英語講義【158】多姿多彩的with結構
With是個介詞，基本的意思是用，但它也可以協助構成一個極為多采多姿的句型，在句子中起兩種作用；副詞與形容詞。
with在下列結構中起副詞作用：
1.with+賓語+現在分詞或短語，如：
（1） This article deals with common social ills, with particular attention being paid to vandalism.
2.with+賓語+過去分詞或短語，如：
（2） With different techniques used, different results can be obtained.
（3） The TV mechanic entered the factory with tools carried in both hands.
3.with+賓語+形容詞或短語，如：
（4） With so much water vapour present in the room, some iron-made utensils have become rusty easily.
（5） Every night, Helen sleeps with all the windows open.
4.with+賓語＋介詞短語，如：
（6） With the school badge on his shirt, he looks all the more serious.
（7） With the security guard near the gate no bad character could do any thing illegal.
5.with+賓語＋副詞虛詞，如：
（8） You cannot leave the machine there with electric power on.
（9） How can you lock the door with your guests in?
上面五種with結構的副詞功能，相當普遍，尤其是在科技英語中。
接著談with結構的形容詞功能，有下列五種：
一、with+賓語+現在分詞或短語，如：
（10） The body with a constant force acting on it. moves at constant pace.
（11） Can you see the huge box with a long handle attaching to it ?
二、with+賓語+過去分詞或短語
（12） Throw away the container with its cover sealed.
（13） Atoms with the outer layer filled with electrons do not form compounds.
三、with+賓語+形容詞或短語，如：
（14） Put the documents in the filing container with all the drawers open.
四、with+賓語+介詞短語，如：
（15） The young lady with a red ribbon on her head is my former maths teacher.
（16） Do you know the gentleman with both hands in his pockets?
五、with+賓語+副詞虛詞，如：
（17） Is there any water in the kettle with this cover off ?
（18） Out went the boy scouts with their uniforms on.
With是個介詞，基本的意思是用，但它也可以協助構成一個極為多采多姿的句型，在句子中起兩種作用；副詞與形容詞。
with在下列結構中起副詞作用：
1.with+賓語+現在分詞或短語，如：
（1） This article deals with common social ills, with particular attention being paid to vandalism.
2.with+賓語+過去分詞或短語，如：
（2） With different techniques used, different results can be obtained.
（3） The TV mechanic entered the factory with tools carried in both hands.
3.with+賓語+形容詞或短語，如：
（4） With so much water vapour present in the room, some iron-made utensils have become rusty easily.
（5） Every night, Helen sleeps with all the windows open.
4.with+賓語＋介詞短語，如：
（6） With the school badge on his shirt, he looks all the more serious.
（7） With the security guard near the gate no bad character could do any thing illegal.
5.with+賓語＋副詞虛詞，如：
（8） You cannot leave the machine there with electric power on.
（9） How can you lock the door with your guests in?
上面五種with結構的副詞功能，相當普遍，尤其是在科技英語中。
接著談with結構的形容詞功能，有下列五種：
一、with+賓語+現在分詞或短語，如：
（10） The body with a constant force acting on it. moves at constant pace.
（11） Can you see the huge box with a long handle attaching to it ?
二、with+賓語+過去分詞或短語
（12） Throw away the container with its cover sealed.
（13） Atoms with the outer layer filled with electrons do not form compounds.
三、with+賓語+形容詞或短語，如：
（14） Put the documents in the filing container with all the drawers open.
四、with+賓語+介詞短語，如：
（15） The young lady with a red ribbon on her head is my former maths teacher.
（16） Do you know the gentleman with both hands in his pockets?
五、with+賓語+副詞虛詞，如：
（17） Is there any water in the kettle with this cover off ?
（18） Out went the boy scouts with their uniforms on.
