高考語法:用錯冠詞位置的若干情形
在通常情況下,冠詞總是放在被修飾和說明的名詞之前,若名詞前帶有定語修飾語,冠詞則放在相應(yīng)的定語之前。但是當(dāng)名詞前的修飾語涉及以下詞語時,情況會比較特殊,你千萬別用錯。
一、當(dāng)涉及such, what, many時
當(dāng)such, what, many 修飾單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞時,不定冠詞應(yīng)放在這些詞之后,而不是之前。如:
Ive never seen such a big apple. 我從未看到那樣大的蘋果。
Many a woman has great influence upon her husband. 許多婦女對其丈夫有很大影響。
This hospital is a pattern of what a good hospital should be. 這家醫(yī)院就是好醫(yī)院的榜樣。
說明:many a 后接單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞,相當(dāng)于 many 后接復(fù)數(shù)名詞,但前者為正式用法,且語氣較強(qiáng)。
二、當(dāng)涉及how, however, so, too, as時
當(dāng)單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前面的形容詞受到副詞how, however, so, too, as的修飾時,不定冠詞應(yīng)放在相應(yīng)形容詞之后。如:
She is as clever a cook as her mother. 她跟媽媽一樣做飯。
It is too difficult a book for beginners. 那本書供初學(xué)者看太難了。
Its so interesting a film that we all like it. 那部電影很有趣,我們大家都喜歡看。
He didnt know how great a mistake he had made. 他不知道他自己犯了一個好大的錯誤。
He has too mild a nature to get angry, even if he has good cause. 他的性情太溫和了,即使有充分的理由,他也不會動怒。
三、當(dāng)涉及rather, quite時
若單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前有rather, quite 修飾,則不定冠詞常放在這些詞之后。如:
Your daughter is quite a beauty. 你的女兒真是個大美人。
She is quite a help to her mother. 她是她媽媽的得力助手。
It took me quite a while to fill out the questionnaire. 填寫那份問卷花了我好長一段時間。
Mr Smith lived here for quite a long time. 史密斯先生在這兒住過很久。
注意:若該結(jié)構(gòu)中的名詞還帶有形容詞修飾語,則不定冠詞可放在這些詞語之前或之后。如:
He was rather a [a rather] naughty student. 他是一個相當(dāng)淘氣的學(xué)生。
另外,若不定冠詞與其他詞語構(gòu)成習(xí)語或固定搭配時,rather和quite只能位于不定冠詞之前。如:
Quite a few people are interested in seeing movies. 不少人對看電影感興趣。
四、不定冠詞與 half的位置關(guān)系
在通常情況下,不定冠詞位于half之后,如說 half an hour,half an apple 等。如:
Ill be ready in half a minute. 我馬上就準(zhǔn)備好。
The river is half a mile across. 這條河有半英里寬。
The baby had a gain of half a pound. 嬰兒的體重增加了半磅。
不過在美國英語中也可將不定冠詞置于half 之前,如說 a half hour, a half apple 等。值得注意的是,在以下情況中,必須說 a half,不能說 half a:
1. 當(dāng)構(gòu)成復(fù)合詞時:
Its a half-hour test. 那是一次半小時的測試。
We need a half-dozen. 我們需要半打(即六個)。
2. 當(dāng)half 不表示一半時:
a half brother 同父異母或同母異父的兄弟
3. 當(dāng)表示幾個半時:
We stayed there for two and a half weeks [two weeks and a half]. 我們在那兒呆了兩周半。
The journey from London to Oxford takes about an hour and a half. 從倫敦到牛津大約需要一個半小時。
五、定冠詞與both, all, half, twice的位置關(guān)系
當(dāng)這些詞與定冠詞連用時,定冠詞通常放在這些詞語之后。如:
Not both the boys were ill. 并不是兩個孩子都病了。
Yours is twice the size of mine. 你的是我的兩倍大。
Half the workers are women. 一半工人是婦女。
There isnt enough room for all the furniture. 沒有足夠的地方放置全部家具。
在通常情況下,冠詞總是放在被修飾和說明的名詞之前,若名詞前帶有定語修飾語,冠詞則放在相應(yīng)的定語之前。但是當(dāng)名詞前的修飾語涉及以下詞語時,情況會比較特殊,你千萬別用錯。
一、當(dāng)涉及such, what, many時
當(dāng)such, what, many 修飾單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞時,不定冠詞應(yīng)放在這些詞之后,而不是之前。如:
Ive never seen such a big apple. 我從未看到那樣大的蘋果。
Many a woman has great influence upon her husband. 許多婦女對其丈夫有很大影響。
This hospital is a pattern of what a good hospital should be. 這家醫(yī)院就是好醫(yī)院的榜樣。
說明:many a 后接單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞,相當(dāng)于 many 后接復(fù)數(shù)名詞,但前者為正式用法,且語氣較強(qiáng)。
二、當(dāng)涉及how, however, so, too, as時
當(dāng)單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前面的形容詞受到副詞how, however, so, too, as的修飾時,不定冠詞應(yīng)放在相應(yīng)形容詞之后。如:
She is as clever a cook as her mother. 她跟媽媽一樣做飯。
It is too difficult a book for beginners. 那本書供初學(xué)者看太難了。
Its so interesting a film that we all like it. 那部電影很有趣,我們大家都喜歡看。
He didnt know how great a mistake he had made. 他不知道他自己犯了一個好大的錯誤。
He has too mild a nature to get angry, even if he has good cause. 他的性情太溫和了,即使有充分的理由,他也不會動怒。
三、當(dāng)涉及rather, quite時
若單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前有rather, quite 修飾,則不定冠詞常放在這些詞之后。如:
Your daughter is quite a beauty. 你的女兒真是個大美人。
She is quite a help to her mother. 她是她媽媽的得力助手。
It took me quite a while to fill out the questionnaire. 填寫那份問卷花了我好長一段時間。
Mr Smith lived here for quite a long time. 史密斯先生在這兒住過很久。
注意:若該結(jié)構(gòu)中的名詞還帶有形容詞修飾語,則不定冠詞可放在這些詞語之前或之后。如:
He was rather a [a rather] naughty student. 他是一個相當(dāng)淘氣的學(xué)生。
另外,若不定冠詞與其他詞語構(gòu)成習(xí)語或固定搭配時,rather和quite只能位于不定冠詞之前。如:
Quite a few people are interested in seeing movies. 不少人對看電影感興趣。
在通常情況下,冠詞總是放在被修飾和說明的名詞之前,若名詞前帶有定語修飾語,冠詞則放在相應(yīng)的定語之前。但是當(dāng)名詞前的修飾語涉及以下詞語時,情況會比較特殊,你千萬別用錯。
一、當(dāng)涉及such, what, many時
當(dāng)such, what, many 修飾單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞時,不定冠詞應(yīng)放在這些詞之后,而不是之前。如:
Ive never seen such a big apple. 我從未看到那樣大的蘋果。
Many a woman has great influence upon her husband. 許多婦女對其丈夫有很大影響。
This hospital is a pattern of what a good hospital should be. 這家醫(yī)院就是好醫(yī)院的榜樣。
說明:many a 后接單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞,相當(dāng)于 many 后接復(fù)數(shù)名詞,但前者為正式用法,且語氣較強(qiáng)。
二、當(dāng)涉及how, however, so, too, as時
當(dāng)單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前面的形容詞受到副詞how, however, so, too, as的修飾時,不定冠詞應(yīng)放在相應(yīng)形容詞之后。如:
She is as clever a cook as her mother. 她跟媽媽一樣做飯。
It is too difficult a book for beginners. 那本書供初學(xué)者看太難了。
Its so interesting a film that we all like it. 那部電影很有趣,我們大家都喜歡看。
He didnt know how great a mistake he had made. 他不知道他自己犯了一個好大的錯誤。
He has too mild a nature to get angry, even if he has good cause. 他的性情太溫和了,即使有充分的理由,他也不會動怒。
三、當(dāng)涉及rather, quite時
若單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前有rather, quite 修飾,則不定冠詞常放在這些詞之后。如:
Your daughter is quite a beauty. 你的女兒真是個大美人。
She is quite a help to her mother. 她是她媽媽的得力助手。
It took me quite a while to fill out the questionnaire. 填寫那份問卷花了我好長一段時間。
Mr Smith lived here for quite a long time. 史密斯先生在這兒住過很久。
注意:若該結(jié)構(gòu)中的名詞還帶有形容詞修飾語,則不定冠詞可放在這些詞語之前或之后。如:
He was rather a [a rather] naughty student. 他是一個相當(dāng)淘氣的學(xué)生。
另外,若不定冠詞與其他詞語構(gòu)成習(xí)語或固定搭配時,rather和quite只能位于不定冠詞之前。如:
Quite a few people are interested in seeing movies. 不少人對看電影感興趣。
四、不定冠詞與 half的位置關(guān)系
在通常情況下,不定冠詞位于half之后,如說 half an hour,half an apple 等。如:
Ill be ready in half a minute. 我馬上就準(zhǔn)備好。
The river is half a mile across. 這條河有半英里寬。
The baby had a gain of half a pound. 嬰兒的體重增加了半磅。
不過在美國英語中也可將不定冠詞置于half 之前,如說 a half hour, a half apple 等。值得注意的是,在以下情況中,必須說 a half,不能說 half a:
1. 當(dāng)構(gòu)成復(fù)合詞時:
Its a half-hour test. 那是一次半小時的測試。
We need a half-dozen. 我們需要半打(即六個)。
2. 當(dāng)half 不表示一半時:
a half brother 同父異母或同母異父的兄弟
3. 當(dāng)表示幾個半時:
We stayed there for two and a half weeks [two weeks and a half]. 我們在那兒呆了兩周半。
The journey from London to Oxford takes about an hour and a half. 從倫敦到牛津大約需要一個半小時。
五、定冠詞與both, all, half, twice的位置關(guān)系
當(dāng)這些詞與定冠詞連用時,定冠詞通常放在這些詞語之后。如:
Not both the boys were ill. 并不是兩個孩子都病了。
Yours is twice the size of mine. 你的是我的兩倍大。
Half the workers are women. 一半工人是婦女。
There isnt enough room for all the furniture. 沒有足夠的地方放置全部家具。
在通常情況下,冠詞總是放在被修飾和說明的名詞之前,若名詞前帶有定語修飾語,冠詞則放在相應(yīng)的定語之前。但是當(dāng)名詞前的修飾語涉及以下詞語時,情況會比較特殊,你千萬別用錯。
一、當(dāng)涉及such, what, many時
當(dāng)such, what, many 修飾單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞時,不定冠詞應(yīng)放在這些詞之后,而不是之前。如:
Ive never seen such a big apple. 我從未看到那樣大的蘋果。
Many a woman has great influence upon her husband. 許多婦女對其丈夫有很大影響。
This hospital is a pattern of what a good hospital should be. 這家醫(yī)院就是好醫(yī)院的榜樣。
說明:many a 后接單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞,相當(dāng)于 many 后接復(fù)數(shù)名詞,但前者為正式用法,且語氣較強(qiáng)。
二、當(dāng)涉及how, however, so, too, as時
當(dāng)單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前面的形容詞受到副詞how, however, so, too, as的修飾時,不定冠詞應(yīng)放在相應(yīng)形容詞之后。如:
She is as clever a cook as her mother. 她跟媽媽一樣做飯。
It is too difficult a book for beginners. 那本書供初學(xué)者看太難了。
Its so interesting a film that we all like it. 那部電影很有趣,我們大家都喜歡看。
He didnt know how great a mistake he had made. 他不知道他自己犯了一個好大的錯誤。
He has too mild a nature to get angry, even if he has good cause. 他的性情太溫和了,即使有充分的理由,他也不會動怒。
三、當(dāng)涉及rather, quite時
若單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前有rather, quite 修飾,則不定冠詞常放在這些詞之后。如:
Your daughter is quite a beauty. 你的女兒真是個大美人。
She is quite a help to her mother. 她是她媽媽的得力助手。
It took me quite a while to fill out the questionnaire. 填寫那份問卷花了我好長一段時間。
Mr Smith lived here for quite a long time. 史密斯先生在這兒住過很久。
注意:若該結(jié)構(gòu)中的名詞還帶有形容詞修飾語,則不定冠詞可放在這些詞語之前或之后。如:
He was rather a [a rather] naughty student. 他是一個相當(dāng)淘氣的學(xué)生。
另外,若不定冠詞與其他詞語構(gòu)成習(xí)語或固定搭配時,rather和quite只能位于不定冠詞之前。如:
Quite a few people are interested in seeing movies. 不少人對看電影感興趣。