17】 He who ________ reach the Great Wall is not a true man. A．don't

　　B．doesn't

　　C．isn't

　　D．aren't 答案　B 下列兩種情況須特別注意 (1)在“one of＋復數名詞”后面，定語從句的謂語用復數。 (2)在“the (only) one of＋復數名詞”后面，定語從句的謂語用單數。 【例18】 Barbara is easy to recognize as she's the only one of the women who ________ evening dress.(2010·全國Ⅱ) A．wear

　　B．wears C．has worn

　　D．have worn 答案　B 3．關系詞常可省略的情況 (1)關系代詞在限制性定語從句中作賓語時； (2)先行詞是某些表示時間的名詞(如time等)時； (3)先行詞the way后面的關系詞作狀語時(可理解為省略關系詞that或in which)。 【例19】 It's time ________ we went to school. A．when

　　B．as

　　C．不填

　　D．which 答案　C 4．由“介詞＋whom/which”引出的定語從句 介詞的選用：(1)看介詞和從句中的動詞、形容詞的習慣搭配； (2)看介詞和前面先行詞的習慣搭配； (3)看從句謂語部分與前面先行詞之間的搭配； (4)表示“所有關系”或整體中的一部分時常用of。(注意：該結構中的關系代詞一般不用that/who，且其中的whom/which不可省。) 【例21】 The settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people，many of ________ left their village homes for a better life in the city.

　　(2010·浙江) A．whom

　　B．which

　　C．them

　　D．those 答案　A 【例22】 Wind power is an ancient source of energy ________ we may return in the near future.

　　(2010·上海) A．on which

　　B．by which C．to which

　　D．from which 答案　C 【例23】 Is this the dictionary ________ you spent five dollars? A．to which

　　B．for which C．on which

　　D．that 答案　C 5．先行詞指“物”時，用that一般不用which的情況 (1)先行詞是不定代詞all，none，little，much，everything，nothing等時； (2)先行詞被形容詞最高級修飾時； (3)先行詞被序數詞或the last，the only，the very修飾時； (4)先行詞既有人又有物時； (5)關系代詞在限制性定語從句中作表語時。 【例24】 I refuse to accept the blame for something ________ was someone else's fault.

　　(2010·全國Ⅱ) A．who

　　B．that

　　C．as

　　D．what 答案　B 【例25】 They talked about the things and persons ________ they remembered in the school in the past. A．which

　　B．that

　　C．whom

　　D．what 答案　B 【例26】 She was the only person in her office ________ was invited to the ball. A．who

　　B．that

　　C．where

　　D．which 答案　A/B 6．as和which引導非限制性定語從句的比較 相同點：(1)先行詞都可指代整個主句；(2)都可在從句中作主語、賓語或表語。 不同點：(1)as引導的從句可位于句首，而which則不行； (2)as有“正如……”之意，而which表示“這一點”。 【例27】 ________ is known to everyone，the moon travels round the earth once every month. A．It

　　B．As

　　C．Which

　　D．What 答案　B 【例28】 My father has returned from abroad，________ makes our family very happy. A．that

　　B．which

　　C．it

　　D．as 答案　B 7．與the same連用的關系詞 比較the same...as與the same...that：一般說來，前者表“同類”，后者表“同一”。 【例29】 Tom took away the camera because it was just the same camera ________ he lost last week. A．as

　　B．like

　　C．which

　　D．that 答案　D 8．先行詞表示時間、地點或原因時，關系詞用that或which的情況 有時，先行詞雖表時間、地點或原因，但關系詞在從句中作主語、賓語等而不是作狀語，這時，不用when，where或why，要用that或which。 【例30】 I can never forget the day ________ we worked together and the day ________ we spent together. A．when；which

　　B．which；when C．what；that

　　D．on which；when 答案　A 【例31】 This is the reason ________ prevented us from coming. A．why

　　B．for which C．that

　　D．what 答案　C