高中英語語法-有無“ ly ”意不同之一
有無 ly 意不同之一
某些形容詞有兩種副詞形式,一種和形容詞同形,另一種以 -ly 結(jié)尾。這兩種副詞有一部分意義和用法都相同,但其中多數(shù)意義用法以不盡相同。所以把這類詞在意義和用法上的差別搞清楚是很重要的。
(一) late/lately
late 意為遲,晚,置于句末或動(dòng)詞后。
He goes to bed late and gets up late.
lately 意為近來,最近,相當(dāng)于 recently ,可置于句首也可置于句末。
Lately I've collected a lot of foreign stamps.
(二) pretty/prettily
pretty 與 rather, very 相近,意為相當(dāng),十分。
It's pretty cold outdoors today.
prettily 意為漂亮地,有禮貌地。
She was prettily dressed at the party.
(三) hard/hardly
hard 意為努力地,猛烈地。
It is raining hard.
hardly 意為幾乎不,簡(jiǎn)直不,常置于行為動(dòng)詞前或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞、系動(dòng)詞之后。
I was so tired that I could hardly walk.
(四) new/newly
new 作副詞一般用在某些合成詞中,常與過去分詞構(gòu)成合成形容詞,兩個(gè)詞之間有連字符。
a new-born baby
a new-laid egg
newly 意為新近地,一般用于修飾過去分詞,中間無連字符。
They are a newly married couple.
Don't sit on the newly painted chair.
(五) easy/easily
easy 作副詞意義和 easily 相同,但它僅用于某些慣用語中。
如: Take it easy. 別著急。
Easy come, easy go. 來得容易,去得快。
Easier said than done. 說來容易做來難。
Stand easy! 稍息!
Easily 意為容易地,輕松地,隨便地。
He lots his temper easily. 他很容易發(fā)火。
(六) firm/firmly
firm 與 firmly 意義相同,它僅用于與某些動(dòng)詞的習(xí)慣搭配中。如: hole firm , stand firm .
Whatever they may say, I'll stand firm by you. 無論他們說什么,我都會(huì)堅(jiān)定地站在你身邊。
firmly 意為牢牢地,堅(jiān)定地,可放在動(dòng)詞前,也可放在動(dòng)詞后。
I firmly believe in his leadership.
我堅(jiān)信他的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)。
We won't give in, he said firmly.
我們決不投降。他堅(jiān)定地說。
(七) deep/deeply
deep 意為深深地時(shí)主要表示具體可感的深度,一般不放在實(shí)義動(dòng)詞前。
He went deep into the water.
They dug deep for the treasure.
deeply 深深地,深入地常用于表示抽象的概念,用于引申義,動(dòng)詞之后或過去分詞之前。
He was deeply moved by their story.
(八) direct/directly
direct 意為直接地,一直地,它多用來表示時(shí)間或路程,不能置于動(dòng)詞前。
He flew direct to New York.
他直接飛往紐約。
directly 可表示直接地,直率地,直截了當(dāng)?shù)兀R上等意。
He drove directly to school.
He answered me directly.
他直率地回答了我的問題。
(九) loud/loudly
loud 作副詞意為大聲地,常與 talk, speak, sing, laugh 等詞連用,它不能置于動(dòng)詞前。
They laughed loud and long.
他們大聲笑了很久。
Facts speak louder than words.
事實(shí)勝于雄辯。
loudly 表示雜、亂、大的聲音。
The bomb exploded loudly.
She cried loudly.
(十) most/mostly
most 作副詞,意為最,非常,修飾動(dòng)詞時(shí),不能置于動(dòng)詞和賓語之間。
I like swimming most.
mostly 意為絕大多數(shù),大部分地,主要地。如:
The students are mostly from the countryside. (=Most of the students are from the countryside.)
The medicine is mostly sugar and water.
這種藥的主要成分是糖和水。
(十一) first/firstly
first 意為首先,起初,開始時(shí),第一次。
First, I'd like to make a self-introduction.
首先,我想做一下自我介紹。
When did you first meet?
你們最初什么時(shí)候見的面?
firstly 意為第一,首先,用于例舉事物或理由。
Firstly, she didn't graduate. Secondly, she meant to live with her parents.
(十二) high/highly
high 用來表示具體高度、上升的幅度。
This kind of bird flies high.
另外,它與某些詞搭配也可表示抽象意義。如: aim high (目標(biāo)高), live high (過富裕生活)。
highly 含有比喻義,意為高度地,非常地可修飾動(dòng)詞、過去分詞、形容詞。
This method is highly effective.
這種方法非常有效。
The little boy was highly praised for what he had done.
這小孩兒因其所作所為受到人們的高度贊揚(yáng)。
(十三) close/closely
close 意為接近,靠近,挨近,多用于描述兩物體之間距離上的變化。
He was told to stand close to the wall.
有人告訴他靠墻站著。
He went closer to her.
他向她挨得更近了一些。
closely 常用于比喻意,表示仔細(xì)地,緊密地,嚴(yán)密地。
They were closely united around the Partly.
他們緊緊地團(tuán)結(jié)在黨的周圍。
The baby was closely looked after by her mother.
這個(gè)嬰兒被她母親緊緊地看護(hù)著。
(十四) wide/widely
wide 意為廣大地,廣闊地,全部地,主要指具體范圍,只能放在所修飾的動(dòng)詞的后面。
The doctor told her to open her mouth wide.
He travels far and wide.
他去過很多地方。
wide 有時(shí)也可用于表示程度,相當(dāng)于 completely 。如: He was wide awake. = He was completely awake. 他睡意全無。
widely 意為廣泛地,大大地,用于引申義。
As a writer he is widely known.
作為一名作家,他遠(yuǎn)近聞名。
They differ widely on this point.
在這一點(diǎn)上他們的意見迥異。
(十五) slow/slowly
slow 作副詞僅和 go, drive, pass 等動(dòng)詞連用,且只能用在動(dòng)詞后面。
Tell the driver to go slower.
How slow time passes!
slowly 和 slow 意思相同,前者可用于引申義,且比 slow 用得更廣泛,置于謂語動(dòng)詞前后均可。
He slowly realized his mistake.
Slowly the water in the tube turned green.
(十六) near/nearly
near 意為在附近,臨近,接近,僅置于動(dòng)詞后。
Easter draws near. 復(fù)活
有無 ly 意不同之一
某些形容詞有兩種副詞形式,一種和形容詞同形,另一種以 -ly 結(jié)尾。這兩種副詞有一部分意義和用法都相同,但其中多數(shù)意義用法以不盡相同。所以把這類詞在意義和用法上的差別搞清楚是很重要的。
(一) late/lately
late 意為遲,晚,置于句末或動(dòng)詞后。
He goes to bed late and gets up late.
lately 意為近來,最近,相當(dāng)于 recently ,可置于句首也可置于句末。
Lately I've collected a lot of foreign stamps.
(二) pretty/prettily
pretty 與 rather, very 相近,意為相當(dāng),十分。
It's pretty cold outdoors today.
prettily 意為漂亮地,有禮貌地。
She was prettily dressed at the party.
(三) hard/hardly
hard 意為努力地,猛烈地。
It is raining hard.
hardly 意為幾乎不,簡(jiǎn)直不,常置于行為動(dòng)詞前或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞、系動(dòng)詞之后。
I was so tired that I could hardly walk.
(四) new/newly
new 作副詞一般用在某些合成詞中,常與過去分詞構(gòu)成合成形容詞,兩個(gè)詞之間有連字符。
a new-born baby
a new-laid egg
newly 意為新近地,一般用于修飾過去分詞,中間無連字符。
They are a newly married couple.
Don't sit on the newly painted chair.
(五) easy/easily
easy 作副詞意義和 easily 相同,但它僅用于某些慣用語中。
如: Take it easy. 別著急。
Easy come, easy go. 來得容易,去得快。
Easier said than done. 說來容易做來難。
Stand easy! 稍息!
Easily 意為容易地,輕松地,隨便地。
He lots his temper easily. 他很容易發(fā)火。
(六) firm/firmly
firm 與 firmly 意義相同,它僅用于與某些動(dòng)詞的習(xí)慣搭配中。如: hole firm , stand firm .
Whatever they may say, I'll stand firm by you. 無論他們說什么,我都會(huì)堅(jiān)定地站在你身邊。
firmly 意為牢牢地,堅(jiān)定地,可放在動(dòng)詞前,也可放在動(dòng)詞后。
I firmly believe in his leadership.
我堅(jiān)信他的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)。
We won't give in, he said firmly.
我們決不投降。他堅(jiān)定地說。
(七) deep/deeply
deep 意為深深地時(shí)主要表示具體可感的深度,一般不放在實(shí)義動(dòng)詞前。
He went deep into the water.
They dug deep for the treasure.
deeply 深深地,深入地常用于表示抽象的概念,用于引申義,動(dòng)詞之后或過去分詞之前。
He was deeply moved by their story.
(八) direct/directly
direct 意為直接地,一直地,它多用來表示時(shí)間或路程,不能置于動(dòng)詞前。
He flew direct to New York.
他直接飛往紐約。
directly 可表示直接地,直率地,直截了當(dāng)?shù)兀R上等意。
He drove directly to school.
He answered me directly.
他直率地回答了我的問題。
(九) loud/loudly
loud 作副詞意為大聲地,常與 talk, speak, sing, laugh 等詞連用,它不能置于動(dòng)詞前。
They laughed loud and long.
他們大聲笑了很久。
Facts speak louder than words.
事實(shí)勝于雄辯。
loudly 表示雜、亂、大的聲音。
The bomb exploded loudly.
She cried loudly.
(十) most/mostly
most 作副詞,意為最,非常,修飾動(dòng)詞時(shí),不能置于動(dòng)詞和賓語之間。
I like swimming most.
mostly 意為絕大多數(shù),大部分地,主要地。如:
The students are mostly from the countryside. (=Most of the students are from the countryside.)
The medicine is mostly sugar and water.
這種藥的主要成分是糖和水。
(十一) first/firstly
first 意為首先,起初,開始時(shí),第一次。
First, I'd like to make a self-introduction.
首先,我想做一下自我介紹。
When did you first meet?
你們最初什么時(shí)候見的面?
firstly 意為第一,首先,用于例舉事物或理由。
Firstly, she didn't graduate. Secondly, she meant to live with her parents.
(十二) high/highly
high 用來表示具體高度、上升的幅度。
This kind of bird flies high.
另外,它與某些詞搭配也可表示抽象意義。如: aim high (目標(biāo)高), live high (過富裕生活)。
highly 含有比喻義,意為高度地,非常地可修飾動(dòng)詞、過去分詞、形容詞。
This method is highly effective.
這種方法非常有效。
The little boy was highly praised for what he had done.
這小孩兒因其所作所為受到人們的高度贊揚(yáng)。
(十三) close/closely
close 意為接近,靠近,挨近,多用于描述兩物體之間距離上的變化。
He was told to stand close to the wall.
有人告訴他靠墻站著。
He went closer to her.
他向她挨得更近了一些。
closely 常用于比喻意,表示仔細(xì)地,緊密地,嚴(yán)密地。
They were closely united around the Partly.
他們緊緊地團(tuán)結(jié)在黨的周圍。
The baby was closely looked after by her mother.
這個(gè)嬰兒被她母親緊緊地看護(hù)著。
(十四) wide/widely
wide 意為廣大地,廣闊地,全部地,主要指具體范圍,只能放在所修飾的動(dòng)詞的后面。
The doctor told her to open her mouth wide.
He travels far and wide.
他去過很多地方。
wide 有時(shí)也可用于表示程度,相當(dāng)于 completely 。如: He was wide awake. = He was completely awake. 他睡意全無。
widely 意為廣泛地,大大地,用于引申義。
As a writer he is widely known.
作為一名作家,他遠(yuǎn)近聞名。
They differ widely on this point.
在這一點(diǎn)上他們的意見迥異。
(十五) slow/slowly
slow 作副詞僅和 go, drive, pass 等動(dòng)詞連用,且只能用在動(dòng)詞后面。
Tell the driver to go slower.
How slow time passes!
slowly 和 slow 意思相同,前者可用于引申義,且比 slow 用得更廣泛,置于謂語動(dòng)詞前后均可。
He slowly realized his mistake.
Slowly the water in the tube turned green.
(十六) near/nearly
near 意為在附近,臨近,接近,僅置于動(dòng)詞后。
Easter draws near. 復(fù)活