中考英語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)從句考點(diǎn)講解與訓(xùn)練
賓語(yǔ)從句是一種名詞性從句,在句中作及物動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ),或介詞的賓語(yǔ),或形容詞的賓語(yǔ)。根據(jù)引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句的不同連詞,賓語(yǔ)從句可分為三類。
【考點(diǎn)掃描】
中考對(duì)賓語(yǔ)從句的考查主要集中在以下幾個(gè)方面:
1. 引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句的連詞和代詞選擇;
2. 賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序;
3. 賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)。
編輯推薦
★ 2011年中考語(yǔ)文拿高分經(jīng)驗(yàn)技巧
★ 中考復(fù)習(xí)掌握五個(gè)方法輕松提高成績(jī)
★ 2011年1月學(xué)歷考試免費(fèi)短信提醒
考查的主要形式是單項(xiàng)填空、完型填空、短文填空和完成句子。閱讀理解和書面表達(dá)肯定也要用到賓語(yǔ)從句。
【名師精講】
一、賓語(yǔ)從句的種類
賓語(yǔ)從句是一種名詞性從句,在句中作及物動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ),或介詞的賓語(yǔ),或形容詞的賓語(yǔ)。根據(jù)引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句的不同連詞,賓語(yǔ)從句可分為三類。
1. 由that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。That只有語(yǔ)法作用,沒(méi)有實(shí)在的意義,在口語(yǔ)
和非正式文體中可以省略。例如:
He said (that) he wanted to stay at home.
She doesnt know (that) she is seriously ill.
I am sure (that) he will succeed.
2. 由連接代詞who, whom, whose, what, which和連接副詞when, where, why, how引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。這些連接代詞和連接副詞在賓語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)某個(gè)成分。例如:
Do you know who (whom) they are waiting foe?
He asked whose handwriting was the best.
Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is?
I dont know why the train is late.
3. 由if或whether引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。If和whether在句中的意思是是否。例如:
I want to know if (whether) he lives there.
He asked me whether (if) I could help him.
二、 賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序
賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序應(yīng)為陳述句的語(yǔ)序。例如:
I hear (that) physics isnt easy.
I think (that) you will like this school soon.
Can you tell me how I can get to zoo?
Please tell me when well have the meeting.
三、 賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)
1. 如果主句的時(shí)態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),賓語(yǔ)從句該用什麼時(shí)態(tài)就用什麼時(shí)態(tài)。
如:
I dont think (that) you are right.
Please tell us where he is.
Can you tell me how I can get to the railway station?
2. 如果主句的時(shí)態(tài)是一般過(guò)去時(shí),賓語(yǔ)從句只能用相應(yīng)的過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)(一般過(guò)去時(shí), 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí), 過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí),過(guò)去完成時(shí))。例如:
He asked what time it was.
He told me that he was preparing for the sports meet.
He asked if you had written to Peter.
He said that he would go back to the U.S. soon.
3. 如果賓語(yǔ)從句所陳述的是客觀真理,其時(shí)態(tài)常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。例如:
Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year.
Scientists have proved that the earth turns around the sun.
【中考范例】
1. (2004年北京市中考試題)
Miss Green didnt tell us _______ in 2002.
A. where does she live B. Where she lives
C. where did she live D. where she lived
【解析】答案:D。該題考查的是賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序和時(shí)態(tài)。賓語(yǔ)從句應(yīng)用陳述句的語(yǔ)序和時(shí)態(tài),所以應(yīng)選D。
2. (2004年上海市徐匯區(qū)中考試題)
Would you please tell me ________?
A. when did he come home
B. where he would play football
C. if he had seen the film
D. why he didnt watch the game
【解析】答案:D。該題考查的是賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序和時(shí)態(tài)。主句用的實(shí)際上是現(xiàn)在時(shí),賓語(yǔ)從句在這個(gè)句子里應(yīng)用陳述句的語(yǔ)序和一般過(guò)去時(shí)。
3. (2004年哈爾濱市中考試題)
I dont know when __________.
A. will the train leave B. the train will leave
C. would the train leave D. the train leave
【解析】答案:B。該題考查的是賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序和時(shí)態(tài)。只有B在語(yǔ)序和時(shí)態(tài)上符合要求。
4. (2004年常州市中考試題)
We dont know _____________.
It is said that he was born in Sweden.
A. what he is B. if he lives here
C. where he comes from D. which country is he from
【解析】答案: C。該題考查的是賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序。按照他們談?wù)摰脑掝}可知:他們說(shuō)的是某人是哪里人。A和B可以排除掉。D的語(yǔ)序不對(duì),只有C正確。
賓語(yǔ)從句是一種名詞性從句,在句中作及物動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ),或介詞的賓語(yǔ),或形容詞的賓語(yǔ)。根據(jù)引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句的不同連詞,賓語(yǔ)從句可分為三類。
【考點(diǎn)掃描】
中考對(duì)賓語(yǔ)從句的考查主要集中在以下幾個(gè)方面:
1. 引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句的連詞和代詞選擇;
2. 賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序;
3. 賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)。
編輯推薦
★ 2011年中考語(yǔ)文拿高分經(jīng)驗(yàn)技巧
★ 中考復(fù)習(xí)掌握五個(gè)方法輕松提高成績(jī)
★ 2011年1月學(xué)歷考試免費(fèi)短信提醒
考查的主要形式是單項(xiàng)填空、完型填空、短文填空和完成句子。閱讀理解和書面表達(dá)肯定也要用到賓語(yǔ)從句。
【名師精講】
一、賓語(yǔ)從句的種類
賓語(yǔ)從句是一種名詞性從句,在句中作及物動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ),或介詞的賓語(yǔ),或形容詞的賓語(yǔ)。根據(jù)引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句的不同連詞,賓語(yǔ)從句可分為三類。
1. 由that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。That只有語(yǔ)法作用,沒(méi)有實(shí)在的意義,在口語(yǔ)
和非正式文體中可以省略。例如:
He said (that) he wanted to stay at home.
She doesnt know (that) she is seriously ill.
I am sure (that) he will succeed.
2. 由連接代詞who, whom, whose, what, which和連接副詞when, where, why, how引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。這些連接代詞和連接副詞在賓語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)某個(gè)成分。例如:
Do you know who (whom) they are waiting foe?
He asked whose handwriting was the best.
Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is?
I dont know why the train is late.
3. 由if或whether引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。If和whether在句中的意思是是否。例如:
I want to know if (whether) he lives there.
He asked me whether (if) I could help him.
二、 賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序
賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序應(yīng)為陳述句的語(yǔ)序。例如:
I hear (that) physics isnt easy.
I think (that) you will like this school soon.
Can you tell me how I can get to zoo?
Please tell me when well have the meeting.
三、 賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)
1. 如果主句的時(shí)態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),賓語(yǔ)從句該用什麼時(shí)態(tài)就用什麼時(shí)態(tài)。
如:
I dont think (that) you are right.
Please tell us where he is.
Can you tell me how I can get to the railway station?
2. 如果主句的時(shí)態(tài)是一般過(guò)去時(shí),賓語(yǔ)從句只能用相應(yīng)的過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)(一般過(guò)去時(shí), 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí), 過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí),過(guò)去完成時(shí))。例如:
He asked what time it was.
He told me that he was preparing for the sports meet.
He asked if you had written to Peter.
He said that he would go back to the U.S. soon.
3. 如果賓語(yǔ)從句所陳述的是客觀真理,其時(shí)態(tài)常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。例如:
Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year.
Scientists have proved that the earth turns around the sun.
【中考范例】
1. (2004年北京市中考試題)
Miss Green didnt tell us _______ in 2002.
A. where does she live B. Where she lives
C. where did she live D. where she lived
【解析】答案:D。該題考查的是賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序和時(shí)態(tài)。賓語(yǔ)從句應(yīng)用陳述句的語(yǔ)序和時(shí)態(tài),所以應(yīng)選D。
2. (2004年上海市徐匯區(qū)中考試題)
Would you please tell me ________?
A. when did he come home
B. where he would play football
C. if he had seen the film
D. why he didnt watch the game
【解析】答案:D。該題考查的是賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序和時(shí)態(tài)。主句用的實(shí)際上是現(xiàn)在時(shí),賓語(yǔ)從句在這個(gè)句子里應(yīng)用陳述句的語(yǔ)序和一般過(guò)去時(shí)。
3. (2004年哈爾濱市中考試題)
I dont know when __________.
A. will the train leave B. the train will leave
C. would the train leave D. the train leave
【解析】答案:B。該題考查的是賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序和時(shí)態(tài)。只有B在語(yǔ)序和時(shí)態(tài)上符合要求。
4. (2004年常州市中考試題)
We dont know _____________.
It is said that he was born in Sweden.
A. what he is B. if he lives here
C. where he comes from D. which country is he from
【解析】答案: C。該題考查的是賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序。按照他們談?wù)摰脑掝}可知:他們說(shuō)的是某人是哪里人。A和B可以排除掉。D的語(yǔ)序不對(duì),只有C正確。