Unit 2　The United Kingdom

　　(60分鐘79分)

　　Part A

　　一、閱讀理解(共7小題;每小題2分,滿分14分)

　　A

　　Monthly talks at London Canal Museum

　　Our monthly talks start at 1930 on the first Thursday of each month except August.Admission is at normal charges and you don’t need to book.They end around 21∶00.

　　November 7th?

　　The Canal Pioneers,by Chris Lewis.James Brindley is recognized as one of the leading early canal engineers.He was also a major player in training others in the art of canal planning and building.Chris Lewis will explain how Brindley made such a positive contribution to the education of that group of early “civil engineers”.

　　December 5th?

　　Ice for the Metropolis,by Malcolm Tucker.Well before the arrival of freezers,there was a demand for ice for food preservation and catering.Malcolm will explain the history of importing natural ice and the technology of building ice wells,and how London’s ice trade grew.

　　February 6th?

　　An Update on the Cotswold Canals,by Liz Payne.The Stroudwater Canal is moving towards reopening.The Thames and Severn Canal will take a little longer.We will have a report on the present state of play.

　　March 6th?

　　Eyots and Aits—Thames Islands,by Miranda Vickers.The Thames has many islands.Miranda has undertaken a review of all of them.She will tell us about those of greatest interest.

　　Online bookings:www.canalmuseum.org.uk/book

　　More info:www.canalmuseum.org.uk/whatson

　　London Canal Museum

　　12-13 New Wharf Road,London NI 9RT

　　www.canalmuseum.org.uk　www.canalmuseum.mobi

　　Tel:020 7713 0836

　　(2024·新課標全國卷Ⅰ)

　　1.When is the talk on James Brindley?

　　A.February 6th. B.March 6th.

　　C.November 7th. D.December 5th.

　　2.What is the topic of the talk in February?

　　A.The Canal Pioneers.

　　B.Ice for the Metropolis.

　　C.Eyots and Aits—Thames Islands.

　　D.An Update on the Cotswold Canals.

　　3.Who will give the talk on the islands in the Thames?

　　A.Miranda Vickers. B.Malcolm Tucker.

　　C.Chris Lewis. D.Liz Payne.

　　【文章大意】本文是應用文。本文主要介紹了每個月在倫敦運河博物館舉辦的幾個講座,包括講座的時間和內容等。

　　1.C　細節(jié)理解題。根據 November 7th中的“James Brindley is recognized as one of the...He was also a major player...”可知,關于James Brindley的講座是在11月7日舉辦。?

　　2.D　細節(jié)理解題。根據 February 6th中的內容可知,在2月6日要舉辦的是以“An Update on the Cotswold Canals”為主題的講座。?

　　3.A　細節(jié)理解題。根據 March 6th中的“Eyots and Aits—Thames Islands,by Miranda Vickers.”可知答案為A項。?

　　B

　　Ladies,if you want a man at your feet,wear high heels.Research shows that men are more likely to help a woman wearing heels than one in flats.

　　This assistance ranges from taking part in a survey,to chasing after a woman who has dropped a glove.French researcher Nicholas Guéguen said:“Women’s shoe heel size exerts a powerful influence on men’s behavior.” Professor Guéguen first showed that men were much more likely to agree to fill in a questionnaire when stopped in the street by a woman in heels.When the women doing the survey were in flats,just 25 of the 60 men took part.A two-inch heel made them more amenable,with 36 out of the 60 that were approached agreeing to answer the woman’s questions.But when the heels rose to almost four inches,the number of male volunteers rose to 49 out of 60,or as Professor Guéguen put it:“Men responded more favorably to the survey request as soon as the length of her heels increased.” Tellingly,heel height had no effect on women’s possibility of agreeing to do the survey.

　　In another experiment,men were almost twice as likely to return a glove to a woman if she was in high heels.Some 56 out of 60 men stopped or chased after a female who dropped a glove while walking ahead of them in four-inch heels.?

　　The professor,from the University of South Brittany,said that one possibility is that men may see offering help as a non-threatening way of making contact with an attractive female.

　　1.What’s the purpose of the first paragraph?

　　A.To advise women to wear high heels.

　　B.To show the topic of the passage.

　　C.To tell men that women like to wear high heels.

　　D.To tell readers there are more women in high heels than in flats.

　　2.How many experiments are mentioned in the passage?

　　A.One. B.Two.

　　C.Three. D.Four.

　　3.According to the second paragraph,we can infer that.?

　　A.the higher the heels,the more willing the men were to help

　　B.more than 60 men participated in the experiment

　　C.high heels also attracted women to help do the survey

　　D.women in 4-inch heels are the most attractive

　　4.What will the author write next?

　　A.Why do women like wearing high heels?

　　B.The advantages and disadvantages of wearing high heels.

　　C.Some other possible reasons why men like helping women in high heels.

　　D.Some other experiments.

　　【文章大意】這是一篇說明文。調查研究表明,男人更愿意幫助穿高跟鞋的女性。

　　1.B　目的意圖題。第一段提到,調查顯示男人們更愿意對穿高跟鞋的女人伸出援手,這正是文章的主題。故選B項。

　　2.B　細節(jié)理解題。第二段第一句提到,幫助女性的形式包括:參與調查問卷和追上去歸還女人落下的手套。這就是文中提到的兩個實驗,選擇B項。

　　3.A　推理判斷題。根據第二段提到的調查數據以及蓋根教授所說的“男性同意接受問卷調查的速度隨鞋跟的增高而加快”可知,A項符合文意。

　　4.C　推理判斷題。最后一段提到了一個原因:男性可能把伸出援手視為與魅力女性接觸的一種平和的方式。據此可推知下面會談到其他原因。

　　二、語法填空(共10小題;每小題1.5分,滿分15分)

　　Nowadays the cost of a new car has fallen in real terms so that it is 1.(cheap) than ever to own one,and better road conditions have also attracted more drivers.The result is overcrowding on the road system,2. is one of the problems the local governments are faced with.?

　　When people travel to other towns,the problem might be relieved by getting them to park outside the town.Buses could be provided to take them into the centre.These Park and Ride projects are 3.(increasing) popular in the UK.At Southerton,for example,a council-funded project 4.(lead) to a 15% drop in city centre traffic over five months last year.?

　　Making car driving expensive is 5. way of encouraging people to use their cars less.Road taxes tend to mean that people use their cars less.6.(fine) drivers who are in areas where cars have been banned can also tend to encourage them to leave their cars behind.?

　　7.,one thing has to be got right for any solution to succeed.If we expect people to give up 8. habit of driving,we must give them an alternative they can rely on.Constant delays,unannounced changes to the timetable and 9.(suddenly) cancellations all discourage people from using public transport.People will only see it as a real 10.(choose) if the buses and trains are on time.?

　　1.cheaper。由than ever可知,應使用cheap的比較級形式。

　　2.which。此處應用which引導非限制性定語從句,overcrowding為先行詞,which在從句中作主語。

　　3.increasingly。popular為形容詞,應被副詞increasingly修飾。increasingly意為“越來越多地,不斷增加地”。

　　4.led。句末的時間狀語last year表明應用一般過去時,故填lead的過去式led。

　　5.another。第二段介紹了一種解決交通擁堵問題的方法,第三段介紹了另外一種方法,another符合語境。

　　6.Fining。此處應用動名詞短語作主語,故填fining。

　　7.However。前兩段闡述了解決交通擁堵問題的措施,本段介紹了當今交通管理方面存在的不足及配套改進措施,再根據空后的“one thing has to be got right...”可知,應填寫表示轉折的副詞however。

　　8.the。此處特指“駕車”的習慣,故用定冠詞the。

　　9.sudden。此處應用作定語修飾名詞cancellations。

　　10.choice。由“see it as”可判定此處與“it”對應,故用choose的名詞形式choice。

　　Part B

　　一、完形填空(共20小題;每小題1.5分,滿分30分)

　　I have been driving for over 30 years,but I can still remember what happened that day when I drove a car for the first time.My mom had driven our big Plymouth to a 　1　 and deserted back road and 　2　 it.It was a one-way road and had a 　3　 built with river rocks along the side of it,but Mom knew there was little 　4　 of meeting any traffic on it that day.With a smile,she gave me the key and 　5　 seats with me.And then she told me to 　6　 the car,to put it into drive and to 　7　 push on the gas pedal.?

　　In spite of excitement,I 　8　 what gently meant.After I pushed on the gas pedal,the car sped 　9　.Before I could turn the 　10　,I heard the scratch of metal against the stone wall.I 　11　 the car and looked over at Mom.Her face was 　12　 and her hands were trembling.Slowly,she opened her door and began checking the car.Then she walked 　13　 around the car to the driver’s side door.I kept waiting for her to 　14　 at me but she just 　15　 and said,“Well,that’s enough for today.We’ll try again tomorrow.”?

　　As I 　16　 that day,I am amazed at the 　17　 amount of kindness,love and 　18　 my mom showed me.In the years that followed,I messed up many times in many ways.Often I didn’t feel worthy to be 　19　,but each time I could feel Mom’s gentle voice,“We’ll try again tomorrow.” When we fall today,don’t stay 　20　.Rise up and be ready to try again tomorrow.?

　　1.A.steep B.narrow

　　C.crowded D.loose

　　2.A.unloaded B.equipped

　　C.repaired D.parked

　　3.A.wall B.fence

　　C.pole D.bridge

　　4.A.choice B.challenge

　　C.chance D.task

　　5.A.took B.booked

　　C.switched D.adjusted

　　6.A.wash B.start

　　C.wipe D.push

　　7.A.quickly B.heavily

　　C.urgently D.gently

　　8.A.understood B.miscalculated

　　C.guessed D.questioned

　　9.A.forward B.upward

　　C.backward D.downward

　　10.A.door B.key

　　C.wheel D.mirror

　　11.A.sped B.tested

　　C.moved D.stopped

　　12.A.pale B.rough

　　C.calm D.tired

　　13.A.angrily B.quietly

　　C.casually D.bravely

　　14.A.whisper B.glare

　　C.shout D.cry

　　15.A.apologized B.blamed

　　C.complained D.sighed

　　16.A.look back on B.make up for

　　C.look forward to D.put up with

　　17.A.small B.huge

　　C.equal D.concrete

　　18.A.courage B.ability

　　C.patience D.doubt

　　19.A.forgiven B.praised

　　C.motivated D.ignored

　　20.A.up B.away

　　C.aside D.down

　　【文章大意】這是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者通過描述自己跟母親學習開車的經歷告訴我們:人的一生會無數次跌倒,不管是從頭再來還是勇往直前,都需要先堅強地站起來。

　　1.B　由下文中的“deserted back road”和“one-way road”可知,這是一條已經荒廢、偏僻的單行道,應該非?！蔼M窄”,故選擇B項。steep“陡峭的”;crowded“擁擠的”;loose“寬松的”。

　　2.D　由下文“With a smile,she gave me the key...”可知,母親停下了汽車。unload“卸載”;equip“安裝”;repair“修理”;park“停車”。

　　3.A　由第二段第三句“...I heard the scratch of metal against the stone wall.”可知,路邊上有一道用河中的巖石建造的石墻,A項符合語境。

　　4.C　由上文對路況的描述可知,在這條路上碰見其他車輛的概率很小。chance在此意為“可能性,可能”。

　　5.C　句意:母親微笑著交給我鑰匙,并與我調換了座位。switch“調換,交換”;book“預訂(房間、車票等)”;adjust“調整,校準”。C項符合語境。

　　6.B　由“to put it into drive and to 　7　 push on the gas pedal”及下文內容可看出,母親讓“我”啟動汽車。start在此為“啟動,開動”之意。?

　　7.D　由下段首句“...what gently meant.”可知,答案為D項。

　　8.B　從下文內容看,作者并沒有輕輕地踩踏加速器,可見誤解了“gently”的真正含義。miscalculate“錯誤估計,錯誤判斷”符合語境。

　　9.A　根據常識,啟動后的汽車只能是加速向前。forward“向前地”;upward“向上地”;backward“向后”;downward“向下”。

　　10.C　句意:我還沒來得及轉動方向盤,就聽到了金屬在石墻上的刮擦聲。wheel在此意為“方向盤”。

　　11.D　由“l(fā)ooked over at Mom”來判斷,作者已經把車停下了,故選D項。

　　12.A　由“her hands were trembling”可知,母親被嚇得面色“蒼白”(pale),A項符合語境。

　　13.B　由“Slowly”及下文內容來看,母親表現得非?！捌届o”(quietly),B項符合語境。A項“氣憤地”;C項“隨意地”;D項“勇敢地”。

　　14.C　作者學開車闖了禍,很顯然在等待母親的呵斥,應選C項。whisper at“對……私語,小聲說”;glare at“怒視”;shout at“對……大喊,呵斥”;cry at“對……哭喊”。

　　15.D　由最后一段“but each time I could feel Mom’s gentle voice...”可看出,母親并沒有責備或埋怨作者,母親也不應該道歉,所以應選擇D項。sigh意為“嘆氣,嘆息”,表示一種無奈、傷心或失望的狀態(tài)。

　　16.A　look back on“回顧,回憶”;make up for“彌補”;look forward to“盼望,期待”;put up with“容忍,忍受”。此處表示“回憶起那天”,A項符合語境。

　　17.B　句意:當我回憶那天發(fā)生的事情的時候,母親表現出的極大的仁慈、愛心和耐心,都令我感到吃驚。a huge amount of“大量的”。equal“平等的”;concrete“具體的”。

　　18.C　母親并未責備闖禍的作者,而是溫柔地說“明天再試”,自然是很有耐心(patience)。C項符合語境。

　　19.A　由最后一段第一句中的“I am amazed”可推知,作者常常感到自己不值得“被原諒”,A項符合語境。forgive“寬恕,原諒”;praise“稱贊,表揚”;motivate“激發(fā),激勵”;ignore“忽略,忽視”。

　　20.D　由空前的stay可知,此處應選擇與fall含義相近的詞,D項down在此意為“倒下的,情緒低落的”,符合語境。

　　二、七選五閱讀填空(共5小題;每小題2分,滿分10分)

　　Every one of us knows this feeling:we have a lot of work to do but a momentary feeling of laziness.　1　 This is either because we lack the inspiration or are not encouraged enough to start working.?

　　2　 It often leads to the worsening of one’s relationships at work and affects work performance,which can result into job loss and extra stress.?

　　How to overcome laziness?Here are some tips for overcoming it.

　　3　 An effective trick that helps you fight laziness effective is to start with the simple things first.That will slowly but surely break your inner resistance.?