2024屆新課標(biāo)高考一輪復(fù)習(xí)英語(yǔ)人教版 浙江專(zhuān)版課件:part1 必修4 unit4
the
first
person
to
arrive 中 是動(dòng)詞不定式to
arrive 作定語(yǔ),修飾先行詞the first person。動(dòng)詞不 定式作定語(yǔ),我們應(yīng)該注意以下問(wèn)題:
(1) 注 意非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作所發(fā)生的時(shí)間都是在 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之后。與先行詞是主動(dòng)關(guān)系,就用to do;
形成被動(dòng)關(guān)系,就用to be done。
Everyone to visit the Great Wall sign here, please.
凡去參觀長(zhǎng)城的人請(qǐng)?jiān)谶@兒報(bào)名。
(2) 由only, last, next, 序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級(jí)修 飾的名詞常用不定式作定語(yǔ)。動(dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ)要 放在所修飾的名詞或代詞之后。
She was the only one to get a scholarship.
她是唯一得到獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金的人。
(3) 當(dāng)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是have 或get作“有”講時(shí),動(dòng) 詞不定式的主動(dòng)與被動(dòng)取決于句中有沒(méi)有其邏輯主 語(yǔ)參與動(dòng)詞不定式這一活動(dòng),有,就用主動(dòng)式;沒(méi) 有,就用其被動(dòng)式。
I'll go to the post office because I have something
to post. Do you have something to be posted?
(4) 作定語(yǔ)的不定式如果是不及物動(dòng)詞,或者 不定式所修飾的名詞或代詞是不定式動(dòng)作的地點(diǎn)、 工具,不定式后面須加相應(yīng)的介詞。
She is looking for a room to live in.
她在尋找一間房子住。
① represent vt.
代表,象征;體現(xiàn),表達(dá);描繪,聲稱(chēng) 根據(jù)語(yǔ)境感悟其用法
These exhibitions have been selected because they represent Chinese traditional culture best.
這些展品最能代表中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化,所以入選。 鏈接 representation n.
代表,代理;表現(xiàn),體現(xiàn) representative
n. 代表人,代理人
adj. 典型的,有代表性的 ① represent vt.
代表,象征;體現(xiàn),表達(dá);描繪,聲稱(chēng) 短語(yǔ) represent sb. / sth. as sb. / sth.
把……描繪成…… represent sb. / sth.…to be
聲稱(chēng)某人/物為…… represent sth.
代表/象征…… represent sth. to sb.
向某人說(shuō)明/傳達(dá)某事 ① represent vt.
代表,象征;體現(xiàn),表達(dá);描繪,聲稱(chēng) 活用
根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思,完成英文句子 (1)玫瑰花是英格蘭的象征。 The rose __________ England. (2)他們僅表達(dá)了一小部分民意。 They __________ only a small section of public opinion. (3)這是一幅行獵圖。 The picture __________ a hunting scene. represents represented represents ②curious adj. 根據(jù)語(yǔ)境猜詞義 (1) The foreign tourists were surrounded by the curious children.
(2) Poetry also calls up the colors, feeling, experiences and curious images of a dream world.
(3) He is suffering from a curious disease.
根據(jù)語(yǔ)義找匹配 A. 奇妙的
B. 好奇的
C. 奇怪的
B A C 鏈接 curiosity n.
好奇心、求知欲 curiously adv.
好奇地 短語(yǔ) be curious about
對(duì)……感到好奇 be curious to do
急于做/極想做 out of curiosity
出于好奇 ②curious adj. 活用
單項(xiàng)填空 (1)I was ______ to find out what he said.
A. strange
B. amusing
C. curious
D. conscious
解析 考查形容詞詞義辨析。be curious to do 急于做/極想做。strange 奇怪的; amusing 令人快樂(lè)的;conscious 有意識(shí)的。 ②curious adj. C (2) People have always been______ about exactly how life on earth began.
A. curious
B. excited
C. anxious
D. careful 解析 考查形容詞的意義和用法。句意:人們一直對(duì)于地球生命的起源感到好奇。根據(jù)介詞about后面賓語(yǔ)從句的意義,可以確定前面表示的是好奇,be curious about 是“對(duì)……感到好奇”的意思。 ②curious adj. 活用
單項(xiàng)填空 A 根據(jù)語(yǔ)境猜詞義 (1) Spring is approaching. Everything is awaking.
(2) As we approached the woods, fresh air is coming towards us.
③approach
n. & v. 根據(jù)語(yǔ)義找匹配 A. (時(shí)間上)臨近,接近 B. (空間上)走近,靠近 A B 溫馨提示
approach, way, method和means都可指“方法”。注意它們的用法: (1) 句型搭配 the way of + n. / doing sth. the way to do sth. the method of + n. the approach to + n. / doing sth. ③approach
n. & v. (2) “用這種方法”表達(dá)方法 in this way
by this means
with this method ③approach
n. & v. 溫馨提示
approach, way, method和means都可指“方法”。注意它們的用法: 活用
單項(xiàng)填空
There is no easy ______ to the mathematics problem.
A. way
B. means
C. method
D. approach 解析
考查名詞與介詞的搭配辨析。approach方法,與to連用,表示“……的方法”,而means翻譯為“方式”,不可與to連用。method與with 搭配。way則與of連用,和to連用時(shí),to為不定式。 ③approach
n. & v. D ④ major n.,v. & adj. 根據(jù)語(yǔ)境猜詞義 (1) Chinese, maths and English are three major subjects.
(2) He is majoring in English.
(3) He is a history major.
根據(jù)語(yǔ)義找匹配 A. 主修 B. ……專(zhuān)業(yè)的學(xué)生 C. 主要的(主要做定語(yǔ),無(wú)比較級(jí))
C A B 鏈接 the majority of
大多數(shù) majority n.
大多數(shù),大部分 反義詞: minority
少數(shù) ④ major n.,v. & adj. 辨析 major/main/chief major adj. 較大的, 主要的
main adj. 最重要的,主要的 chief
adj.主要的,最重要的;職位/ 職稱(chēng)最高級(jí)別的;n. 部落首領(lǐng);領(lǐng)袖,總裁 ④ major n.,v. & adj. ⑤ defend v. 根據(jù)語(yǔ)境猜詞義 (1) We shall defend our country, whatever the cost may be.
(2) Politicians (政客) are skilled at defending themselves. 根據(jù)語(yǔ)義找匹配 A. 捍衛(wèi);保衛(wèi) B. 辯護(hù) A B 短語(yǔ) in defence of
保衛(wèi),為……辯護(hù) defend…of
(后接被保護(hù)者) defend…from/ against
(后接入侵者或造成危害者) ⑤ defend v. 鏈接 defense n.
保衛(wèi),辯護(hù) 活用
單項(xiàng)填空 We should defend ourselves ______ the traffic accident while walking home from school.
A. against
B. with
C. in
D. of
解析 考查固定短語(yǔ)。defend…against 后接造成危害的東西;defend…of后接被保護(hù)者。所以答案是A。 ⑤ defend v. A ⑥ general
adj. 一般的,大體的
n. 將軍 根據(jù)語(yǔ)境感悟其用法 He has been promoted to general manager.
他已被提升為總經(jīng)理。 鏈接 generally 普遍地;廣泛地;一般地 短語(yǔ) in general 總的,總而言之 generally speaking
通常來(lái)講 ⑥ general
adj. 一般的,大體的
n. 將軍 活用
根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思,完成英文句子 (1)我們泛泛地談了書(shū)籍。 We had _____________ about books. (2)將軍命令士兵前進(jìn)。 ___________ ordered the soldiers to march on. (3)深圳的氣候總體來(lái)說(shuō)是溫暖和潮濕的。 The
climate
in
Shenzhen
is
warm
and
humid __________. a general talk The general in general ⑦ avoid vt.
避免,消除;(故意)回避;逃避 根據(jù)語(yǔ)境感悟其用法 He studies so hard to avoid finishing at the bottom of the class.
為了不讓自己在全班墊底,他刻苦學(xué)習(xí)。 短語(yǔ) avoid sth. 避免某事 avoid doing sth.
避免做某事 ⑦ avoid vt.
避免,消除;(故意)回避;逃避 活用
用所給詞的正確形式填空 (1)其實(shí)這一事故可以避免。 Actually, the accident could _________ (avoid). (2)他避而不答我的問(wèn)題。 He avoided __________ (answer) my questions. be avoided answering ① be likely to do She is likely to lose the election.
根據(jù)語(yǔ)境be likely to do意為:_______。 有可能 辨析 likely/possible/probable
likely 是常用詞,指從表面上看很有可能。主語(yǔ)既可以是人也可以是物。可以說(shuō)sb./sth. be likely to do或it‘s likely that…, 但是不可以說(shuō) It is likely for sb. to do。
辨析 likely/possible/probable
possible強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀上有可能,但含有實(shí)際上可能性 很小的意思。主語(yǔ)不可以是人,只能是用it作形式主語(yǔ)。 構(gòu)成It is possible for sb. to do sth.或It is possible that…
probable 語(yǔ)氣比possible強(qiáng),主要強(qiáng)調(diào)有根有據(jù)、 合情合理的推測(cè),含有“很有可能,十有八九”的意 思。構(gòu)成It is probable for sb. to do sth. 。作表語(yǔ)時(shí),主 語(yǔ)不能是人或動(dòng)詞不定式。 ① be likely to do 活用
單項(xiàng)填空 (1) It's nearly eleven o'clock and mother _____ walk in at any moment.
A. is possible to
B. is probable to
C. is likely to
D. is able to 解析 考查likely/ possible/probable的辨析。當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是人時(shí),只能用sb. be likely to do sth.句式,所以答案是C。 ① be likely to do C (2) I think the team of your class will be _____ to win, but you have to work harder.
A. possible
B. likely
C. probable
D. certain 解析 possible和 probable只能構(gòu)成It's + adj.+to do sth.句式;certain是“一定、理所當(dāng)然”,根據(jù)but you have to work harder判斷,沒(méi)有十足的把握,所以答案是B。 ① be likely to do 活用
單項(xiàng)填空 C ②at ease
舒適;自由自在;安逸 I was at ease after I completed my stressful project.
把這個(gè)壓力很大的項(xiàng)目完成后,我感到很放松。 短語(yǔ) put sb. at ease
使舒適,使自在 ease one's mind
使放心;使放松 ease into sth.
了解或熟悉某事 take it easy
沉住氣,不緊張,慢慢來(lái) ②at ease
舒適;自由自在;安逸 活用
根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思,完成英文句子 (1)知道他在那座城市定居下來(lái),過(guò)著舒適的生活,我放心多了。 It would ____________ to know that he settled down in the city and was living a comfortable life. (2)我和朋友在一起感到自在。 I __________ with my friends. ease my mind feel at ease ②at ease
舒適;自由自在;安逸 活用
根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思,完成英文句子 (3)熟悉新的工作并不是一件易事,你一定要謙虛、勤奮。 It is no easy job for you ____________ your new work, so you must be modest and hard-working. to ease into
The first person to arrive was Tony Garcia from
Colombia, closely followed by Julia Smith from
Britain.(P26)
第一個(gè)到達(dá)的是從哥倫比亞來(lái)的托尼·加西亞, 隨后緊跟著的是英國(guó)的朱莉婭·史密斯。
the
first
person
to
arrive 中 是動(dòng)詞不定式to
arrive 作定語(yǔ),修飾先行詞the first person。動(dòng)詞不 定式作定語(yǔ),我們應(yīng)該注意以下問(wèn)題:
(1) 注 意非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作所發(fā)生的時(shí)間都是在 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之后。與先行詞是主動(dòng)關(guān)系,就用to do;
形成被動(dòng)關(guān)系,就用to be done。
Everyone to visit the Great Wall sign here, please.
凡去參觀長(zhǎng)城的人請(qǐng)?jiān)谶@兒報(bào)名。
(2) 由only, last, next, 序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級(jí)修 飾的名詞常用不定式作定語(yǔ)。動(dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ)要 放在所修飾的名詞或代詞之后。
She was the only one to get a scholarship.
她是唯一得到獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金的人。
(3) 當(dāng)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是have 或get作“有”講時(shí),動(dòng) 詞不定式的主動(dòng)與被動(dòng)取決于句中有沒(méi)有其邏輯主 語(yǔ)參與動(dòng)詞不定式這一活動(dòng),有,就用主動(dòng)式;沒(méi) 有,就用其被動(dòng)式。
I'll go to the post office because I have something
to post. Do you have something to be posted?
(4) 作定語(yǔ)的不定式如果是不及物動(dòng)詞,或者 不定式所修飾的名詞或代詞是不定式動(dòng)作的地點(diǎn)、 工具,不定式后面須加相應(yīng)的介詞。
She is looking for a room to live in.
她在尋找一間房子住。
① represent vt.
代表,象征;體現(xiàn),表達(dá);描繪,聲稱(chēng) 根據(jù)語(yǔ)境感悟其用法
These exhibitions have been selected because they represent Chinese traditional culture best.
這些展品最能代表中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化,所以入選。 鏈接 representation n.
代表,代理;表現(xiàn),體現(xiàn) representative
n. 代表人,代理人
adj. 典型的,有代表性的 ① represent vt.
代表,象征;體現(xiàn),表達(dá);描繪,聲稱(chēng) 短語(yǔ) represent sb. / sth. as sb. / sth.
把……描繪成…… represent sb. / sth.…to be
聲稱(chēng)某人/物為…… represent sth.
代表/象征…… represent sth. to sb.
向某人說(shuō)明/傳達(dá)某事 ① represent vt.
代表,象征;體現(xiàn),表達(dá);描繪,聲稱(chēng) 活用
根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思,完成英文句子 (1)玫瑰花是英格蘭的象征。 The rose __________ England. (2)他們僅表達(dá)了一小部分民意。 They __________ only a small section of public opinion. (3)這是一幅行獵圖。 The picture __________ a hunting scene. represents represented represents ②curious adj. 根據(jù)語(yǔ)境猜詞義 (1) The foreign tourists were surrounded by the curious children.
(2) Poetry also calls up the colors, feeling, experiences and curious images of a dream world.
(3) He is suffering from a curious disease.
根據(jù)語(yǔ)義找匹配 A. 奇妙的
B. 好奇的
C. 奇怪的
B A C 鏈接 curiosity n.
好奇心、求知欲 curiously adv.
好奇地 短語(yǔ) be curious about
對(duì)……感到好奇 be curious to do
急于做/極想做 out of curiosity
出于好奇 ②curious adj. 活用
單項(xiàng)填空 (1)I was ______ to find out what he said.
A. strange
B. amusing
C. curious
D. conscious
解析 考查形容詞詞義辨析。be curious to do 急于做/極想做。strange 奇怪的; amusing 令人快樂(lè)的;conscious 有意識(shí)的。 ②curious adj. C (2) People have always been______ about exactly how life on earth began.
A. curious
B. excited
C. anxious
D. careful 解析 考查形容詞的意義和用法。句意:人們一直對(duì)于地球生命的起源感到好奇。根據(jù)介詞about后面賓語(yǔ)從句的意義,可以確定前面表示的是好奇,be curious about 是“對(duì)……感到好奇”的意思。 ②curious adj. 活用
單項(xiàng)填空 A 根據(jù)語(yǔ)境猜詞義 (1) Spring is approaching. Everything is awaking.
(2) As we approached the woods, fresh air is coming towards us.
③approach
n. & v. 根據(jù)語(yǔ)義找匹配 A. (時(shí)間上)臨近,接近 B. (空間上)走近,靠近 A B 溫馨提示
approach, way, method和means都可指“方法”。注意它們的用法: (1) 句型搭配 the way of + n. / doing sth. the way to do sth. the method of + n. the approach to + n. / doing sth. ③approach
n. & v. (2) “用這種方法”表達(dá)方法 in this way
by this means
with this method ③approach
n. & v. 溫馨提示
approach, way, method和means都可指“方法”。注意它們的用法: 活用
單項(xiàng)填空
There is no easy ______ to the mathematics problem.
A. way
B. means
C. method
D. approach 解析
考查名詞與介詞的搭配辨析。approach方法,與to連用,表示“……的方法”,而means翻譯為“方式”,不可與to連用。method與with 搭配。way則與of連用,和to連用時(shí),to為不定式。 ③approach
n. & v. D ④ major n.,v. & adj. 根據(jù)語(yǔ)境猜詞義 (1) Chinese, maths and English are three major subjects.
(2) He is majoring in English.
(3) He is a history major.
根據(jù)語(yǔ)義找匹配 A. 主修 B. ……專(zhuān)業(yè)的學(xué)生 C. 主要的(主要做定語(yǔ),無(wú)比較級(jí))
C A B 鏈接 the majority of
大多數(shù) majority n.
大多數(shù),大部分 反義詞: minority
少數(shù) ④ major n.,v. & adj. 辨析 major/main/chief major adj. 較大的, 主要的
main adj. 最重要的,主要的 chief
adj.主要的,最重要的;職位/ 職稱(chēng)最高級(jí)別的;n. 部落首領(lǐng);領(lǐng)袖,總裁 ④ major n.,v. & adj. ⑤ defend v. 根據(jù)語(yǔ)境猜詞義 (1) We shall defend our country, whatever the cost may be.
(2) Politicians (政客) are skilled at defending themselves. 根據(jù)語(yǔ)義找匹配 A. 捍衛(wèi);保衛(wèi) B. 辯護(hù) A B 短語(yǔ) in defence of
保衛(wèi),為……辯護(hù) defend…of
(后接被保護(hù)者) defend…from/ against
(后接入侵者或造成危害者) ⑤ defend v. 鏈接 defense n.
保衛(wèi),辯護(hù) 活用
單項(xiàng)填空 We should defend ourselves ______ the traffic accident while walking home from school.
A. against
B. with
C. in
D. of
解析 考查固定短語(yǔ)。defend…against 后接造成危害的東西;defend…of后接被保護(hù)者。所以答案是A。 ⑤ defend v. A ⑥ general
adj. 一般的,大體的
n. 將軍 根據(jù)語(yǔ)境感悟其用法 He has been promoted to general manager.
他已被提升為總經(jīng)理。 鏈接 generally 普遍地;廣泛地;一般地 短語(yǔ) in general 總的,總而言之 generally speaking
通常來(lái)講 ⑥ general
adj. 一般的,大體的
n. 將軍 活用
根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思,完成英文句子 (1)我們泛泛地談了書(shū)籍。 We had _____________ about books. (2)將軍命令士兵前進(jìn)。 ___________ ordered the soldiers to march on. (3)深圳的氣候總體來(lái)說(shuō)是溫暖和潮濕的。 The
climate
in
Shenzhen
is
warm
and
humid __________. a general talk The general in general ⑦ avoid vt.
避免,消除;(故意)回避;逃避 根據(jù)語(yǔ)境感悟其用法 He studies so hard to avoid finishing at the bottom of the class.
為了不讓自己在全班墊底,他刻苦學(xué)習(xí)。 短語(yǔ) avoid sth. 避免某事 avoid doing sth.
避免做某事 ⑦ avoid vt.
避免,消除;(故意)回避;逃避 活用
用所給詞的正確形式填空 (1)其實(shí)這一事故可以避免。 Actually, the accident could _________ (avoid). (2)他避而不答我的問(wèn)題。 He avoided __________ (answer) my questions. be avoided answering ① be likely to do She is likely to lose the election.
根據(jù)語(yǔ)境be likely to do意為:_______。 有可能 辨析 likely/possible/probable
likely 是常用詞,指從表面上看很有可能。主語(yǔ)既可以是人也可以是物。可以說(shuō)sb./sth. be likely to do或it‘s likely that…, 但是不可以說(shuō) It is likely for sb. to do。
辨析 likely/possible/probable
possible強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀上有可能,但含有實(shí)際上可能性 很小的意思。主語(yǔ)不可以是人,只能是用it作形式主語(yǔ)。 構(gòu)成It is possible for sb. to do sth.或It is possible that…
probable 語(yǔ)氣比possible強(qiáng),主要強(qiáng)調(diào)有根有據(jù)、 合情合理的推測(cè),含有“很有可能,十有八九”的意 思。構(gòu)成It is probable for sb. to do sth. 。作表語(yǔ)時(shí),主 語(yǔ)不能是人或動(dòng)詞不定式。 ① be likely to do 活用
單項(xiàng)填空 (1) It's nearly eleven o'clock and mother _____ walk in at any moment.
A. is possible to
B. is probable to
C. is likely to
D. is able to 解析 考查likely/ possible/probable的辨析。當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是人時(shí),只能用sb. be likely to do sth.句式,所以答案是C。 ① be likely to do C (2) I think the team of your class will be _____ to win, but you have to work harder.
A. possible
B. likely
C. probable
D. certain 解析 possible和 probable只能構(gòu)成It's + adj.+to do sth.句式;certain是“一定、理所當(dāng)然”,根據(jù)but you have to work harder判斷,沒(méi)有十足的把握,所以答案是B。 ① be likely to do 活用
單項(xiàng)填空 C ②at ease
舒適;自由自在;安逸 I was at ease after I completed my stressful project.
把這個(gè)壓力很大的項(xiàng)目完成后,我感到很放松。 短語(yǔ) put sb. at ease
使舒適,使自在 ease one's mind
使放心;使放松 ease into sth.
了解或熟悉某事 take it easy
沉住氣,不緊張,慢慢來(lái) ②at ease
舒適;自由自在;安逸 活用
根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思,完成英文句子 (1)知道他在那座城市定居下來(lái),過(guò)著舒適的生活,我放心多了。 It would ____________ to know that he settled down in the city and was living a comfortable life. (2)我和朋友在一起感到自在。 I __________ with my friends. ease my mind feel at ease ②at ease
舒適;自由自在;安逸 活用
根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思,完成英文句子 (3)熟悉新的工作并不是一件易事,你一定要謙虛、勤奮。 It is no easy job for you ____________ your new work, so you must be modest and hard-working. to ease into
The first person to arrive was Tony Garcia from
Colombia, closely followed by Julia Smith from
Britain.(P26)
第一個(gè)到達(dá)的是從哥倫比亞來(lái)的托尼·加西亞, 隨后緊跟著的是英國(guó)的朱莉婭·史密斯。