2024高考英語(yǔ)人教版一輪學(xué)案:必修三 Unit1 Festivals around the world
Unit1 Festivals around the world
1、 mean
(meant, meant)v.
根據(jù)語(yǔ)境猜詞義
(1) What does the word “mean” mean in this contest?
(2) Do you mean to go to his party without any coin?
(3) Doing nothing means gaining nothing.
根據(jù)語(yǔ)義找匹配:A. 意思是 B. 意味著 C. 打算做
(1)A (2) C (3)B
mean adj. 吝嗇的、自私的;社會(huì)地位低下的
meaning n. 意思
meaningful adj. 有意義的;意義深遠(yuǎn)的;淺顯易懂的
meaningless adj. 沒(méi)意義的;不重要的
meantime adv. 同時(shí)
meanwhile adv. 與此同時(shí)
means n. 方式;方法;途徑 (單、復(fù)數(shù)相同)
be meant to do sth. 要做……;必須做……
mean sb. for 想要某人成為……
mean sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事
be meant for 注定成為……; 打算作……用
mean to do sth. 打算做沒(méi)事
mean doing sth. 意味著做某事
meant to do sth. 過(guò)去打算做某事(可能做,也可能不做)
meant to have done sth.過(guò)去打算做某事而實(shí)際上并未做
by no means 絕不 (放在居首,要用倒裝句,形式是部分倒裝)
by means of 借助于……;用……方法
by any means 不顧一切;不惜任何方式
by all means 用盡一切辦法
mean nothing to… 對(duì)……毫無(wú)意義(興趣)
單項(xiàng)填空
()— Did you go to her birthday party?
— I ______, but I had to work extra hours to finish my homework.
A. would
B. meant to
C. did
D. would like to
B 本題考查的是虛擬語(yǔ)氣在具體語(yǔ)言環(huán)境中的運(yùn)用。通過(guò)題干語(yǔ)義所體現(xiàn)的是對(duì)過(guò)去所發(fā)生的事情的虛擬表達(dá),按常規(guī)它應(yīng)該使用would have done sth.表示“過(guò)去該做的事情而實(shí)際上并未做到”。答案A 應(yīng)該是would have才對(duì),但它并不是。meant to 則有著這一用法,所以答案是B。
2、satisfy v.
根據(jù)語(yǔ)境猜詞義
(1) We will do everything we can to satisfy every student.
(2) You can't apply for the job unless satisfying all conditions.
根據(jù)語(yǔ)義找匹配:A. 滿足 B. 使……滿意
(1) B (2)A
satisfied adj. 滿意的;滿足的
satisfying adj. 令人滿意(滿足)的;圓滿的
satisfactory adj. 令人滿意(滿足)的;圓滿的
be satisfied with 對(duì)……感到滿意
單項(xiàng)填空
()Her ______ performance made me ______, so there was______ expression on my face.
A. satisfying; satisfied; satisfied
B. satisfied; satisfied; satisfied
C. satisfied; satisfying; satisfying
D. satisfying; satisfied; satisfying
A 本題考查的是“情感反應(yīng)”動(dòng)詞的-ing與-ed作為形容詞的語(yǔ)義區(qū)別。本句的語(yǔ)義是:她那令人滿意的表演使我感到滿意,于是我的臉上就露出滿意的笑容。第一個(gè)空所表達(dá)的是“令人滿意的”;第二、三個(gè)空所表達(dá)的是“滿意的”,所以答案是A。
(1)satisfy是一種“情感反應(yīng)”的動(dòng)詞。凡是這一類(lèi)的動(dòng)詞,其-ed和-ing形式都可以用作形容詞,它們?cè)诰渲械淖饔没鞠嗤鼈兊膮^(qū)別一般可以通過(guò)語(yǔ)義加以辨別:
①“令人……;令人感到……”用-ing形式;
②“感到……”或表示該詞的本義時(shí),用-ed形式;
③由于自身情感活動(dòng)而流露出的感情、表情或神色,用-ed形式;
④在to one's + n. 結(jié)構(gòu)中,一定用其相應(yīng)的名詞形式;
(2)satisfying 一般用作定語(yǔ); satisfactory 一般用作表語(yǔ)。
3、gain v.&n.
根據(jù)語(yǔ)境猜詞義
(1) He has gained a lot from his teachers.
(2) He gained a great deal in the foreign trade.
(3) So long as you work hard, you will gain what you expect to. As the saying goes, no pains, no gains.
根據(jù)語(yǔ)義找匹配:A. 收益;利益 B. 賺得 C. 獲得
(1) C (2) B (3) A
單項(xiàng)填空
()______ private hospitals are operating purely for ______, how can we be sure they treat the patient best?
A. While; honor
B. Once; service
C. If; gain
D. Though; income
C 本題考查的是連詞的使用以及名詞的辨析。通過(guò)語(yǔ)境,我們體會(huì)出本題的語(yǔ)義是:如果私立醫(yī)院只是為賺錢(qián)而開(kāi)設(shè)的,那我們?cè)跄芟嘈潘麄儠?huì)更好地善待病人呢? 它所體現(xiàn)出的邏輯關(guān)系的是條件,第二個(gè)空是“獲利”的意思,所以答案是C。
4、 gather
v.
根據(jù)語(yǔ)境猜詞義
(1)We are to gather at the school gate at 7:30 tomorrow morning.
(2)Dark clouds is gathering and the north wind is whistling which promise that a storm is drawing near.
根據(jù)語(yǔ)義找匹配:A. 集合,聚集 B. 積聚
(1)A (2)B
gather/collect
gather一般強(qiáng)調(diào)同一種事物由少積多的收集。
We should pay attention to gathering materials for our composition in reading.
collect 強(qiáng)調(diào)為了某種目的而有選擇地、有計(jì)劃地、認(rèn)真地“收集”。
My hobby is collecting stamps.
用gather/collect填空
(1)It was late August and the harvest had been well gathered(收獲)in.
(2)The teachers gathered(聚集)all the students in the playground during the earthquake.
(1) gathered 本題的語(yǔ)義是:這已是晚秋,莊稼已被妥善地收起來(lái)。由于該單詞用在被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中,表示“收獲”之意,所以答案為gathered。
(2) gathered本句的語(yǔ)義是:在地震期間,老師們把所有的學(xué)生都聚集在操場(chǎng)上。又由于陳述的是過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情,因此答案為gathered。
5、award n.
根據(jù)語(yǔ)境猜詞義
(1) He got the first award in saving the flooded people.
(2) He is awarded a gold medal for working in the field of education for sixty years.
根據(jù)語(yǔ)義找匹配:A. 授予……的獎(jiǎng) B. 獎(jiǎng)勵(lì);獎(jiǎng)品
(1)B (2)A
完成句子
He has been given Educational Development ______(獎(jiǎng))in 2008 due to the contribution to education.
Award 本題的語(yǔ)義是:由于他對(duì)教育的貢獻(xiàn),他被授予2008年度“教育發(fā)展獎(jiǎng)”。強(qiáng)調(diào)的是“獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)的名稱(chēng)”,由于是專(zhuān)有名詞,所以答案是Award。
作為動(dòng)詞,我們要特別注意它們的句式搭配:
award sb. sth. 獎(jiǎng)賞某人某物
reward sb. for sth. 因……獎(jiǎng)賞某人
reward sb. with sth. 用某物酬勞某人
6、admire v.
根據(jù)語(yǔ)境猜詞義
(1) It's the custom for Chinese to admire the moon on Mid-autumn Day.
(2) I admire him for his success.
根據(jù)語(yǔ)義找匹配:A. 欽佩;羨慕 B. 贊美;欣賞
(1) B (2) A
admiration n. 欽佩;贊美;羨慕
admirer n. 贊美者;愛(ài)慕者;崇拜者
admiring adj. 佩服的,稱(chēng)贊的
admirable adj. 值得稱(chēng)贊的;可嘆為觀止的
admire sb. for… 因某事佩服某人的……
單項(xiàng)填空
()(1)More young people continued to make their way up the mountain to ______ the brightly shining moon.
A. follow
B. show
C. notice
D. admire
D 此處admire指“欣賞”,follow“跟隨”; show “展示”;notice“無(wú)意中發(fā)現(xiàn)”均與題意不符,所以答案是D。
完成句子
(2)Faced with the dangerous situation, he rushed into the burning house to rescue the child. I admire him for his courage (佩服他的勇氣).
7、fun n.&adj.
根據(jù)語(yǔ)境猜詞義
(1) He is full of fun.
(2) We had a lot of fun at the party.
(3) It's great fun working with him.
根據(jù)語(yǔ)義找匹配
A. 娛樂(lè);樂(lè)趣 B. 有趣的事或人 C. 嬉戲;玩笑
(1) C (2) A (3) B
funny adj. 可笑的;滑稽的;古怪的
for/in fun 鬧著玩地;不當(dāng)真地
make fun of 取笑……;拿(某人)開(kāi)玩笑
have fun 玩得開(kāi)心;玩得愉快; (祝福語(yǔ))祝你玩得開(kāi)心。
單項(xiàng)填空
()______it is to have a break between classes!
A. What a great fun
B. What great fun
C. How fun
D. How funny
B 本題考查的是:fun與funny區(qū)分和fun作為名詞前的冠詞問(wèn)題。通過(guò)語(yǔ)境語(yǔ)義反映出的是“課間能稍事休息是一件多么愜意的事情啊!”而不是“滑稽可笑的”,作為名詞其前一般是不加冠詞的,所以答案是B。
fun在中學(xué)階段是一個(gè)不帶冠詞的名詞,而我們的考試往往會(huì)考其前的冠詞問(wèn)題,所以遇到此類(lèi)問(wèn)題時(shí),一般地我們就選不帶冠詞的選項(xiàng)。當(dāng)然我們還要通過(guò)語(yǔ)境語(yǔ)義正確的使用形容詞funny。
8、honour
n.&v.
根據(jù)語(yǔ)境猜詞義
(1) We fight for the honour of our country.
(2) We should show respect to every student, because they have a fine sense of honour.
(3) It's a great honour to have been asked here to make a speech to you all.
根據(jù)語(yǔ)義找匹配
A. 榮幸的事、榮耀的事 B. 榮譽(yù) C. 自尊心
(1) B (2) C (3) A
in honour of 為了紀(jì)念……;為了向……表示敬意
on one‘s honour 以榮譽(yù)作為擔(dān)保
do the honours 盡地主之誼
have the honour to do sth. 有幸做某事
be honoured as… 被尊稱(chēng)為……
Will you honour me with a visit? 如蒙光臨,十分榮幸。/可否請(qǐng)您光臨?
It's a great honour to do sth. 做……倍感榮幸
單項(xiàng)填空
()(1) There is a party tonight ______ our new English teacher, Tom.
A. in memory of
B. in place of
C. in honour of
D. in favor of
C 考查名詞詞組的辨析。in memory of為了紀(jì)念……(一般用于對(duì)已故的人); in place of代替;in honour of 為了向某人表示敬意;in favor of 同意。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境:舉辦聚會(huì)是向新老師表示敬意,所以答案是C。
()(2) It's ______ great honour for us to fight for ______honour of our country.
A. a; /
B. a; the
C. /; the
D. a; a
B 考查冠詞的用法。honour在此是抽象名詞具體化,表示“一件非常榮幸的事”,用不定冠詞。在表示“榮譽(yù)”時(shí),honour是可數(shù)名詞,因指國(guó)家榮譽(yù),是特指,所以用定冠詞,故答案是B。
9、remind v.
根據(jù)語(yǔ)境猜詞義
The film (1) reminded me of my childhood, which always (2) reminds me to work hard.
根據(jù)語(yǔ)義找匹配:A. 使某人想起了 B. 提醒
(1) A (2) B
remind sb. of sth. 使某人想起了……
remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事
remind sb. that… 提醒某人……
單項(xiàng)填空
()(1) In our childhood, we were often ______ by Grandma to pay attention to our table manners.
A. demanded
B. reminded
C. allowed
D. hoped
B 句意:在我們童年時(shí)代,奶奶經(jīng)常提醒我們要注意吃飯禮儀。一般地,當(dāng)題干部分是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí),我們最好先用還原法把被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中的主語(yǔ)還原到其賓語(yǔ)位置上,然后在尋求動(dòng)詞在句中的搭配關(guān)系,這樣我們就能把demand和hope排除,因?yàn)檫@兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞都不能用demand /hope sb. to do sth.表達(dá);再通過(guò)語(yǔ)境語(yǔ)義,我們可以體會(huì)出是經(jīng)常“提醒”的意思,所以答案是B。
完成句子
(2) 他的話使我想起昨天發(fā)生的一件事。
What he said reminded me of a thing that happened yesterday.
(3) 他足不出戶便知天下事。
He stays indoors, reminded of / known everything in the world.
(1)在使用“使某人想起了……”這一句式,中國(guó)學(xué)生特別會(huì)受到漢語(yǔ)的影響而使用漢語(yǔ)式的表達(dá)make sb. think of,這是錯(cuò)誤的,因此我們?cè)谑褂眠^(guò)程中,務(wù)必注意這一點(diǎn)。
(2)常用 “動(dòng)詞+ sb. + of + 名詞”句型的還有:
warn / accuse/ cure/ suspect/rob + sb. + of
10、take place
根據(jù)語(yǔ)境猜詞義
(1) Who knows when the opening ceremony of the new term will take_place?
(2) Great changes have taken_place in our school after many years of hard work.
根據(jù)語(yǔ)義找匹配:A. 發(fā)生 B. 舉行
(1) B (2) A
take the place of 代替 take one's place 代替某人;坐下
in place of 代替
in place 放在原來(lái)的位置;原地
in one's place
處于某人的位置;為某人設(shè)身處地地想想
out of place 不合適;不恰當(dāng);格格不入
give place to 讓位于……
take place/happen/occur/come about/break out
take place的“發(fā)生、舉行”大都側(cè)重于安排或按計(jì)劃所發(fā)生的事情。
A Super Boy concert will take place in the square tonight.
happen 側(cè)重于“偶發(fā)”,不可預(yù)料的事情的“發(fā)生”。這時(shí)可與occur互換。happen to do sth. 或it happened that…表示“碰巧做某事”時(shí)不能與occur 互換。
I was crossing the street when a traffic accident happened.
It happened that I wasn't there when the earthquake happened.
occur 比較正式,所指的事件和時(shí)間比較明確。occur to sb.“某人突然想起某事”,這時(shí)不能用happen代替。
Can you tell me when on earth the accident occurred?
It occurs to me that we still have a lot of things to do.
come about常指偶然發(fā)生的事情,且很多時(shí)候與how 連用。
How did it come about that he left school?
break out 常指“戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、疫病或火災(zāi)”的突然發(fā)生。
EV71 broke out in China in the spring of 2008.
單項(xiàng)填空
()(1) Suddenly it ______ to me that we should do what we could to collect money for the poor college students.
A. happened
B. took place
C. occurred
D. came about
C 本題考查的是關(guān)于“發(fā)生”意義的詞的區(qū)別。通過(guò)題干所表現(xiàn)出的語(yǔ)義是“計(jì)上心頭”之意,所以答案是C。