語法專練九　情態動詞和虛擬語氣

　　一、單句填空

　　1.(2024福建,27)—Sorry,Mum!I failed the job interview again.

　　—Oh,its too bad.You 　have made full preparations.?

　　2.(2024陜西,21)You 　feel all the training a waste of time,but Im a hundred percent sure later you’ll be grateful you did it.?

　　3.(2024四川,2)You 　be careful with the camera.It costs!?

　　4.(2024天津,13)I wish I 　(be)at my sisters wedding last Tuesday,but I was on a business trip in New York then.?

　　5.(2024江蘇,28)It might have saved me some trouble　I known the schedule.?

　　6.(2024重慶,3)Ive ordered some pizza,so we　worry about cooking when we get home tired.?

　　7.(2024大綱全國,30)Although you　find bargains in London,its not generally a cheap place to shop.?

　　8.(2024湖南,25)—Ive prepared all kinds of food for the picnic.

　　—Do you mean we　bring anything with us? ?

　　9.(2024四川,6)I still remember my happy childhood when my mother　(will)take me to Disneyland at weekends.?

　　10.(2024湖南,22)If Mr.Dewey　(be)present,he would have offered any possible assistance to the people there.?

　　11.(2024全國Ⅱ,6)Since nobody gave him any help,he　 have done the research on his own.?

　　12.(2024四川,5)—Why are your eyes so red? You　have slept well last night.?

　　—Yeah,I stayed up late writing a report.

　　13.(2024安徽,28)I　(go)to my cousins birthday party last night,but I was not available.?

　　14.—　you interrupt now? Cant you see I’m on the phone??

　　—Sorry sir,but it’s urgent.

　　15.I 　 thank you too much for all your help to my son while we were away from home.?

　　16.If you 　 go,at least wait until the storm is over.?

　　17.They　have arrived at lunchtime but their flight was delayed.?

　　二、語法填空

　　閱讀下面材料,在空白處填入適當的內容(1個單詞)或括號內單詞的正確形式。

　　Tom:Hi,Mr.Smith.　1　you give me a hand??

　　Mr.Smith:Of course.You　2　hesitate to ask me for help.Whats the matter with you??

　　Tom:My mum is always complaining about my going back home late after school.

　　Mr.Smith:What do you usually do after school?

　　Tom:I usually go to the playground to play basketball.But I know that I　3　go home first.?

　　Mr.Smith:Why dont you go home directly?

　　Tom:My mother usually says,“Every student　4　do their homework first after school,and that is a rule for all of you students.”You see,if I　5　(do)my homework first now,I couldnt have a rest and relax.I am so tired.?

　　Mr.Smith:Both you and your mum are reasonable.As a mother,she believes that you　6　never work too hard,while you think you need some time to have a rest.Does your mother know what you think??

　　Tom:No.Even if I　7　(tell)her before,she wouldn’t have understood it.?

　　Mr.Smith:I don’t think you are right.I think you should tell your mother what you think and she would understand you.Besides,you had better not hide your feelings from your mother and you　8　as well learn to communicate with her.?

　　Tom:Thank you for your advice.It is high time I　9　(talk)with her.?

　　Mr.Smith:I　10　agree more.?

　　1.2.3.4.5.　?

　　6.7.8.9.10.　?

　　三、短文改錯

　　假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文,請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤,每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。

　　增加:在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(∧),并在其下面寫出該加的詞。

　　刪除:把多余的詞用斜線(劃掉。

　　修改:在錯的詞下畫一橫線,并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。

　　注意:1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞;

　　2.只允許修改10處,多者(從第11處起)不計分。

　　Tom and Peter are twins.They look as if they are the same person.Both the two boys are smart,but Tom is hard-working while Peter is lazy.Tom always wins first place in the exams while Peter doesn’t.However,people believe if Peter works as hard as Tom,he would do as well as his brother in his study.

　　At home,their parents suggest that they must finish their homework before playing computer games.But Peter insists that it were OK to play games first as long as he can hand in his homework in time.Their mother gives in in the end.

　　One day,when doing his homework,Tom found he made a serious mistake.So he put his exercise book aside and used another one.When Peter found the previous exercise book,he struck out Tom?s name and signed his name on its cover happy,and handed it in as his own homework the next day.

　　When the teacher told the truth to the twins? mother,she was very angry and shouted at Peter,“How I wish you are as diligent as your brother!Now it?s time that I give you a good lesson.And you mustn?t play any computer games for a month!”

　　“Oh,no!Mom.Without a computer for such a long time,I will die.I would rather you ask me to do the dishes for a month alone,”Peter was upset.

　　“If you finished your homework on time yesterday,you wouldn’t be punished now,”said the mother.

　　答案全解全析

　　一、單句填空

　　1.should　句意:——對不起,媽媽!這次工作面試我又失敗了。 ——噢,太糟了。你本應該做好充分準備的。should have done sth 表示:應該做某事但事實上沒有做。

　　2.may/might　句意:你可能覺得所有的訓練都是浪費時間,但是我百分之百地確定你以后會慶幸你這么做了。根據題干中的but Im a hundred percent sure later可知設空處表示“不確定,沒把握”,故用may/might。

　　3.must　句意:你必須小心使用這個相機,它很貴的!根據對話內容可知空格處表示“必要性”,意為:必須,故用must。

　　4.had been　句意:要是上周二我參加了我姐姐的婚禮就好了,可是那時我正在紐約出差。wish后的賓語從句用過去完成時表示對過去情況的虛擬。

　　5.had　句意:要是我知道安排的話,我可能會省一些事兒。此處為省略if的虛擬條件句had I known the schedule=if I had known the schedule。

　　6.neednt　句意:我已經預訂了一些比薩餅,所以當我們到家感到累的時候就不必擔心做飯的事了。本題考查情態動詞。根據句意可知答案為neednt。

　　7.can　句意:雖然你在倫敦可能會買到減價品,但通常那兒不是一個能買到便宜貨的地方。考查情態動詞。can在此處表示“可能性”。

　　8.neednt　句意:——我已經為野餐準備好了各種食物。——你的意思是說我們不必再帶任何東西了嗎?本題考查情態動詞。根據上下文可知設空處表示“不必”。

　　9.would　句意:我仍然記得我快樂的童年,那時候我媽媽常常在周末帶我去迪斯尼樂園。本題考查情態動詞。would 過去常常。

　　10.had been　句意:如果Dewey先生當時在場的話,他會為那里的人們提供任何可能的幫助。本題考查虛擬語氣。根據題干中的would have offered及上下文邏輯可知設空處與過去事實相反,故答案為had been。在虛擬語氣中,如果條件從句和主句均與過去事實相反,條件從句謂語動詞為:had+過去分詞,主句謂語動詞為:would/should/could/might+have+過去分詞。

　　11.must　句意:既然沒有人幫助他,他一定是獨自完成了這項研究。根據題干中“Since nobody gave him any help”可判斷設空處表示肯定的推測。

　　12.cant/couldn’t　句意:——你的眼睛為什么那么紅?昨晚你肯定沒睡好。——是的,我熬夜寫報告了。“cant/couldn’t have+過去分詞”表示過去不可能做了某事。

　　13.would/should have gone　句意:我昨天晚上本來想要/本應該去我表兄的生日聚會,但是沒有空。句中的時間狀語last night明確表示應該是對過去事實的虛擬,故答案是would/should have gone。

　　14.Must　句意:——你非要現在插嘴嗎?難道你沒看見我在打電話嗎?——很抱歉,先生,但是這個事情太緊急了。must表示“非要,偏偏”,多指令人不快的事。

　　15.cant　句意:我再怎么感謝你都不為過,因為我們不在家的時候你幫助了我的兒子。cant...too much表示“再……也不為過”。

　　16.must　句意:如果你偏要走,至少要等到暴風雨停了。must表示“非要,偏偏”,多指令人不快的事。

　　17.should　句意:他們本應該在午餐時間到達,可是他們的飛機誤點了。should have done表示“過去本應該做某事而未做”。

　　二、語法填空

　　[語篇解讀]　本文為湯姆和史密斯老師就湯姆的媽媽抱怨他放學后不按時回家而進行的對話。

　　1.Can　can在這里表示請求幫助,意為“能”。

　　2.neednt　句意:你向我求助時不必猶豫。neednt不必。

　　3.should　句意:但是我知道我應該先回家。should應該。

　　4.shall　shall與第二、三人稱連用,用于陳述句中時,可用來介紹法規、規定的內容。

　　5.did　根據上下文邏輯及后面的couldnt have a rest,可知設空處為與現在事實相反的虛擬語氣,故答案為did。

　　6.can　“cannot(can never)...too+形容詞或副詞”表示“再……也不為過”。

　　7.had told　根據上下文邏輯及句子后面的“wouldnt have understood”,可知設空處為與過去事實相反的假設,故答案為had told。

　　8.might　might as well do sth.意為:還是做……為好。

　　9.talked　由It is high time sb.did sth.可知填talked。

　　10.cant　I cant agree more.我完全同意。

　　三、短文改錯

　　1.第一段第二句:are→were 　根據語境可知此處表達的與客觀事實相反,故as if引導的從句中謂語動詞要用虛擬形式。

　　2.第一段第五句:works→worked　根據語境可知此處if引導的從句表達與現在事實相反的假設,謂語動詞要用虛擬形式。

　　3.第二段第一句:去掉must或must→should　suggest作“建議”講,后面賓語從句的謂語動詞需用should+動詞原形,其中should可以省略。

　　4.第二段第二句:were→is　insist在此處意為“堅持認為/說”,that從句謂語動詞不用虛擬形式。當insist意為“堅決要求”時,其后面賓語從句的謂語動詞才用虛擬形式,即(should)+動詞原形。

　　5.第三段第三句:happy→happily　用副詞修飾動詞。

　　6.第四段:are→were　wish后面的賓語從句是與現在事實相反的虛擬語氣,謂語動詞要用were。

　　7.第四段:give→gave或在give前加should　“Its time+that從句”,that從句的謂語動詞用一般過去時或should+動詞原形。

　　8.第五段:will→would　根據語境可知此處表達與現在情況相反的虛擬語氣,故will要改為would。

　　9.第五段:ask→asked　此處表達“寧愿別人做某事”,要用would rather sb.did sth.結構。

　　10.最后一段:finished前加had　本句的if從句表達與過去情況相反的虛擬語氣,從句謂語動詞要用過去完成時。

　　語法專練九　情態動詞和虛擬語氣

　　一、單句填空

　　1.(2024福建,27)—Sorry,Mum!I failed the job interview again.

　　—Oh,its too bad.You 　have made full preparations.?

　　2.(2024陜西,21)You 　feel all the training a waste of time,but Im a hundred percent sure later you’ll be grateful you did it.?

　　3.(2024四川,2)You 　be careful with the camera.It costs!?

　　4.(2024天津,13)I wish I 　(be)at my sisters wedding last Tuesday,but I was on a business trip in New York then.?

　　5.(2024江蘇,28)It might have saved me some trouble　I known the schedule.?

　　6.(2024重慶,3)Ive ordered some pizza,so we　worry about cooking when we get home tired.?

　　7.(2024大綱全國,30)Although you　find bargains in London,its not generally a cheap place to shop.?

　　8.(2024湖南,25)—Ive prepared all kinds of food for the picnic.

　　—Do you mean we　bring anything with us? ?

　　9.(2024四川,6)I still remember my happy childhood when my mother　(will)take me to Disneyland at weekends.?

　　10.(2024湖南,22)If Mr.Dewey　(be)present,he would have offered any possible assistance to the people there.?

　　11.(2024全國Ⅱ,6)Since nobody gave him any help,he　 have done the research on his own.?

　　12.(2024四川,5)—Why are your eyes so red? You　have slept well last night.?

　　—Yeah,I stayed up late writing a report.

　　13.(2024安徽,28)I　(go)to my cousins birthday party last night,but I was not available.?

　　14.—　you interrupt now? Cant you see I’m on the phone??

　　—Sorry sir,but it’s urgent.

　　15.I 　 thank you too much for all your help to my son while we were away from home.?

　　16.If you 　 go,at least wait until the storm is over.?

　　17.They　have arrived at lunchtime but their flight was delayed.?

　　二、語法填空

　　閱讀下面材料,在空白處填入適當的內容(1個單詞)或括號內單詞的正確形式。

　　Tom:Hi,Mr.Smith.　1　you give me a hand??

　　Mr.Smith:Of course.You　2　hesitate to ask me for help.Whats the matter with you??

　　Tom:My mum is always complaining about my going back home late after school.

　　Mr.Smith:What do you usually do after school?

　　Tom:I usually go to the playground to play basketball.But I know that I　3　go home first.?

　　Mr.Smith:Why dont you go home directly?

　　Tom:My mother usually says,“Every student　4　do their homework first after school,and that is a rule for all of you students.”You see,if I　5　(do)my homework first now,I couldnt have a rest and relax.I am so tired.?

　　Mr.Smith:Both you and your mum are reasonable.As a mother,she believes that you　6　never work too hard,while you think you need some time to have a rest.Does your mother know what you think??

　　Tom:No.Even if I　7　(tell)her before,she wouldn’t have understood it.?

　　Mr.Smith:I don’t think you are right.I think you should tell your mother what you think and she would understand you.Besides,you had better not hide your feelings from your mother and you　8　as well learn to communicate with her.?

　　Tom:Thank you for your advice.It is high time I　9　(talk)with her.?

　　Mr.Smith:I　10　agree more.?

　　1.2.3.4.5.　?

　　6.7.8.9.10.　?

　　三、短文改錯

　　假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文,請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤,每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。

　　增加:在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(∧),并在其下面寫出該加的詞。

　　刪除:把多余的詞用斜線(劃掉。

　　修改:在錯的詞下畫一橫線,并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。

　　注意:1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞;

　　2.只允許修改10處,多者(從第11處起)不計分。

　　Tom and Peter are twins.They look as if they are the same person.Both the two boys are smart,but Tom is hard-working while Peter is lazy.Tom always wins first place in the exams while Peter doesn’t.However,people believe if Peter works as hard as Tom,he would do as well as his brother in his study.

　　At home,their parents suggest that they must finish their homework before playing computer games.But Peter insists that it were OK to play games first as long as he can hand in his homework in time.Their mother gives in in the end.

　　One day,when doing his homework,Tom found he made a serious mistake.So he put his exercise book aside and used another one.When Peter found the previous exercise book,he struck out Tom?s name and signed his name on its cover happy,and handed it in as his own homework the next day.

　　When the teacher told the truth to the twins? mother,she was very angry and shouted at Peter,“How I wish you are as diligent as your brother!Now it?s time that I give you a good lesson.And you mustn?t play any computer games for a month!”

　　“Oh,no!Mom.Without a computer for such a long time,I will die.I would rather you ask me to do the dishes for a month alone,”Peter was upset.

　　“If you finished your homework on time yesterday,you wouldn’t be punished now,”said the mother.

　　答案全解全析

　　一、單句填空

　　1.should　句意:——對不起,媽媽!這次工作面試我又失敗了。 ——噢,太糟了。你本應該做好充分準備的。should have done sth 表示:應該做某事但事實上沒有做。

　　2.may/might　句意:你可能覺得所有的訓練都是浪費時間,但是我百分之百地確定你以后會慶幸你這么做了。根據題干中的but Im a hundred percent sure later可知設空處表示“不確定,沒把握”,故用may/might。

　　3.must　句意:你必須小心使用這個相機,它很貴的!根據對話內容可知空格處表示“必要性”,意為:必須,故用must。

　　4.had been　句意:要是上周二我參加了我姐姐的婚禮就好了,可是那時我正在紐約出差。wish后的賓語從句用過去完成時表示對過去情況的虛擬。

　　5.had　句意:要是我知道安排的話,我可能會省一些事兒。此處為省略if的虛擬條件句had I known the schedule=if I had known the schedule。

　　6.neednt　句意:我已經預訂了一些比薩餅,所以當我們到家感到累的時候就不必擔心做飯的事了。本題考查情態動詞。根據句意可知答案為neednt。

　　7.can　句意:雖然你在倫敦可能會買到減價品,但通常那兒不是一個能買到便宜貨的地方。考查情態動詞。can在此處表示“可能性”。

　　8.neednt　句意:——我已經為野餐準備好了各種食物。——你的意思是說我們不必再帶任何東西了嗎?本題考查情態動詞。根據上下文可知設空處表示“不必”。

　　9.would　句意:我仍然記得我快樂的童年,那時候我媽媽常常在周末帶我去迪斯尼樂園。本題考查情態動詞。would 過去常常。

　　10.had been　句意:如果Dewey先生當時在場的話,他會為那里的人們提供任何可能的幫助。本題考查虛擬語氣。根據題干中的would have offered及上下文邏輯可知設空處與過去事實相反,故答案為had been。在虛擬語氣中,如果條件從句和主句均與過去事實相反,條件從句謂語動詞為:had+過去分詞,主句謂語動詞為:would/should/could/might+have+過去分詞。

　　11.must　句意:既然沒有人幫助他,他一定是獨自完成了這項研究。根據題干中“Since nobody gave him any help”可判斷設空處表示肯定的推測。

　　12.cant/couldn’t　句意:——你的眼睛為什么那么紅?昨晚你肯定沒睡好。——是的,我熬夜寫報告了。“cant/couldn’t have+過去分詞”表示過去不可能做了某事。

　　13.would/should have gone　句意:我昨天晚上本來想要/本應該去我表兄的生日聚會,但是沒有空。句中的時間狀語last night明確表示應該是對過去事實的虛擬,故答案是would/should have gone。

　　14.Must　句意:——你非要現在插嘴嗎?難道你沒看見我在打電話嗎?——很抱歉,先生,但是這個事情太緊急了。must表示“非要,偏偏”,多指令人不快的事。

　　15.cant　句意:我再怎么感謝你都不為過,因為我們不在家的時候你幫助了我的兒子。cant...too much表示“再……也不為過”。

　　16.must　句意:如果你偏要走,至少要等到暴風雨停了。must表示“非要,偏偏”,多指令人不快的事。

　　17.should　句意:他們本應該在午餐時間到達,可是他們的飛機誤點了。should have done表示“過去本應該做某事而未做”。

　　二、語法填空

　　[語篇解讀]　本文為湯姆和史密斯老師就湯姆的媽媽抱怨他放學后不按時回家而進行的對話。

　　1.Can　can在這里表示請求幫助,意為“能”。

　　2.neednt　句意:你向我求助時不必猶豫。neednt不必。

　　3.should　句意:但是我知道我應該先回家。should應該。

　　4.shall　shall與第二、三人稱連用,用于陳述句中時,可用來介紹法規、規定的內容。

　　5.did　根據上下文邏輯及后面的couldnt have a rest,可知設空處為與現在事實相反的虛擬語氣,故答案為did。

　　6.can　“cannot(can never)...too+形容詞或副詞”表示“再……也不為過”。

　　7.had told　根據上下文邏輯及句子后面的“wouldnt have understood”,可知設空處為與過去事實相反的假設,故答案為had told。

　　8.might　might as well do sth.意為:還是做……為好。

　　9.talked　由It is high time sb.did sth.可知填talked。

　　10.cant　I cant agree more.我完全同意。

　　三、短文改錯

　　1.第一段第二句:are→were 　根據語境可知此處表達的與客觀事實相反,故as if引導的從句中謂語動詞要用虛擬形式。

　　2.第一段第五句:works→worked　根據語境可知此處if引導的從句表達與現在事實相反的假設,謂語動詞要用虛擬形式。

　　3.第二段第一句:去掉must或must→should　suggest作“建議”講,后面賓語從句的謂語動詞需用should+動詞原形,其中should可以省略。

　　4.第二段第二句:were→is　insist在此處意為“堅持認為/說”,that從句謂語動詞不用虛擬形式。當insist意為“堅決要求”時,其后面賓語從句的謂語動詞才用虛擬形式,即(should)+動詞原形。

　　5.第三段第三句:happy→happily　用副詞修飾動詞。

　　6.第四段:are→were　wish后面的賓語從句是與現在事實相反的虛擬語氣,謂語動詞要用were。

　　7.第四段:give→gave或在give前加should　“Its time+that從句”,that從句的謂語動詞用一般過去時或should+動詞原形。

　　8.第五段:will→would　根據語境可知此處表達與現在情況相反的虛擬語氣,故will要改為would。

　　9.第五段:ask→asked　此處表達“寧愿別人做某事”,要用would rather sb.did sth.結構。

　　10.最后一段:finished前加had　本句的if從句表達與過去情況相反的虛擬語氣,從句謂語動詞要用過去完成時。