2024屆高三英語一輪語法專項(xiàng)真題:特殊句式
特殊句式
【2024新課標(biāo)全國卷II】12.Only by increasing the number of doctors by 50 percent ________ properly in this hospital.
A.can be the patients treated
B.can the patients be treated
C.the patients can be treated
D.treated can be the patients
【解析】 題干的意思是:“只有把這家醫(yī)院醫(yī)生的人數(shù)增加50%,病人才能得到適當(dāng)?shù)闹委煛!薄皁nly+狀語”位于句首時(shí),句子須用部分倒裝語序。【答案】 B
34.Not until he went through real hardship ________ the love we have for our families is important.
A.had he realized
B.did he realize
C.he realized
D.he had realized
【解析】 題干的意思是:“直到他經(jīng)歷了真正的困難,他才意識到我們對家人的愛的重要性。”由題干中句首的關(guān)鍵信息Not until可知此處要用部分倒裝,排除C、D兩項(xiàng);而A項(xiàng)用了過去完成時(shí),表示“realize表示的動作發(fā)生在從句謂語went through表示的動作之前”,這顯然不合邏輯,所以排除A項(xiàng);而B項(xiàng)無論從語序還是從時(shí)態(tài)上講,都是非常正確的。【答案】 B
26.At no time ________ the rules of the game.It was unfair to punish them.
A.they actually broke
B.do they actually break
C.did they actually break
D.they had actually broken
【解析】 句意為“實(shí)際上他們從來沒有違反比賽的規(guī)則。懲罰他們是不公平的”。at no time意為“決不;從不,任何時(shí)刻都不”,當(dāng)其位于句首時(shí),句子應(yīng)該用部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu),故排除A項(xiàng)和D項(xiàng);根據(jù)第二個(gè)句子的時(shí)態(tài)可知,此處應(yīng)該用過去時(shí)態(tài),故排除B項(xiàng)。【答案】 C
27.“Never for a second” the boy says,“________that my father would come to my rescue.”
A.I doubted
B.do I doubt
C.I have doubted
D.did I doubt
【解析】 句意:這個(gè)男孩說:“我從來沒有懷疑過我爸爸會來救我。”當(dāng)否定副詞或具有否定含義的短語置于句首時(shí),句子常用部分倒裝。本題中,Never for a second置于句首,所以句子要用部分倒裝。再根據(jù)would come to...可知,是在講過去發(fā)生的事情,故應(yīng)用過去時(shí)。故答案選D。【答案】 D
35.Not once________to Michael that he could one day become a top student in his class.
A.occurred it
B.it did occur
C.it occurred
D.did it occur
【解析】 題干的意思是:“邁克爾成為班里的第一名這樣的情況一次也沒有發(fā)生過。”否定副詞not置于句首用于強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí),句子要用部分倒裝,故答案為D。解答這類題目需要了解用于倒裝的各種前提,準(zhǔn)確理解句子含義。【答案】 D
25.Only when he apologizes for his rudeness________to him again.
A.I will speak
B.will I speak
C.do I speak
D.I speak
【解析】 句意:只有他為他的粗魯?shù)狼笗r(shí),我才會再跟他講話。only+時(shí)間狀語從句放在句首時(shí),句子要部分倒裝。will表示愿意做某事。【答案】 B
10.It was only after he had read the papers ________ Mr.Gross realized the task before him was extremely difficult to complete.
A.when
B.that
C.which
D.what
【解析】 題干的意思是:“直到他讀了文件之后,格羅斯先生才意識到他面前的任務(wù)非常難完成。”本句為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型,強(qiáng)調(diào)狀語only after he had read the papers。根據(jù)強(qiáng)調(diào)句結(jié)構(gòu)“It is/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that+剩余部分”可知選B。此外,我們也可以將It is/was與空格去掉來驗(yàn)證此句是不是一個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)句。【答案】 B
11.It was not until near the end of the letter ________ she mentioned her own plan.
A.that
B.where
C.why
D.when
【解析】 本題考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型:It is/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that+其他部分。句意為“直到快寫到信的結(jié)尾的時(shí)候,她才提到了自己的計(jì)劃”。句中被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分是時(shí)間狀語not until near the end of the letter。【答案】 A
27.It was with the help of the local guide________the mountain climber was rescued.
A.who
B.that
C.when
D.how
【解析】 句意:正是在當(dāng)?shù)貙?dǎo)游的幫助下那位爬山者獲救了。這是一個(gè)It is/was...that...強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。判斷的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是:把It is/was和that去掉,然后調(diào)整句子的順序看句子是否成立。如果成立,就是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型,反之則不是。而本題將It was和that去掉并調(diào)整順序后為“The mountain climber was rescued with the help of the local guide.”,句子完整無缺,因此是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型,所以答案為B。【答案】 B
23.The famous musician,as well as his students,______ to perform at the opening ceremony of the 2024 Taipei Flower Expo.
A.were invited
B.was invited
C.have been invited
D.has been invited
【解析】 題干的意思是:“這位著名的音樂家和他的學(xué)生被邀請為2024年臺北花卉展的開幕式表演。”“被邀請”是一個(gè)發(fā)生在過去的動作,而且不表示對現(xiàn)在造成了影響,也不表示動作持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,所以不能選用完成時(shí)。根據(jù)主謂一致的語法規(guī)則,A as well as B作主語時(shí),遵循“就前原則”,也就是說謂語動詞要和A保持一致。也可以理解為本句的主語是A而不是B,所以本題謂語動詞的數(shù)要和the famous musician保持一致,用was invited。【答案】 B
21.Generally,students' inner motivation with high expectations from others ________ essential to their development.
A.isB.a(chǎn)re
C.was
D.were
【解析】 句意:一般說來,別人對其期望值高的學(xué)生,他們的內(nèi)在動機(jī)對自身的發(fā)展是至關(guān)重要的。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,該句的主語部分為students' inner motivation with high expectations from others,中心詞inner motivation顯然為第三人稱單數(shù)。再根據(jù)generally(一般說來)判斷該句話講的是通常情況,所以用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。解答該類題目的關(guān)鍵在于找準(zhǔn)中心詞。【答案】 A
33.The university estimates that living expenses for international students________around $8,450 a year, which________a burden for some of them.
A.a(chǎn)re; is
B.a(chǎn)re; are
C.is; are
D.is; is
【解析】 題干的意思是:“這所大學(xué)估計(jì),國際學(xué)生的生活費(fèi)用每年大約8 450美元,這對他們中的一些學(xué)生來說是一個(gè)負(fù)擔(dān)。”第一個(gè)空的主語為living expenses“生活費(fèi)用”,所以謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式;“which________a burden for some of them”是一個(gè)非限制性定語從句,which指代前面的“生活費(fèi)用高”這件事,故此處謂語動詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。【答案】 A
28.The driver wanted to park his car near the roadside but was asked by the police ________.
A.not to do
B.not to
C.not do
D.do not
【解析】 本題考查動詞不定式符號to的保留、不定式符號to后面的省略以及不定式的否定形式。句意:那個(gè)司機(jī)想把他的小汽車停在路邊,但是警察讓他不要把車停在路邊。通過分析題干,再結(jié)合句意可知,動詞不定式符號to后面省略了“park his car near the roadside”,全句補(bǔ)充完整是“The driver wanted to park his car near the roadside but was asked by the police not to park his car near the roadside.”。在此種用法中可以只在句中保留不定式符號to,從而把與前面重復(fù)的內(nèi)容省略;動詞不定式的否定形式是直接在不定式符號to的前面加上否定副詞not/never,故答案選B項(xiàng)。【答案】 B
19.There are some health problems that,when ________ in time,can become bigger ones later on.
A.not treated
B.not being treated
C.not to be treated
D.not having been treated
【解析】 題干的意思是:“有一些健康問題,如果沒得到及時(shí)的治療,在以后會變成更為嚴(yán)重的問題。”分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,此處是狀語從句的省略,從句主語problems與treat之間為被動關(guān)系,故A項(xiàng)正確,其完整的形式為when they are not treated in time。此句實(shí)際上是分隔式定語從句。定語從句that can become bigger ones later on被when not treated in time分隔開來了。【答案】 A
30.Every day________a proverb aloud several times until you have it memorized.
A.read
B.reading
C.to read
D.reads
【解析】 題干的意思是:“一則諺語每天大聲朗讀幾遍直到你記住。”此處考查祈使句的用法,故答案為A。考生易受every day的干擾,其實(shí)不管時(shí)間狀語的位置如何,只要確定了關(guān)鍵動詞和語氣就能判斷是不是祈使句。解答這類題目需要對常見句式熟記于心并準(zhǔn)確理解句子含義。【答案】 A32.Anyone,once ________ positive for H7N9 flu virus,will receive free medical treatment from our government.
A.to be tested
B.being tested
C.tested
D.to test
【解析】 題干的意思是:一旦H7N9禽流感病毒被檢測為陽性,任何人都會受到我們政府的免費(fèi)醫(yī)治。由題干中的關(guān)鍵信息once可知此處為時(shí)間狀語從句的省略。根據(jù)狀語從句中省略的條件:“當(dāng)主從句的主語一致,并且從句的謂語包括動詞be時(shí),可將從句的主語和動詞be一起省略”,逆推可將該從句還原為“once anyone is tested positive for H7N9 flu virus”,并且時(shí)間狀語從句中要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替一般將來時(shí),所以該題目自然是省略了“anyone is”。解答這類題目需要抓住句中的關(guān)鍵信息,準(zhǔn)確理解句子含義。【答案】 C
34.If________to look after luggage for someone else, inform the police at once.
A.a(chǎn)sked
B.to ask
C.a(chǎn)sking
D.having asked
【解析】 句意:如果被要求為他人照看行李,請立即通知警察。主句為祈使句,省略了主語you,根據(jù)語境可知,條件狀語從句中ask與you之間為動賓關(guān)系,故選A項(xiàng)。【答案】 A
【考點(diǎn)】
【答案】
【解析】34. You have to move out of the way
the truck cannot get past you.
A. so
B. or
C. and
D. but
【考點(diǎn)】考查并列連詞。
【答案 【解析— I don’t know about you, but I’m sick and tired of this weather.
— _________. I can’t stand all this rain. A. I don’t care
B. It’s hard to say
C. So am I
D. I hope not
【考點(diǎn)】考查倒裝句的用法。
【答案解析I can’t stand all this rain可知,此處與上一句中的I’m sick and tired of the weather表達(dá)同樣的感受,因此應(yīng)該用So am I,表示“我也是”。
【2024江蘇卷】25.There is little doubt in your mind that he is innocent, _______________?
A. is there B. isn't there C. is he D. isn't he
【考點(diǎn)】考查反意疑問句。
【答案】A
【解析】根據(jù)前面there be句型里含有否定意義的詞little,所以反意疑問句用肯定形式,其主謂應(yīng)與陳述部分的主謂保持一致,故選A項(xiàng)。
【舉一反三】陳述部分如含有”never/hardly/scarcely/seldom/little/few/nobody/nothing…”等否定詞或半否定詞時(shí),這部分應(yīng)視為否定形式,簡短問句就用肯定形式。如:
He was hardly twelve then,was he?他當(dāng)時(shí)幾乎不到十二歲,是嗎?
陳述部分含有帶”否定”前綴的詞,則這部分應(yīng)看做肯定形式,簡短問句就用否定形式。如:
she dislikes the way you work,doesn’t she?她不喜歡你的工作方式,對嗎?
2024湖南35. All the scientific evidence ____ that increasing use of chemicals in farming ____ damaging our health.
A. show; are B. shows; are C. show; is D. shows; is
【考點(diǎn)】本題考查主謂一致D
【解析】第一空的主語evidence為不可數(shù),所以排除A、C;第二空主語為increasing use也是不可數(shù),所以選D。主謂一致 不可數(shù)名詞/動名詞/含介詞短語的部分作主語
[2024湖南30. It was not until I came here ____ I realized this place was famous, for not only its beauty but also its weather.
A. who B. that C. where D. before
【考點(diǎn)】本題考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句。B
【解析】把it was及空去掉,可轉(zhuǎn)換為一個(gè)完整的句子。且這是表示“直到……時(shí)才”的句型之一:it was not until … that …。復(fù)合句 強(qiáng)調(diào)句型that
—倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)
【答案】C
【解析】空白處前為否定詞“nor”位于句首,句子應(yīng)該使用部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu),而且根據(jù)語境空白處應(yīng)使用一般將來時(shí),C選項(xiàng)符合題意。因此,正確答案為C選項(xiàng)。
【2024重慶卷】32. It was 80 years before Christopher Columbus crossed the Atlantic______ Zheng sailed to East Africa.
A. when
B. that
C. after
D. since
【考點(diǎn)】特殊句式—強(qiáng)調(diào)句型
【答案】B
【解析】句子雖然比較長,但是其主干為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型,是對“80 years before Christopher Columbus crossed the Atlantic”進(jìn)行了強(qiáng)調(diào),由此可知,空白處應(yīng)該填寫“that”。因此,正確答案為B選項(xiàng)。
【2024遼寧卷】32.
Not until he retired from teaching three years ago
having a holiday abroad.
A.
he had considered
B.
had he considered
C.
he considered
D.
did he consider
【考點(diǎn)】特殊句式—倒裝。
【解析】Not until位于句首時(shí)句子要倒裝,consider having a holiday abroad這個(gè)動作發(fā)生在retire之后,所以用一般過去時(shí)。
【2024四川卷】4. At school, some students are active ______ some are shy, yet they can be good friends with one another.
A. while
B. although
C. so
D. as
【答案】 【答案】 nor位于句首引起部分倒裝,排除B、D;再根據(jù)句意“這并不是(關(guān)于)我的故事,它也不是故事的全部。我的故事的結(jié)局不同。”選代詞it。故答案選C。
【2024陜西卷】12.The basketball coach, as well as his team , ______interviewed shortly after the match for their outstanding performance.
A. were
B. was
C. is
D. are
【答案】B
【考點(diǎn)】考查動詞時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。
【解析】主語中心詞是the basketball coach,是單數(shù),根據(jù)shortly after the match可以推斷出題干時(shí)態(tài)是一般過去時(shí),故選B。
【2024北京卷】31. ______ at the door before you enter my room, please.
A. Knock
B. Knocking