職稱英語(yǔ)考試?yán)砉ゎ愅晷吞羁諒?fù)習(xí)必備精選習(xí)題
The Case of the Disappearing Fingerprints
One useful anti-cancer drug can effectively erase the whorls and other characteristic marks that give people their distinctive fingerprints. Losing 1 become troublesome. A case released online in a letter by Annals of Oncology indicates how big a 2 of losing fingerprints is.
Eng-Huat Tan, a Singapore-based medical doctor describes a 62-year old man who has used capecitabine1 to 3 his nasopharyngeal cancer. After three years on the 4 , the patient decided to visit U.S. relatives last December. But he was stopped by U.S. customs officials 5 4 hours after entering the country when those officials couldnt get fingerprints from the man. There were no distinctive swirly 6 appearing from his index finger2.
U.S. customs3 has been fingerprinting incoming foreign visitors for years, Tan says. Their index fingers are 7 and screened against digital files of the fingerprints of bad guys -- terrorists and potential criminals that our federal guardians have been tasked with keeping out of the country4. Unfortunately, for the Singapore travelers, one potential 8 effect of his drug treatmerit is a smoothing of the tissue on the finger pads6. 9 , no fingerprints.
It is uncertain when fingerprint loss will 10 to take place in patients who are taking capecitabine, Tan points out. So he cautions any physicians who 11 the drug to provide their patients with a doctors note pointing out that their medicine may cause fingerprints to disappear.
Eventually, the Singapore traveler made it into the United States7. I guess the name on his passport didnt raise any red flags8. But hes also now got the explanatory doctors note and wont leave home 12 it.
By the way, maybe the Food and Drug Administration9, 13 approved use of the drug 11 years ago, should consider 14 its list of side effects associated with this medicine. The current list does note10 that patients may experience vomiting, stomach pain and some other side effects. But no where 15 it mention the potential for loss of fingerprints.
詞匯：
fingerprint n.指紋 nasopharyngeal adj.鼻咽的 whorl n.羅紋，籮狀指紋 swirly adj.旋渦狀的
annals n.年度 digit n.數(shù)字 oncology n.腫瘤學(xué) onset n.開始 capecitabine n.卡培他濱 vomit v.嘔吐
注釋：
1. capecitabine 卡培他濱。是一種口服的化療藥物，用于治療轉(zhuǎn)移性乳腺癌、大腸癌、咽 喉癌等，以緩解腫瘤生長(zhǎng)。
2. index finger：食指。
3. U.S. customs：美 國(guó) 海 關(guān) 。Customs 視作一個(gè)組織，用做單數(shù)名詞，所以在文章中后接has。
4. terrorists and potential criminals that our federal guardians have been tasked with keeping out of the country：我們的聯(lián)邦衛(wèi)士的職責(zé)是要把那些恐怖分 子和疑似罪犯擋在國(guó)門之外
。關(guān)系代詞 that 引導(dǎo)的是一個(gè)限制性定語(yǔ)從句，修飾 terrorists and potential criminals。That 在定語(yǔ)從句中做 keeping 的賓語(yǔ)。
5. traveler：旅行者。traveler 是美國(guó)英語(yǔ)的拼法。英國(guó)英語(yǔ)的拼法是 traveller。
6. the tissue on the finger pads：指尖上的肉墊組織。
7. Eventually, the Singapore traveler made it into the United States：那位新加 坡旅客終于進(jìn)入了美國(guó)。make it into 意為進(jìn)入。
8. red flags：紅旗，即危險(xiǎn)信號(hào)。揮動(dòng)紅旗表示危險(xiǎn)，最初用于鐵路，后 來(lái)西方公司等用英文 red flags 或紅色小旗表示業(yè)績(jī)下降等。
9. the Food and Drug Administration：美國(guó)食品和藥物局。
10. The current list does note：現(xiàn)有的副作用清單中確實(shí)列出。在肯定句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞前加do/does/did，是為了強(qiáng)調(diào)該動(dòng)詞，漢語(yǔ)可譯為確實(shí)。如：
He speaks Chinese, English, French, Spanish and Russian.
He does speak Chinese, English, French, Spanish and Russian.
練習(xí)：
1. A he B them C her D him
2. A theme B topic C creation D problem
3. A treat B cut C find D smooth
4. A recovery B diet C drug D diagnosis
5. A in B at C for D on
6. A digits B marks C images D pictures
7. A printed B located C cured D placed
8. A normal B good C main D side
9. A However B Hence C Moreover D Furthermore
10. A begin B like C decide D have
11. A prevent B preserve C presume D prescribe
12. A off B on C without D with
13. A who B where C when D which
14. A updating B using C printing D cancelling
15. A must B does C may D should
答案與題解：
1. B 根據(jù)上下文的意思，失去的應(yīng)該是 fingerprints。Fingerprints 是復(fù)數(shù) 形式，指代它的帶刺是 them。其他三個(gè)代詞都不合適。
2. D 前面兩個(gè)句子說(shuō)，失去指紋是一大問(wèn)題。本句說(shuō)，要舉出一個(gè)實(shí)例以說(shuō)明失去指紋會(huì) 造成極大的困擾。所以只有選項(xiàng) D 最合適。
3. A第二段描述了實(shí)例的細(xì)節(jié)。第一句說(shuō)病人用一種藥名為卡培他濱的抗癌藥治療他的鼻 咽癌。所以 treat 是必然的選擇。cut，find和 smooth都與 上下文接不上。
4. C 從上下文判斷，After three years on the后面應(yīng)該接用 藥、治療等字眼，所以選 drug 是正確的。選 recovery，diet 或 diagnosis都與后面提到的病人進(jìn)入美國(guó)受阻的事件接不上。
5. C for 表示時(shí)間上達(dá)到，for 4 hours 意為長(zhǎng)達(dá)四小時(shí)。
6. B 美國(guó)海關(guān)因?yàn)椴杉坏侥菫榘┌Y患者的指紋樣本，于是盤問(wèn)了他 4 小時(shí)。所以本句提 到的 swirly 應(yīng)該與 marks 搭配，意思是旋渦狀指紋標(biāo)記。
7. A 為了防止恐怖分子和罪犯進(jìn)入美國(guó)，美國(guó)海關(guān)通過(guò)電腦對(duì)入境者進(jìn)行指紋采樣，然后 與指紋庫(kù)進(jìn)行比照。根據(jù)常理，海關(guān)要檢查每一位外國(guó)人的指紋。采樣的手指是食指。 后面的 screened是解題的重要線索，引導(dǎo)讀者選 A，即 printed。這里， printed=finger-printed。其他三個(gè)選項(xiàng)，即 located、cured和 placed，都與上下文的意思接不上。
8. D 實(shí)例中的新加坡人用了抗癌藥后的一個(gè)副作用是指紋消失，這是一種不良反應(yīng)。所以 ， 選 good，main，normal都不符合上下文的意思，只有 side 才是答案。Side effect 意為副作用。
9. B 前面句子提及的服用抗癌藥是因，本段最后一句是果，連接詞應(yīng)該用 Hence。而 However 表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，Moreover 和 Furthermore 表示進(jìn)一步的關(guān)系，與上文連 接不上。
10. A 本段表達(dá)的意思是：由于癌癥病人服用了卡培他濱后指紋何時(shí)開始消失還不清楚， 所以主治醫(yī)生要提前為病人開具指紋可能會(huì)消失的證明。to take place之前 填上 like，decide 或 have 都與上下文的意思接不上，唯有 begin 最合適。
11. D 參閱上一題的題解。本題四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中的英語(yǔ)單詞的前三個(gè)字母都是 pre-，只要知道prescribe 的詞義是開處方，就會(huì)選 D。
12. C第五段的意思是，那位病人已經(jīng)拿到醫(yī)生開具的指紋消失證明單，現(xiàn)在他們出門旅 行不會(huì)不帶上它。本題 without 是答案。
13. D 哪一個(gè)政府機(jī)構(gòu)許可使用該類抗癌藥?就是本段第一句提到的 the Food and Drug Administration。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，只有關(guān)系代詞 which 能指代 the Food and Drug Administration，它是 approved 動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者。
14. A 最后一段表達(dá)的意思是：過(guò)去該藥列出的不良反應(yīng)只包括嘔吐等，沒(méi)有列出指紋消 失這一副作用，現(xiàn)在應(yīng)該補(bǔ)上這一條。所以，updating是答案。
15. B 最后一段最后一句中，為了強(qiáng)調(diào) no where，將它移到句首，這時(shí)，原句的it does not mention the potential for loss of fingerprints就要寫成強(qiáng)調(diào)句形式的no where does it mention the potential for loss of fingerprints。所以，答案 是 B。
The Case of the Disappearing Fingerprints
One useful anti-cancer drug can effectively erase the whorls and other characteristic marks that give people their distinctive fingerprints. Losing 1 become troublesome. A case released online in a letter by Annals of Oncology indicates how big a 2 of losing fingerprints is.
Eng-Huat Tan, a Singapore-based medical doctor describes a 62-year old man who has used capecitabine1 to 3 his nasopharyngeal cancer. After three years on the 4 , the patient decided to visit U.S. relatives last December. But he was stopped by U.S. customs officials 5 4 hours after entering the country when those officials couldnt get fingerprints from the man. There were no distinctive swirly 6 appearing from his index finger2.
U.S. customs3 has been fingerprinting incoming foreign visitors for years, Tan says. Their index fingers are 7 and screened against digital files of the fingerprints of bad guys -- terrorists and potential criminals that our federal guardians have been tasked with keeping out of the country4. Unfortunately, for the Singapore travelers, one potential 8 effect of his drug treatmerit is a smoothing of the tissue on the finger pads6. 9 , no fingerprints.
It is uncertain when fingerprint loss will 10 to take place in patients who are taking capecitabine, Tan points out. So he cautions any physicians who 11 the drug to provide their patients with a doctors note pointing out that their medicine may cause fingerprints to disappear.
Eventually, the Singapore traveler made it into the United States7. I guess the name on his passport didnt raise any red flags8. But hes also now got the explanatory doctors note and wont leave home 12 it.
By the way, maybe the Food and Drug Administration9, 13 approved use of the drug 11 years ago, should consider 14 its list of side effects associated with this medicine. The current list does note10 that patients may experience vomiting, stomach pain and some other side effects. But no where 15 it mention the potential for loss of fingerprints.
詞匯：
fingerprint n.指紋 nasopharyngeal adj.鼻咽的 whorl n.羅紋，籮狀指紋 swirly adj.旋渦狀的
annals n.年度 digit n.數(shù)字 oncology n.腫瘤學(xué) onset n.開始 capecitabine n.卡培他濱 vomit v.嘔吐
注釋：
1. capecitabine 卡培他濱。是一種口服的化療藥物，用于治療轉(zhuǎn)移性乳腺癌、大腸癌、咽 喉癌等，以緩解腫瘤生長(zhǎng)。
2. index finger：食指。
3. U.S. customs：美 國(guó) 海 關(guān) 。Customs 視作一個(gè)組織，用做單數(shù)名詞，所以在文章中后接has。
4. terrorists and potential criminals that our federal guardians have been tasked with keeping out of the country：我們的聯(lián)邦衛(wèi)士的職責(zé)是要把那些恐怖分 子和疑似罪犯擋在國(guó)門之外
。關(guān)系代詞 that 引導(dǎo)的是一個(gè)限制性定語(yǔ)從句，修飾 terrorists and potential criminals。That 在定語(yǔ)從句中做 keeping 的賓語(yǔ)。
5. traveler：旅行者。traveler 是美國(guó)英語(yǔ)的拼法。英國(guó)英語(yǔ)的拼法是 traveller。
6. the tissue on the finger pads：指尖上的肉墊組織。
7. Eventually, the Singapore traveler made it into the United States：那位新加 坡旅客終于進(jìn)入了美國(guó)。make it into 意為進(jìn)入。
8. red flags：紅旗，即危險(xiǎn)信號(hào)。揮動(dòng)紅旗表示危險(xiǎn)，最初用于鐵路，后 來(lái)西方公司等用英文 red flags 或紅色小旗表示業(yè)績(jī)下降等。
9. the Food and Drug Administration：美國(guó)食品和藥物局。
10. The current list does note：現(xiàn)有的副作用清單中確實(shí)列出。在肯定句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞前加do/does/did，是為了強(qiáng)調(diào)該動(dòng)詞，漢語(yǔ)可譯為確實(shí)。如：
He speaks Chinese, English, French, Spanish and Russian.
He does speak Chinese, English, French, Spanish and Russian.
練習(xí)：
1. A he B them C her D him
2. A theme B topic C creation D problem
3. A treat B cut C find D smooth
4. A recovery B diet C drug D diagnosis
5. A in B at C for D on
6. A digits B marks C images D pictures
7. A printed B located C cured D placed
8. A normal B good C main D side
9. A However B Hence C Moreover D Furthermore
10. A begin B like C decide D have
11. A prevent B preserve C presume D prescribe
12. A off B on C without D with
13. A who B where C when D which
14. A updating B using C printing D cancelling
15. A must B does C may D should
答案與題解：
1. B 根據(jù)上下文的意思，失去的應(yīng)該是 fingerprints。Fingerprints 是復(fù)數(shù) 形式，指代它的帶刺是 them。其他三個(gè)代詞都不合適。
2. D 前面兩個(gè)句子說(shuō)，失去指紋是一大問(wèn)題。本句說(shuō)，要舉出一個(gè)實(shí)例以說(shuō)明失去指紋會(huì) 造成極大的困擾。所以只有選項(xiàng) D 最合適。
3. A第二段描述了實(shí)例的細(xì)節(jié)。第一句說(shuō)病人用一種藥名為卡培他濱的抗癌藥治療他的鼻 咽癌。所以 treat 是必然的選擇。cut，find和 smooth都與 上下文接不上。
4. C 從上下文判斷，After three years on the后面應(yīng)該接用 藥、治療等字眼，所以選 drug 是正確的。選 recovery，diet 或 diagnosis都與后面提到的病人進(jìn)入美國(guó)受阻的事件接不上。
5. C for 表示時(shí)間上達(dá)到，for 4 hours 意為長(zhǎng)達(dá)四小時(shí)。
6. B 美國(guó)海關(guān)因?yàn)椴杉坏侥菫榘┌Y患者的指紋樣本，于是盤問(wèn)了他 4 小時(shí)。所以本句提 到的 swirly 應(yīng)該與 marks 搭配，意思是旋渦狀指紋標(biāo)記。
7. A 為了防止恐怖分子和罪犯進(jìn)入美國(guó)，美國(guó)海關(guān)通過(guò)電腦對(duì)入境者進(jìn)行指紋采樣，然后 與指紋庫(kù)進(jìn)行比照。根據(jù)常理，海關(guān)要檢查每一位外國(guó)人的指紋。采樣的手指是食指。 后面的 screened是解題的重要線索，引導(dǎo)讀者選 A，即 printed。這里， printed=finger-printed。其他三個(gè)選項(xiàng)，即 located、cured和 placed，都與上下文的意思接不上。
8. D 實(shí)例中的新加坡人用了抗癌藥后的一個(gè)副作用是指紋消失，這是一種不良反應(yīng)。所以 ， 選 good，main，normal都不符合上下文的意思，只有 side 才是答案。Side effect 意為副作用。
9. B 前面句子提及的服用抗癌藥是因，本段最后一句是果，連接詞應(yīng)該用 Hence。而 However 表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，Moreover 和 Furthermore 表示進(jìn)一步的關(guān)系，與上文連 接不上。
10. A 本段表達(dá)的意思是：由于癌癥病人服用了卡培他濱后指紋何時(shí)開始消失還不清楚， 所以主治醫(yī)生要提前為病人開具指紋可能會(huì)消失的證明。to take place之前 填上 like，decide 或 have 都與上下文的意思接不上，唯有 begin 最合適。
11. D 參閱上一題的題解。本題四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中的英語(yǔ)單詞的前三個(gè)字母都是 pre-，只要知道prescribe 的詞義是開處方，就會(huì)選 D。
12. C第五段的意思是，那位病人已經(jīng)拿到醫(yī)生開具的指紋消失證明單，現(xiàn)在他們出門旅 行不會(huì)不帶上它。本題 without 是答案。
13. D 哪一個(gè)政府機(jī)構(gòu)許可使用該類抗癌藥?就是本段第一句提到的 the Food and Drug Administration。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，只有關(guān)系代詞 which 能指代 the Food and Drug Administration，它是 approved 動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者。
14. A 最后一段表達(dá)的意思是：過(guò)去該藥列出的不良反應(yīng)只包括嘔吐等，沒(méi)有列出指紋消 失這一副作用，現(xiàn)在應(yīng)該補(bǔ)上這一條。所以，updating是答案。
15. B 最后一段最后一句中，為了強(qiáng)調(diào) no where，將它移到句首，這時(shí)，原句的it does not mention the potential for loss of fingerprints就要寫成強(qiáng)調(diào)句形式的no where does it mention the potential for loss of fingerprints。所以，答案 是 B。
