課時作業(yè)(四)

　　(時間：45分鐘　滿分：100分)

　　.單句語法填空

　　1．It’s useless (use) arguing with the foolish person.

　　2．Seeing the frightening (frighten) scene, the boy began to cry.

　　3．The girl is an extremely (extreme) popular student in the class, because she is very kind.

　　4．It rained for two weeks on end, completely ruining (ruin) our holiday.

　　5．The little girl burst out crying (cry) when she fell down.

　　6．On arriving there, we expressed our congratulations (congratulate) to him on his success.

　　7．“I’d like to give my thanks to those who have helped my son survive this terrible disease，”said the woman on TV.

　　8．It is reported that by the end of next week the price will_have_risen (rise) by about 10%.

　　9．The girl was sitting on the bench in the park，burying (bury) her head in the book in her hands.

　　10．Judging (judge) from his happy look on the face, he must have passed the exam this time.

　　Ⅱ.單句改錯

　　1．Some basketball fans burst into crying the instant they heard Tracy McGrady retired from NBA.crying→tears或者into→out

　　2．The rescue team has saved more than ten people trapping under the collapsed buildings since the earthquake occurred in Ludian.

　　trapping→trapped

　　3．I haven’t read all of his books before, but judged from the one I have read, I think he’s a very promising writer.

　　judged→judging

　　4．Don’t handle the vase as if it is made of steel.

　　is→were

　　5．Following the girl, we went into a hall, on which walls hung a few pictures of some famous scientists.which→whose

　　Ⅲ.完形填空

　　Once there was a girl called Arachne who was very proud of her skill at weaving.Many people came to see her __1__ her threads red，blue，green or yellow that made her __2__ pictures glow with life.“The goddess Athene __3__ have given you such a gift，”they said.But Arachne tossed her head.“No，”she replied __4__.“I’ve taught myself everything I know.”__5__ those words，the goddess Athene decided to teach her a lesson.First she __6__ herself as an old woman and __7__ Arachne’s door.When she opened it，the goddess warned her，“You shouldn’t compare yourself with the great Athene.You should be more __8__.”At that Arachne grew very angry.“Let her come here and have a __9__ with me.Then we’ll see who’s better at weaving！”__10__ Athene threw off her disguise and the contest began.

　　All day the two contestants wove bright __11__ into marvellous pictures.Arachne’s was definitely __12__ in skill and design.At that Athene grew __13__ angry that she hit Arachne.At once the girl became smaller and smaller.Her head disappeared and her body became __14__.Her human arms and legs disappeared to be replaced with twice as many thinner insect-like __15__.As Arachne ran to hide，Athene laughed __16__，“You may live，Arachne，but you will do your weaving __17__ from now on.”Hearing those words，Arachne began to __18__ a thread and to weave a pattern in the air.She had become the first __19__.Since then she has continued to recreate her lost __20__ beautiful masterpiece in her webs，and all other spiders have followed her.

　　語篇解讀　本文講述了一個神話故事。在古希臘神話中，有個叫阿拉克尼的人間少女，她很自豪有一手非凡的紡織和刺繡本領(lǐng)。雅典娜決定用實力教訓一下她的狂妄，但阿拉克尼用實力戰(zhàn)勝了雅典娜。最后，惱羞成怒的雅典娜把阿拉克尼變成了蜘蛛。1．A.color　B．do

　　C．print D．describe

　　A　[color意為“染色，上色”；do意為“做，干”；print意為“印刷”；describe意為“描繪”。根據(jù)此空后面的red，blue，green or yellow可推斷出許多人來看她染色(color)，故A項正確。]

　　2．A.taken B．woven

　　C．drawn D．moved

　　B　[根據(jù)文章第一句Once there was a girl called Arachne who was very proud of her skill at weaving.可知，她的畫是編織(woven)而成的，故B項正確。]

　　3．A.should B．could

　　C．must D．might

　　C　[根據(jù)語境可知此處意為“雅典娜女神肯定賦予了你這樣的天賦”，表示人們的一種肯定推測，故用must have done形式，故C項正確。]

　　4．A.proudly B．a(chǎn)ngrily

　　C．kindly D．friendly

　　A　[proudly意為“自豪地”；angrily意為“生氣地”；kindly意為“善良地”；friendly意為“友好的”。從第一段第一句可知阿拉克尼很自豪(proudly)有一手非凡的紡織和刺繡本領(lǐng)，故A項正確。]

　　5．A.Saying B．Finishing

　　C．Hearing D．Listening

　　C　[根據(jù)語境可知此處表示聽到她的話，女神決定教訓一下她，故C項正確。]

　　6．A.disappointed B．disguised

　　C．discouraged D．disaffected

　　B　[disappoint意為“使失望”；disguise意為“掩飾，偽裝”；discourage意為“阻止”；disaffect意為“使疏遠，使不滿意”。根據(jù)此空后的as an old woman可知此處表示女神偽裝成一個老婦人，故B項正確。]

　　7．A.took on B．put on

　　C．turned on D．knocked on

　　D　[take on意為“承擔；呈現(xiàn)”；put on意為“穿上；上演”；turn on意為“打開”；knock on意為“敲擊”。根據(jù)下句的When she opened it可知此處應該是“敲門”，故D項正確。]

　　8．A.careful B．humble

　　C．proud D．honest

　　B　[careful意為“仔細的；小心的”；humble意為“謙虛的”；proud意為“自豪的”；honest意為“誠實的”。根據(jù)此空前的．..the goddess warned her，“You shouldn’t

　　compare yourself with the great Athene...”可知，女神警告阿拉克尼要謙虛，故B項正確。]

　　9．A.conversation B．fight

　　C．competition D．meeting

　　C　[conversation意為“交談，會話”；fight意為“打架；戰(zhàn)斗”；competition意為“競爭，比賽”；meeting意為“會議”。根據(jù)下句的Then we’ll see who’s better at weaving！和．..and the contest began.可推斷，阿拉克尼要與女神比賽，故C項正確。]

　　10．A.Immediately B．Fortunately

　　C．Hopefully D．Generally

　　A　[immediately意為“立刻地”；fortunately意為“幸運地”；hopefully意為“有希望地，有前途地”；generally意為“通常，一般地”。根據(jù)此空后的．..Athene threw off her disguise and the contest began.可推斷，此處表示女神立即扔掉偽裝與她比賽，故A項正確。]

　　11．A.colors B．threads

　　C．wool D．feathers

　　B　[color意為“顏色”；thread意為“線”；wool意為“羊毛”；feather意為“羽毛”。編織當然是用彩線編織成美麗的圖案，故B項正確。]

　　12．A.superior B．inferior

　　C．good D．excellent

　　A　[superior意為“更勝一籌的，出眾的”；inferior意為“差的，下級的”；good意為“好的”；excellent意為“優(yōu)秀的”。根據(jù)下文女神生氣以及最后一句中．..she has continued to recreate her lost ________ beautiful masterpiece...可知，阿拉克尼技高一籌，故A項正確。]

　　13．A.such B．too

　　C．very D．so

　　D　[“so＋adj.＋that...”為固定句式，意為“如此……以至于……”，即D項正確。]

　　14．A.longer B．prettier

　　C．bigger D．rounder

　　D　[longer意為“更長的”；prettier意為“更漂亮的”；bigger意為“更大的”；rounder意為“更圓的”。根據(jù)常識可知人的軀干本來就是圓的，這時更圓了，故D項正確。]

　　15．A.heads B．eyes

　　C．legs D．ears

　　C　[根據(jù)此空前的Her human arms and legs...可知表示長出像昆蟲一樣的腿，故C項正確。]

　　16．A.unhappily B．uncertainly

　　C．untruly D．unkindly

　　D　[unhappily意為“不開心地”；uncertainly意為“不確定地”；untruly意為“不正確地”；unkindly意為“不近人情地，不客氣地”。從上下文可知，女神對于阿拉克尼的這種高傲行為感到很生氣，故此處表示她不客氣地說，故D項正確。]

　　17．A.on the ground B．in the air

　　C．a(chǎn)t home D．on the wall

　　B　[on the ground意為“在地上”；in the air意為“在空中”；at home意為“在家”；on the wall意為“在墻上”。根據(jù)第18空后的to weave a pattern in the air可知B項正確。]

　　18．A.preserve B．press

　　C．prepare D．produce

　　D　[preserve意為“保護；保存”；press意為“壓”；prepare意為“準備”；produce意為“生產(chǎn)”。從語境可知，阿拉克尼此時像蜘蛛一樣在空中抽絲紡線，故D項正確。]

　　19．A.mosquito B．fly

　　C．spider D．insect

　　C　[mosquito意為“蚊子”；fly意為“蒼蠅”；spider意為“蜘蛛”；insect意為“昆蟲”。根據(jù)第20空后的．..and all other spiders have followed her.可知C項正確。]

　　20．A.and B．or

　　C．but D．so

　　C　[根據(jù)此空前的lost和此空后的beautiful可知前后語義相反，所以用but表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。]

　　Ⅳ.閱讀理解

　　(2024·銀川高三一模)The decision of the Third Plenum of the 18th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China to allow a married couple to have two children if one of the couple is an only child is indeed welcome news to the many young couples who want to have more than one child.

　　What is even more meaningful is the statement in the decision that the family planning policy will be gradually adjusted to promote demographic (人口) development on a balanced and long-term basis.

　　Such flexibility is necessary, given the fact that China has the largest population in the world and one of the major engines for the global economy.People are now predicting further loosening as a higher birth rate is needed to offset the too low birth rate of the past and the rapid aging of society, which are putting pressure on economic growth and social progress.

　　Economists see the drop in the working-age population by 3.45 million in 2024 as strong evidence of the need for a much higher birth rate to avoid an economic crisis caused by a lack of labor.Sociologists consider the fertility (繁殖力) rate of 1.18 in 2024 as a sign of society being lacking in energy, and warn that the rapid increase of senior citizens will prevent the dynamics of both economic and social progress.

　　These concerns must have been taken into consideration during the process of making the decision.However, as a country with a population of more than 1.3 billion, China can never set aside concerns about the negative effects a population explosion would have on its economic and social development.

　　What we need now are reasonable expectations for the country’s demographic growth.It was expected that under the previous family planning policies, the country’s population would grow to 1.5 billion and then gradually drop.If this is still the possibility we hope to realize, further study is needed to figure out how we should adjust the policies so that the decline in population will not be so sharp that it deals a heavy blow to the overall development of the country.

　　語篇解讀　本文是一篇資訊報道。為了使人口不會大幅下降，以致影響到國家的整體發(fā)展，中國及時調(diào)整了計劃生育政策，推出了二胎新政策，即一方是獨生子女的夫婦可生育兩個孩子。1．According to the passage, which of the following is NOT the problem with the previous family planning policy?

　　A．A too low birth rate.

　　B．A rapid increase of the aged.

　　C．A big population explosion.

　　D．A sharp decline in working-age population.

　　C　[細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)本文倒數(shù)第二段內(nèi)容可知，中國人口基數(shù)大，如果控制不好生育政策，有可能會造成人口大爆炸，人口大爆炸并不是之前計劃生育政策所帶來的問題，所以C項表述錯誤。故選C。]

　　2．The underlined word “offset” in the third paragraph can best be replaced by ________.

　　A．compensate forB．set out

　　C．call for D．set off

　　A　[詞義猜測題。畫線詞所在的句子是在解釋新政策的原因，由此可推知，目前需要更高的出生率來彌補過去過低的出生率及快速老齡化造成的勞動力減少，compensate for 意為“補償，彌補”，與offset意思相近。故選A。]

　　3．What can be inferred from the passage?

　　A．China’s population won’t stop growing until it reaches 1.5 billion.

　　B．Balanced demographic growth benefits the overall development of China.

　　C．In China, a higher birth rate is needed to meet many young couples’ demands.

　　D．Economic and social progress is nothing more than demographic development.

　　B　[推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“...we should adjust ...development of the country.”可知，我們應調(diào)整政策，為了使人口不會如此大幅下降，以至于影響國家的整體發(fā)展。由此可推知，平衡的人口增長有利于中國的整體發(fā)展。故選B。]

　　4．Where does this passage probably come from?

　　A．A work of science fiction.

　　B．A book review.

　　C．A marriage guide.

　　D．A news report.

　　D　[推理判斷題。本文是關(guān)于我國計劃生育新政策方面的介紹，顯然不屬于科幻小說、書評或者婚姻指南，而是一篇資訊報道。故選D。]

　　Ⅴ.語法填空

　　(2024·沈陽二中上學期期中)My niece was away from home for a student camp in__1__(prepare) for our country’s Republic Day celebration.

　　It was the rainy season，__2__brought a lot of infections(感染) and other health problems.Some children suffered from fever due to the cold at night.Some got throat infections__3__one child even had an eye infection.She was one of the__4__ (roommate) of my niece.All the other children just got into their other friends’ room to protect__5__from an eye infection.There were only two of them, my niece and the roommate with the eye infection,

　　__6__(remain) in the room.

　　__7__camp ended and all returned home.My niece told me the story of her roommate and her sad situation with the eye infection.I asked her, “Weren’t you afraid? And really the eye infection is a __8__(danger) one, isn’t it?

　　She surprised me with her reply, “So what? People with a kind heart won’t__9__(harm) by anything in this world.Moreover, she was a roommate of mine for the past ten days and I didn’t have the heart__10__(leave) her alone just for the infection.”

　　答案

　　1．preparation　2.which　3.and　4.roommates　5.themselves　6.remaining　7.The　8.dangerous　9.be harmed 10.to leave

　　課時作業(yè)(四)

　　(時間：45分鐘　滿分：100分)

　　.單句語法填空

　　1．It’s useless (use) arguing with the foolish person.

　　2．Seeing the frightening (frighten) scene, the boy began to cry.

　　3．The girl is an extremely (extreme) popular student in the class, because she is very kind.

　　4．It rained for two weeks on end, completely ruining (ruin) our holiday.

　　5．The little girl burst out crying (cry) when she fell down.

　　6．On arriving there, we expressed our congratulations (congratulate) to him on his success.

　　7．“I’d like to give my thanks to those who have helped my son survive this terrible disease，”said the woman on TV.

　　8．It is reported that by the end of next week the price will_have_risen (rise) by about 10%.

　　9．The girl was sitting on the bench in the park，burying (bury) her head in the book in her hands.

　　10．Judging (judge) from his happy look on the face, he must have passed the exam this time.

　　Ⅱ.單句改錯

　　1．Some basketball fans burst into crying the instant they heard Tracy McGrady retired from NBA.crying→tears或者into→out

　　2．The rescue team has saved more than ten people trapping under the collapsed buildings since the earthquake occurred in Ludian.

　　trapping→trapped

　　3．I haven’t read all of his books before, but judged from the one I have read, I think he’s a very promising writer.

　　judged→judging

　　4．Don’t handle the vase as if it is made of steel.

　　is→were

　　5．Following the girl, we went into a hall, on which walls hung a few pictures of some famous scientists.which→whose

　　Ⅲ.完形填空

　　Once there was a girl called Arachne who was very proud of her skill at weaving.Many people came to see her __1__ her threads red，blue，green or yellow that made her __2__ pictures glow with life.“The goddess Athene __3__ have given you such a gift，”they said.But Arachne tossed her head.“No，”she replied __4__.“I’ve taught myself everything I know.”__5__ those words，the goddess Athene decided to teach her a lesson.First she __6__ herself as an old woman and __7__ Arachne’s door.When she opened it，the goddess warned her，“You shouldn’t compare yourself with the great Athene.You should be more __8__.”At that Arachne grew very angry.“Let her come here and have a __9__ with me.Then we’ll see who’s better at weaving！”__10__ Athene threw off her disguise and the contest began.

　　All day the two contestants wove bright __11__ into marvellous pictures.Arachne’s was definitely __12__ in skill and design.At that Athene grew __13__ angry that she hit Arachne.At once the girl became smaller and smaller.Her head disappeared and her body became __14__.Her human arms and legs disappeared to be replaced with twice as many thinner insect-like __15__.As Arachne ran to hide，Athene laughed __16__，“You may live，Arachne，but you will do your weaving __17__ from now on.”Hearing those words，Arachne began to __18__ a thread and to weave a pattern in the air.She had become the first __19__.Since then she has continued to recreate her lost __20__ beautiful masterpiece in her webs，and all other spiders have followed her.

　　語篇解讀　本文講述了一個神話故事。在古希臘神話中，有個叫阿拉克尼的人間少女，她很自豪有一手非凡的紡織和刺繡本領(lǐng)。雅典娜決定用實力教訓一下她的狂妄，但阿拉克尼用實力戰(zhàn)勝了雅典娜。最后，惱羞成怒的雅典娜把阿拉克尼變成了蜘蛛。1．A.color　B．do

　　C．print D．describe

　　A　[color意為“染色，上色”；do意為“做，干”；print意為“印刷”；describe意為“描繪”。根據(jù)此空后面的red，blue，green or yellow可推斷出許多人來看她染色(color)，故A項正確。]

　　2．A.taken B．woven

　　C．drawn D．moved

　　B　[根據(jù)文章第一句Once there was a girl called Arachne who was very proud of her skill at weaving.可知，她的畫是編織(woven)而成的，故B項正確。]

　　3．A.should B．could

　　C．must D．might

　　C　[根據(jù)語境可知此處意為“雅典娜女神肯定賦予了你這樣的天賦”，表示人們的一種肯定推測，故用must have done形式，故C項正確。]

　　4．A.proudly B．a(chǎn)ngrily

　　C．kindly D．friendly

　　A　[proudly意為“自豪地”；angrily意為“生氣地”；kindly意為“善良地”；friendly意為“友好的”。從第一段第一句可知阿拉克尼很自豪(proudly)有一手非凡的紡織和刺繡本領(lǐng)，故A項正確。]

　　5．A.Saying B．Finishing

　　C．Hearing D．Listening

　　C　[根據(jù)語境可知此處表示聽到她的話，女神決定教訓一下她，故C項正確。]

　　6．A.disappointed B．disguised

　　C．discouraged D．disaffected

　　B　[disappoint意為“使失望”；disguise意為“掩飾，偽裝”；discourage意為“阻止”；disaffect意為“使疏遠，使不滿意”。根據(jù)此空后的as an old woman可知此處表示女神偽裝成一個老婦人，故B項正確。]

　　7．A.took on B．put on

　　C．turned on D．knocked on

　　D　[take on意為“承擔；呈現(xiàn)”；put on意為“穿上；上演”；turn on意為“打開”；knock on意為“敲擊”。根據(jù)下句的When she opened it可知此處應該是“敲門”，故D項正確。]

　　8．A.careful B．humble

　　C．proud D．honest

　　B　[careful意為“仔細的；小心的”；humble意為“謙虛的”；proud意為“自豪的”；honest意為“誠實的”。根據(jù)此空前的．..the goddess warned her，“You shouldn’t

　　compare yourself with the great Athene...”可知，女神警告阿拉克尼要謙虛，故B項正確。]

　　9．A.conversation B．fight

　　C．competition D．meeting

　　C　[conversation意為“交談，會話”；fight意為“打架；戰(zhàn)斗”；competition意為“競爭，比賽”；meeting意為“會議”。根據(jù)下句的Then we’ll see who’s better at weaving！和．..and the contest began.可推斷，阿拉克尼要與女神比賽，故C項正確。]

　　10．A.Immediately B．Fortunately

　　C．Hopefully D．Generally

　　A　[immediately意為“立刻地”；fortunately意為“幸運地”；hopefully意為“有希望地，有前途地”；generally意為“通常，一般地”。根據(jù)此空后的．..Athene threw off her disguise and the contest began.可推斷，此處表示女神立即扔掉偽裝與她比賽，故A項正確。]

　　11．A.colors B．threads

　　C．wool D．feathers

　　B　[color意為“顏色”；thread意為“線”；wool意為“羊毛”；feather意為“羽毛”。編織當然是用彩線編織成美麗的圖案，故B項正確。]

　　12．A.superior B．inferior

　　C．good D．excellent

　　A　[superior意為“更勝一籌的，出眾的”；inferior意為“差的，下級的”；good意為“好的”；excellent意為“優(yōu)秀的”。根據(jù)下文女神生氣以及最后一句中．..she has continued to recreate her lost ________ beautiful masterpiece...可知，阿拉克尼技高一籌，故A項正確。]

　　13．A.such B．too

　　C．very D．so

　　D　[“so＋adj.＋that...”為固定句式，意為“如此……以至于……”，即D項正確。]

　　14．A.longer B．prettier

　　C．bigger D．rounder

　　D　[longer意為“更長的”；prettier意為“更漂亮的”；bigger意為“更大的”；rounder意為“更圓的”。根據(jù)常識可知人的軀干本來就是圓的，這時更圓了，故D項正確。]

　　15．A.heads B．eyes

　　C．legs D．ears

　　C　[根據(jù)此空前的Her human arms and legs...可知表示長出像昆蟲一樣的腿，故C項正確。]

　　16．A.unhappily B．uncertainly

　　C．untruly D．unkindly

　　D　[unhappily意為“不開心地”；uncertainly意為“不確定地”；untruly意為“不正確地”；unkindly意為“不近人情地，不客氣地”。從上下文可知，女神對于阿拉克尼的這種高傲行為感到很生氣，故此處表示她不客氣地說，故D項正確。]

　　17．A.on the ground B．in the air

　　C．a(chǎn)t home D．on the wall

　　B　[on the ground意為“在地上”；in the air意為“在空中”；at home意為“在家”；on the wall意為“在墻上”。根據(jù)第18空后的to weave a pattern in the air可知B項正確。]

　　18．A.preserve B．press

　　C．prepare D．produce

　　D　[preserve意為“保護；保存”；press意為“壓”；prepare意為“準備”；produce意為“生產(chǎn)”。從語境可知，阿拉克尼此時像蜘蛛一樣在空中抽絲紡線，故D項正確。]

　　19．A.mosquito B．fly

　　C．spider D．insect

　　C　[mosquito意為“蚊子”；fly意為“蒼蠅”；spider意為“蜘蛛”；insect意為“昆蟲”。根據(jù)第20空后的．..and all other spiders have followed her.可知C項正確。]

　　20．A.and B．or

　　C．but D．so

　　C　[根據(jù)此空前的lost和此空后的beautiful可知前后語義相反，所以用but表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。]

　　Ⅳ.閱讀理解

　　(2024·銀川高三一模)The decision of the Third Plenum of the 18th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China to allow a married couple to have two children if one of the couple is an only child is indeed welcome news to the many young couples who want to have more than one child.

　　What is even more meaningful is the statement in the decision that the family planning policy will be gradually adjusted to promote demographic (人口) development on a balanced and long-term basis.

　　Such flexibility is necessary, given the fact that China has the largest population in the world and one of the major engines for the global economy.People are now predicting further loosening as a higher birth rate is needed to offset the too low birth rate of the past and the rapid aging of society, which are putting pressure on economic growth and social progress.

　　Economists see the drop in the working-age population by 3.45 million in 2024 as strong evidence of the need for a much higher birth rate to avoid an economic crisis caused by a lack of labor.Sociologists consider the fertility (繁殖力) rate of 1.18 in 2024 as a sign of society being lacking in energy, and warn that the rapid increase of senior citizens will prevent the dynamics of both economic and social progress.

　　These concerns must have been taken into consideration during the process of making the decision.However, as a country with a population of more than 1.3 billion, China can never set aside concerns about the negative effects a population explosion would have on its economic and social development.

　　What we need now are reasonable expectations for the country’s demographic growth.It was expected that under the previous family planning policies, the country’s population would grow to 1.5 billion and then gradually drop.If this is still the possibility we hope to realize, further study is needed to figure out how we should adjust the policies so that the decline in population will not be so sharp that it deals a heavy blow to the overall development of the country.

　　語篇解讀　本文是一篇資訊報道。為了使人口不會大幅下降，以致影響到國家的整體發(fā)展，中國及時調(diào)整了計劃生育政策，推出了二胎新政策，即一方是獨生子女的夫婦可生育兩個孩子。1．According to the passage, which of the following is NOT the problem with the previous family planning policy?

　　A．A too low birth rate.

　　B．A rapid increase of the aged.

　　C．A big population explosion.

　　D．A sharp decline in working-age population.

　　C　[細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)本文倒數(shù)第二段內(nèi)容可知，中國人口基數(shù)大，如果控制不好生育政策，有可能會造成人口大爆炸，人口大爆炸并不是之前計劃生育政策所帶來的問題，所以C項表述錯誤。故選C。]

　　2．The underlined word “offset” in the third paragraph can best be replaced by ________.

　　A．compensate forB．set out

　　C．call for D．set off

　　A　[詞義猜測題。畫線詞所在的句子是在解釋新政策的原因，由此可推知，目前需要更高的出生率來彌補過去過低的出生率及快速老齡化造成的勞動力減少，compensate for 意為“補償，彌補”，與offset意思相近。故選A。]

　　3．What can be inferred from the passage?

　　A．China’s population won’t stop growing until it reaches 1.5 billion.

　　B．Balanced demographic growth benefits the overall development of China.

　　C．In China, a higher birth rate is needed to meet many young couples’ demands.

　　D．Economic and social progress is nothing more than demographic development.

　　B　[推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“...we should adjust ...development of the country.”可知，我們應調(diào)整政策，為了使人口不會如此大幅下降，以至于影響國家的整體發(fā)展。由此可推知，平衡的人口增長有利于中國的整體發(fā)展。故選B。]

　　4．Where does this passage probably come from?

　　A．A work of science fiction.

　　B．A book review.

　　C．A marriage guide.

　　D．A news report.

　　D　[推理判斷題。本文是關(guān)于我國計劃生育新政策方面的介紹，顯然不屬于科幻小說、書評或者婚姻指南，而是一篇資訊報道。故選D。]

　　Ⅴ.語法填空

　　(2024·沈陽二中上學期期中)My niece was away from home for a student camp in__1__(prepare) for our country’s Republic Day celebration.

　　It was the rainy season，__2__brought a lot of infections(感染) and other health problems.Some children suffered from fever due to the cold at night.Some got throat infections__3__one child even had an eye infection.She was one of the__4__ (roommate) of my niece.All the other children just got into their other friends’ room to protect__5__from an eye infection.There were only two of them, my niece and the roommate with the eye infection,

　　__6__(remain) in the room.

　　__7__camp ended and all returned home.My niece told me the story of her roommate and her sad situation with the eye infection.I asked her, “Weren’t you afraid? And really the eye infection is a __8__(danger) one, isn’t it?

　　She surprised me with her reply, “So what? People with a kind heart won’t__9__(harm) by anything in this world.Moreover, she was a roommate of mine for the past ten days and I didn’t have the heart__10__(leave) her alone just for the infection.”

　　答案

　　1．preparation　2.which　3.and　4.roommates　5.themselves　6.remaining　7.The　8.dangerous　9.be harmed 10.to leave