1. 段落類型與篇章把握

　　段落是篇章的主體結(jié)構(gòu)，是作者觀點(diǎn)的主要表現(xiàn)單位。一篇結(jié)構(gòu)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)奈恼?，其?nèi)部的不同段落承擔(dān)了不同的表達(dá)功能，如說明性文章中有段落來闡明現(xiàn)象，做出定義;而議論性文章中我們常常讀到大量事實(shí)及數(shù)據(jù)占據(jù)主要篇幅的例證類型的段落。這些都是一個(gè)概念功能段落的具體體現(xiàn)。熟悉這些段落的基本特征并在此基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行快速判斷和預(yù)測(cè)，能有效提高雅思考試中應(yīng)試者的閱讀效率和準(zhǔn)確性。

　　2. 段落閱讀：各種功能段落

　　Contrast Comparison型段落

　　比較和對(duì)比型段落多用于說明性文章。它的特點(diǎn)是通過對(duì)兩個(gè)或更多的對(duì)象進(jìn)行比較或?qū)φ?，陳述它們的異同，從而說明作者的觀點(diǎn)，引出結(jié)論。作者根據(jù)寫作目的需要來分配筆墨的輕重稀濃。對(duì)于論述對(duì)象的描述有的平起平坐，有的則有所側(cè)重。

　　Example 1：

　　The pure or theoretical scientist does original research in order to understand the basic laws of nature that govern our world. The applied scientist adapts this knowledge to practical problems. Neither is more important than the other, however, for the two groups are very much related.

　　由此段可知：作者無意厚此薄彼。首先分別介紹理論科學(xué)家和應(yīng)用科學(xué)家的不同工作領(lǐng)域，然后指出他們是同等重要、相互依存。所以此段基本屬于平起平坐一類。

　　Example 2：

　　At the University of Kansas art museum, investigators tested the effects of different colored walls on two groups of visitors to an exhibit of paintings. For the first group, the room was painted white, for the second, dark brown. The experiment revealed that those who entered the dark brown room walked more quickly, covered more area, and spent less time in the room than the people in the white environment. Dark brown stimulated more activity, but the activity ended sooner.

　　這一段便屬于有所側(cè)重的一類。作者指出實(shí)驗(yàn)在白、棕兩種顏色的房間進(jìn)行，但大多筆墨都用于描述深棕色房間對(duì)于人們刺激而帶來多動(dòng)行為的事實(shí)，并在說明中采用了一些含比較級(jí)的句子，這樣白房間里的實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)論便不言而喻了。

　　對(duì)比、比較類段落的布局大致有三種：先比較，后結(jié)論，Example 1便是此類;先主題句子，再比較，后結(jié)論，Example 2屬此類;第三類是先結(jié)論，后比較，下面的例子較典型。

　　Example 3：

　　Colors do influence our moods; there is no doubt about it. A yellow room makes most people feel more cheerful and more relaxed than a dark green one; and a red dress brings warmth and cheer to the saddest winter day. On the other hand, black is depressing

　　1. 段落類型與篇章把握

　　段落是篇章的主體結(jié)構(gòu)，是作者觀點(diǎn)的主要表現(xiàn)單位。一篇結(jié)構(gòu)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)奈恼?，其?nèi)部的不同段落承擔(dān)了不同的表達(dá)功能，如說明性文章中有段落來闡明現(xiàn)象，做出定義;而議論性文章中我們常常讀到大量事實(shí)及數(shù)據(jù)占據(jù)主要篇幅的例證類型的段落。這些都是一個(gè)概念功能段落的具體體現(xiàn)。熟悉這些段落的基本特征并在此基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行快速判斷和預(yù)測(cè)，能有效提高雅思考試中應(yīng)試者的閱讀效率和準(zhǔn)確性。

　　2. 段落閱讀：各種功能段落

　　Contrast Comparison型段落

　　比較和對(duì)比型段落多用于說明性文章。它的特點(diǎn)是通過對(duì)兩個(gè)或更多的對(duì)象進(jìn)行比較或?qū)φ?，陳述它們的異同，從而說明作者的觀點(diǎn)，引出結(jié)論。作者根據(jù)寫作目的需要來分配筆墨的輕重稀濃。對(duì)于論述對(duì)象的描述有的平起平坐，有的則有所側(cè)重。

　　Example 1：

　　The pure or theoretical scientist does original research in order to understand the basic laws of nature that govern our world. The applied scientist adapts this knowledge to practical problems. Neither is more important than the other, however, for the two groups are very much related.

　　由此段可知：作者無意厚此薄彼。首先分別介紹理論科學(xué)家和應(yīng)用科學(xué)家的不同工作領(lǐng)域，然后指出他們是同等重要、相互依存。所以此段基本屬于平起平坐一類。

　　Example 2：

　　At the University of Kansas art museum, investigators tested the effects of different colored walls on two groups of visitors to an exhibit of paintings. For the first group, the room was painted white, for the second, dark brown. The experiment revealed that those who entered the dark brown room walked more quickly, covered more area, and spent less time in the room than the people in the white environment. Dark brown stimulated more activity, but the activity ended sooner.

　　這一段便屬于有所側(cè)重的一類。作者指出實(shí)驗(yàn)在白、棕兩種顏色的房間進(jìn)行，但大多筆墨都用于描述深棕色房間對(duì)于人們刺激而帶來多動(dòng)行為的事實(shí)，并在說明中采用了一些含比較級(jí)的句子，這樣白房間里的實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)論便不言而喻了。

　　對(duì)比、比較類段落的布局大致有三種：先比較，后結(jié)論，Example 1便是此類;先主題句子，再比較，后結(jié)論，Example 2屬此類;第三類是先結(jié)論，后比較，下面的例子較典型。

　　Example 3：

　　Colors do influence our moods; there is no doubt about it. A yellow room makes most people feel more cheerful and more relaxed than a dark green one; and a red dress brings warmth and cheer to the saddest winter day. On the other hand, black is depressing