Unit 5　The power of nature

　　【熱點話題】(個人情況)達爾文體裁：記敘文寫作思路：出生年月——主要事跡——光輝成就【美文誦讀】ught_his_interest_③. In 1828，Charles_entered_the_University_of_Cambridge_after_he_gave_up_studying_medicine_at_the_University_of_Edinburgh④.He joined a 5-year voyage，which began on December 27，1831，travelling around the world to do scientific research.In_1859，he_published_his_book_On_the_Origin_of_Species_which_made_him_famous_all_over_the_world.⑤【學海拾貝】按要求完成或翻譯下列句子。將①改為由過去分詞作狀語的簡單句。小時候張華喜歡讀小說。(enjoy)

　　As_a_boy，Zhang Hua enjoyed_reading novels.

　　3．學校的一切都引起他極大的興趣。(catch)用“介詞＋動名詞”將④改為簡單句。將⑤改為含分詞作狀語的簡單句。In 1859，he published his book On the Origin of Species，making_him_famous all over the world.

　　Ⅰ.按要求寫出下列單詞冒險奇遇 ．adventure 波浪；波動 ．絕對的完全的 潛在性；可能的 ．汗；出汗 ．實在的實際的颶風8．圖表示意圖樣品樣本候選人任命委派預約職務約會洗澡游泳 沐浴洗澡 bath

　　浴室驚慌恐慌 ．驚慌恐慌(過去分詞) panicked失去知覺的；未覺察的 有意識的自覺的自覺地有意識地onsciously

　　意識知覺裝備裝備

　　用所給單詞的適當形式填空。anic．(panic)(anxious)

　　3．After he returned home，he went into the bathroom and took a bath．(bathe)

　　4．Do you want to evaluate your intelligence? Just complete the evaluation form below，please.(evaluate)

　　5．Tom was badly hurt and still unconscious after the accident，but his wife was conscious and was smiling to us consciously．(conscious)翻譯下列短語與……比較compare...with全部焚毀burn_to_the_ground前往make_one's_way努力make_an_effort匆匆看一遍瀏覽glance_through由……到……不等vary_from...to完全透明的crystal_clear各種各樣a_variety_of/varieties_of對……感到驚異be_amazed_at被任命擔任be_appointed_as

　　選用上述短語完成下列短文。(1) was_appointed_as headmaster of No.One Middle School two years ago.When I got to the school for the first time, I (2) was_amazed_at its beautiful surroundings.There was a botanical garden with (3) varieties_of plants in it.I (4) glanced_through the garden，realizing the former headmaster had (5) made_an_effort to make the school so beautiful and that I must try my best to make it more beautiful than ever.

　　Ⅲ.重點句型I was about to go back to sleep when suddenly my bedroom became as bright as day.(p.34)

　　我剛要回去再睡突然我的臥室亮如白晝。

　　was/were about to do...when...正要做……這時(突然)……小偷正要逃跑這時一名警察出現了。[模仿造句]用上述句型完成下列句子。(1)他正要拿出鎖匙時門開了。(2)我們正要開會時天突然下起了雨。The other two climbed down into the crater to collect some lava for later study，but this being my first experience，I stayed at the top and watched them.(p.35)

　　另外兩個人攀下火山口去收集日后研究用的巖漿我是第一次經歷這樣的事所以留在山頂上觀察他們。

　　“主語＋being＋這是一個獨立主格結構其作用相當于一個狀語從句常表示原因、時間等。＝Because my mother was ill因為媽媽病了我必須在家照顧她。[模仿造句]用上述句型完成下列句子。(1)開完會后我們都回家了。(2)她干完了活坐下來喝茶。It is said that this boy，who had a great gift for languages and persuasion，is the father of the Manchu people.(p.39)

　　據說這個男孩就是滿族人的祖先具有語言天賦和很強的說服力。

　　It is said that...“據說”是形式主語它所表示的是后面由that引導的主語從句。類似的結構還有：據報道人們希望 人們以為人們相信人們期待/料想 boss has a big decision to make soon.

　　據說我們老板很快要作出一項重大決定。 [模仿造句]用上述句型完成下列句子。(1)這樣人們希望因紐特人的生活方式保存更多的世紀。(2)據報道國慶節的第一天將有200萬人乘地鐵。

　　用上述句型翻譯一切都準備好了我感到非常輕松。就在我準備回家時電話響了我被告知奶奶受傷了。我匆忙趕往醫院去看奶奶。她說：“與司機相比我算是幸運的了。我只是受了輕傷據說這起車禍使三人喪生呢。”_driver，I'm_quite_lucky_as_I_was_only_slightly

　　_injured.It_is_said_that_the_traffic_accident_has_caused_three_deaths.”

　　修飾關聯：指詞語之間修飾或限制的關系即語言的得體性與習慣性。如：修飾worth只能用well不能用very；修飾population用large或small而不用many或little。因果關聯：指英語的語義表達中存在的因果關系如：Tony is gambling with his health.He has been smoking for too long.中的“smoking for too long”是“gambling with his health”的原因。【例】 I attended a school prize-giving________not so long ago and the guest speaker was Mr.White.B．meeting解析：修飾關聯。prize-giving后面接ceremony意為“頒獎儀式”。答案：C【例】 These tell a story of a mother whose baby grows sick and pale and has changed so much that it is almost________to the parents.解析：“has changed so much”與 unrecognizable構成因果關聯。答案：C

　　運用所學的解題技巧完成下列微型完形填空題。(一)__1__.You are the one who must figure out what success is to you.Is the destination you have in mind worth the__2__you must take? Only you can answer that.

　　1．A.mean　B．matter解析：修飾關聯。matter意為“重要關系重大”。答案：B解析：語義關聯。path表示“路徑道路”。答案：D(二)　1　the knowledge needed for their chosen professionsts encourage students to read widely to __2__their understanding in many fields of study.

　　1．A.acquire

　　B．accept

　　C．earn

　　D．increase

　　解析：修飾關聯。acquire the knowledge表示“獲取知識”。答案：A

　　B．deepen解析：deepen one's understanding意為“加深理解”。答案：B(三)lion tons of __1__produced in the US in 2010.The most effective way to reduce waste is not to create it in the first place.By reducing and reusing, consumers and industry can 　2　natural resources and reduce waste management costs..resource

　　B．material解析：原詞復現。上文有waste。答案：C解析：因果關聯。上文的reducing、reusing與save natural resources為因果關系。答案：B(四)sing a passport can cause the calmest people to get nervous, especially if it happens while you're abroad.This is understandable because losing a __1__can be serious－it is not too different from losing your identity.However, __2__， I suggest you calm down first.The sooner you recover from that panic attack，the more chances you have to get it back.

　　1．A.identity

　　B．chance

　　C．passport

　　D．report

　　解析：原詞復現。上文有passport。答案：Cying

　　B．reporting解析：因果關聯。“it is no use worrying”與“I suggest you calm down first”為因果關系。答案：A

　　第一節　閱讀理解

　　閱讀下面的短文從每題所給的A、B、C和D項中選出最佳選項。A

　　Choose Your One-Day Tours!

　　(2024·課標全國Ⅱ卷)Tour A—Bath & Stonehenge including entrance fees to the ancient Roman bathrooms and Stonehenge—￡37 until 26 March and ￡39 thereafter.Tour B—Oxford & Stratford including entrance fees to the University St Mary's Church Tower and Anne Hathaway's house—￡32 until 12 March and ￡36 thereafter.Oxford：Includes a guided tour of England's oldest university city and colleges.Look over the “city of dreaming spires (尖頂)” from St Mary's Church Tower.Stratford：Includes a guided tour exploring much of the Shakespeare wonder.Tour C—Windsor Castle & Hampton Court including entrance fees to Hampton Court Palace—￡34 until 11 March and ￡37 thereafter.ndsor Castle (entrance fees not included)．With 500 years of historyns，which include the famous maze (迷宮) where it is easy to get lost!Tour D—Cambridge including entrance fees to the Tower of Saint Mary the Great—￡33 until 18 March and ￡37 thereafter.versity town，and the gardens of the 18th century.

　　1．Which tour will you choose if you want to see England's oldest university city?

　　A．Tour A．　B．Tour B.

　　C．Tour C.

　　D.Tour D.

　　2．Which of the following tours charges the lowest fee on 17 March?

　　A．Windsor Castle & Hampton Court.

　　B．Oxford & Stratford.

　　C．Bath & Stonehenge.

　　D．Cambridge.

　　3．Why is Hampton Court a major tourist attraction?

　　A．It used to be the home of royal families.

　　B．It used to be a well-known maze.

　　C．It is the oldest palace in Britain.

　　D．It is a world-famous castle.

　　語篇解讀：本文主要介紹了幾則“一日游”的廣告。解析：事Tour B中“Oxford：Includes a guided tour of England's oldest university city and colleges.”可知。答案：B解析：事實細節題。根據廣告中提到的收費標準可知選D。答案：D解析：事實細節題。根據Tour C中的“Hampton Court was once the home of four Kings and one Queen.”可知答案為A。答案：AB

　　(2024·福建卷)Papalistened to the town elders and learned about the world beyond his tiny hometown.“There's so much to learn，”he'd say.“Though we're born stupid，only the stupid remain that way.”He was determined that none of his children would be denied(拒絕)an education.s，Papa insisted that we learn at least one new thing each day.Though，as children，we thought this was crazy，it would never have occurred to us to deny Papa a request.And dinner time seemed perfect for sharing what we had learned.We would talk about the news of the day；no matter how insignificantd push back his chair and pour a glass of red wine，ready to listen.

　　“Felice，” he'd say，“tell me what you learned today.”

　　“I learned that the population of Nepal is....”

　　Silence.

　　Papa was thinking about what was said，as if the salvation(拯救) of the world would depend upon it.“The population of Nepal.Hmm.Well....”he'd say.“Get the map；let's see where Nepal is.”And the whole family went on a search for Nepal.clear understanding of at least half a dozen such facts.

　　As children，we thought very little about these educational wonders.Our family，however，was growing together，sharing experiences and participating in one another's education.And by looking at us，listening to us，respecting our input，affirming(肯定) our value(傳授) what Papa had known all along—the value of continual learning.His technique has served me well all my life.Not a single day has been wastedthough I can never tell when knowing the population of Nepal might prove useful.

　　4．What do we know from the first paragraph?

　　A．The author's father was born in a worker's family.

　　B．Those born stupid could not change their life.

　　C．The town elders wanted to learn about the world.

　　D．The poor could hardly afford school education.

　　5．The underlined word“it”in the second paragraph refers to “________”．________．

　　A．enjoyed talking about news

　　B．knew very well about Nepal

　　C．felt regret about those wasted days

　　D．appreciated his father's educational technique

　　7．What is the greatest value of “dinner time” to the author?

　　A．Continual learning.

　　B．Showing talents.

　　C．Family get-together.

　　D．Winning Papa's approval.

　　8．The author's father can be best described as________．

　　A．an educator expert at training future teachers

　　B．a parent insistent on his children's education

　　C．a participant willing to share his knowledge

　　D．a teacher strict about everything his students did

　　語篇解讀：本文為記敘文題材為學習教育類。文章記敘了在父親的引領下我們這些窮孩子不斷學習、日有所獲。全家人相互學習共同進步。解析：事實細節題。由首段首句可知選D項。答案：D解析：猜測詞義題。由第二段倒數第二句中“We would talk about the news of the day”可知it指代的是the news故選C項。答案：C解析：事實細節題。由尾段第二句“They were imparting(傳授)what Papa had known all along—the value of continual learning.”可知答案為D項。答案：D解析：推理判斷題。由第二段第三句至倒數第三段的內容以及尾段第二句可推斷出答案為A項。答案：A解析：推理判斷題。由本文內容可推斷出父親是一個堅持教育自己孩子的家長故選B項。答案：B第二節　完形填空閱讀下面的短文掌握其大意然后從1～20題所給出A、B、C和D項中選出最佳選項。e____1____， honey？”she asked as she sat down beside him.“Is there some problem I can help with？”____2____. He didn't really want to tell his mom what was ____3____ him.“Something happened at the park，”he stammered (結巴地說出)

　　____4____．“I... I lied to Aaron, ____5____ me.He knows I ____6____．”？”Mom asked gently.____7____，but I don't think he will forgive me.”

　　“Are you really sorry？”asked Mom.____8____．Mom ____9____ for a minute.“Honey, ____10____ Dad and I used to give you？”she asked.“The ones you called horsey rides？” Christopher nodded____11____ why Mom brought that up.“You thought it was so much fun until you fell ____12____the ‘horse' one day and hit your head on a chair，”said Mom.“After that it took you a long time to trust

　　____13____enough to try it again.”

　　“But I finally did！”Christopher said ____14____．He thought he knew what his mother was getting at(暗示)．____15____ Aaron will trust you again, too.”said Mom.“When you lie to someone，it takes ____16____for that person to really believe you again”Mom smiled.“There will also be bad ____17____of what you've done—like a friend who won't speak to you for a while and Aaron needs time to ____18____what happened.Therefore，be a ____19____friend and help him trust you again.Can you do that？”____20____friend.”

　　1．A.challenge　B．matterdemanded

　　C．agreed

　　D．hesitated

　　3．A.bothering

　　B．hurting

　　C．destroying

　　D．surprising

　　4．A.finally

　　B．suddenly

　　C．immediately

　　D．gradually

　　5．A.reply to

　　B．write to

　　C．talk to

　　D．attend to

　　6．A.stammered

　　B．lied

　　C．talked

　　D．cried

　　7．A.fine

　　B．sorry

　　C．unhappy

　　D．disappointed

　　8．A.excitedly

　　B．hopefully

　　C．cheerfully

　　D．sadly

　　9．A.thought

　　B．looked

　　C．stayed

　　D．tried

　　10．A.lessons

　　B．toys

　　C．rides

　　D．horses

　　11．A.saying

　　B．doubting

　　C．remembering

　　D．wondering

　　12．A.on

　　B．at

　　C．off

　　D．to

　　13．A.you

　　B．them

　　C．us

　　D．it

　　14．A.eagerly

　　B．sadly

　　C．slowly

　　D．hopelessly

　　15．A.pleased

　　B．sure

　　C．lucky

　　D．satisfied

　　16．A.money

　　B．courage